Zemdirbyste-agriculture最新文献_第5页

Allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts of common sunflower on seed germination and growth of field pea 普通向日葵水提液对大田豌豆种子萌发和生长的化感作用

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Zemdirbyste-agriculture Pub Date : 2023-05-23 DOI: 10.13080/z-a.2023.110.003

D. Janusauskaite

{"title":"Allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts of common sunflower on seed germination and growth of field pea","authors":"D. Janusauskaite","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2023.110.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2023.110.003","url":null,"abstract":"As climate changes, the development of new agroecological systems and the diversification of crop rotations open new opportunities for growing sunflowers in the northern regions of Europe. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the effect of sunflower grown in the Boreal region on other plants in crop rotation. This experiment was aimed to evaluate the allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts of different parts of the common sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) grown in the Boreal environmental zone on seed germination and growth of the field pea ( Pisum sativum L.). The following three factors were studied: factor A – two fertilisation levels of sunflower: unfertilised (N 0 P 0 K 0 ) and fertilised by N 80 P 60 K 90 ; factor B – three sunflower plants parts: leaves and stems (L+S), heads (H), and roots (R) for extract preparation; factor C – four concentrations (25%, 50%, and 75%) of sunflower aqueous extracts and deionised water (0%) as a control. All concentrations of sunflower extracts stimulated seed germination by 1.7– 6.7% at 4 days after sowing (4 DAS), compared to the control treatment. Extracts of heads and roots of sunflower had a significant ( p ≤ 0.05) inhibitory effect on pea root length and shoot length (7 DAS and 18 DAS, respectively). The roots extract contained the highest total polyphenolic content and total flavonoid content and had the greatest inhibitory effect on the fresh mass of roots and shoots. The data averaged across fertilisation level showed that 25% concentration of all sunflower parts extracts had a stimulatory effect, and extracts of 75% concentration had the highest inhibitory effect on root morphological parameters of pea. The results revealed that sunflower can be an allelopathic species causing a risk in a crop rotation. The suppressive effect of sunflowers on other plants including weeds can be applied in sustainable agriculture. Therefore, the detailed studies are necessary for further reveal of the allelopathic effect of sunflower grown in the Boreal environmental zone not only on peas but also on other target crops.","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75952343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Activity of antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde content in sweet cherry fruits under living mulch conditions 活膜条件下甜樱桃果实抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛含量的变化

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Zemdirbyste-agriculture Pub Date : 2023-05-23 DOI: 10.13080/z-a.2023.110.009

Tetyana Gerasko, Maksym Kolesnikov, N. Nezhnova, Galina Ninova, Olga Alekseeva, Z. Kovtuniuk

{"title":"Activity of antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde content in sweet cherry fruits under living mulch conditions","authors":"Tetyana Gerasko, Maksym Kolesnikov, N. Nezhnova, Galina Ninova, Olga Alekseeva, Z. Kovtuniuk","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2023.110.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2023.110.009","url":null,"abstract":"Living mulch is the most natural soil cover in the orchard; however, competition with grasses creates stressful conditions for fruit crops. The reaction of plants to stress can be determined by the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of lipid peroxidation products in plant tissues. The reaction of trees to coexistence with living mulch (natural grasses that were mowed four times during the growing season) was studied in an organic sweet cherry ( Prunus avium L.) orchard with chestnut, sandy soil in the warm and arid conditions of Southern Steppe of Ukraine. The aim of the research was to determine how the living mulch (compared to bare fallow) affects the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in sweet cherry fruits at different stages of fruit development. It was determined that living mulch significantly increased the activity of ascorbate peroxidase (by 21–52%), polyphenol oxidase (by 22–42%), and peroxidase (26–34%) in the tissues of sweet cherry fruits. The MDA content was significantly higher in sweet cherry fruits produced under living mulch (compared to the fruits of a bare fallow management system) only at the stage of partial reddening in 2018 (by 41%) and at the stage of stone hardening in 2019 (by 58%). At the picking maturity stage, no significant difference between the treatments of the experiment was found, which indicates the successful overcoming of oxidative stress caused by competition with natural grasses.","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87129097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Induction and analysis of polyploids in daylily (Hemerocallis L.) plants 黄花菜多倍体的诱导与分析

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Zemdirbyste-agriculture Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.13080/z-a.2022.109.048

E. Misiukevičius, Viodmantas Stanys

{"title":"Induction and analysis of polyploids in daylily (Hemerocallis L.) plants","authors":"E. Misiukevičius, Viodmantas Stanys","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2022.109.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2022.109.048","url":null,"abstract":"Daylily ( Hemerocallis L.) is a popular herbaceous perennial ornamental plant. The American Hemerocallis Society (AHS) currently has over 96,000 cultivars registered. Of these, half are tetraploids (4x), and the other half are diploids (2x). To enrich the breeding lines of tetraploid daylilies, colchicine is the most widely used. During the experiment, oryzalin (ORZ) and colchicine (CLC) were used for the polyploidisation of daylilies. Germinating seeds derived from diploid and tetraploid daylily cultivars as maternal plants were exposed to solutions of ORZ and CLC at different concentrations. Ploidy of seedlings was determined after six months by flow cytometry, and the obtained results were related to the size of the stomata. Chimerism of the young side shoots developing on treated plants was assessed three years after polyploidisation by checking the ploidy using a flow cytometer. It has been found that whole-genome duplication is not common in daylilies during polyploidisation of germinating seeds – triploids (3x), pentaploids (5x), hexaploids (6x), and heptaploids (7x) were obtained. The optimal concentration of CLC for induction higher ploidy was 125–250 µmol when exposed to seeds of the diploid maternal plant (DMP) and 250–500 µmol when exposed to the tetraploid maternal plant (TMP) one. In the case of ORZ, optimal treatments were 10 µmol for germinating DMP seeds and 40 µmol for TMP seeds, respectively. Stomata size can preliminarily determine daylily ploidy. A flow cytometry should be used for a more accurate determination of ploidy. Individuals treated with antimitotic agents are prone to chimerism. The most extensive ploidy variation observed in individuals with uneven ploidy is usually in the direction of even ploidy. Therefore, the ploidy of clones used for breeding should be checked regularly.","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79367058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Allelopathic effect of couch grass (Elymus repens L.) on germination of common wheat seeds 草对普通小麦种子萌发的化感作用

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Zemdirbyste-agriculture Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.13080/z-a.2022.109.041

S. Okrushko

{"title":"Allelopathic effect of couch grass (Elymus repens L.) on germination of common wheat seeds","authors":"S. Okrushko","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2022.109.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2022.109.041","url":null,"abstract":"The resistance of common wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), a traditional Ukrainian crop, to allelopathic weeds in the early stages of cultivation has not been sufficiently analysed up to now. Contradictory information on the chemical interaction between wheat and couch grass ( Elymus repens L.) has led to a detailed investigation of the effect of couch grass. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effect of the aqueous extracts of couch grass rhizomes collected in Vinnytsia region, western and south-western Ukraine on wheat seed germination and further seedling development. It was found that the presence of couch grass extracts inhibited the energy of seed germination in all experimental treatments. The couch grass extract with a concentration of 1:1000 had a stimulating effect on the germination and subsequent growth of wheat seedlings compared to the control treatment, in which the wheat seeds were germinated in the distilled water. On the 4th day of the experiment, the couch grass extracts at higher concentrations (1:100 and 1:10) significantly reduced the length of the germ root of wheat by 0.25 and 0.30 cm. On the 7th day of wheat seed germination, measurements of the stem length showed a decrease by 56.2% and 51.4% compared to the control treatment. Thus, the inhibitory effect was maybe decreasing within 5–11 days of the germination of wheat seeds depending on the concentration of allelopathically active substances of couch grass in an aqueous solution.","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77132190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The effect of salinity-resistant biofilm-forming Azotobacter spp. on salt tolerance in maize growth 耐盐生物成膜固氮菌对玉米耐盐性的影响

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Zemdirbyste-agriculture Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.13080/z-a.2022.109.045

S. Çam, Ç. Küçük, C. Cevheri

{"title":"The effect of salinity-resistant biofilm-forming Azotobacter spp. on salt tolerance in maize growth","authors":"S. Çam, Ç. Küçük, C. Cevheri","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2022.109.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2022.109.045","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing soil salinity is among the most detrimental threats restricting crop growth and productivity. In recent years, root inoculation with biofilm-forming plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) has been greatly interested in improving abiotic stress tolerance. This study examined the plant growth-promoting and biofilm-forming potential of Azotobacter spp. obtained from maize rhizosphere, tested the salinity effect (up to 300 mM NaCl) on biofilm formation and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, and evaluated their effect on maize growth at different concentrations (0, 50, and 150 mM) of NaCl under greenhouse conditions. The isolates produced different amounts of indole acetic acid (IAA) (from 0.96 to 7.51 µg mL −1 ) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase (from 2.10 to 19.50 µmol α-ketobutyrate mg −1 h −1 ). On average, the highest biofilm formation was found in A. chroococcum . Both biofilm formation and EPS production significantly increased ( p < 0.05) at 150 and 300 mM NaCl in A. chroococcum SC8, A. beijerinckii SC10, and A. tropicalis SC4. These strains also significantly increased ( p < 0.05) root depth by 44.1–55.9%, shoot height by 52.3–58.8%, fresh root weight by 42.8–52.4%, and fresh shoot weight by 44.6–53.6% at 150 mM NaCl compared with the uninoculated salinity-stressed (control) treatment. Among plant growth regulators, higher biofilm formation and EPS production under increasing salinity exhibited better maize growth under salinity stress. Therefore, these respective strains might be promising bioinoculants for alleviating salinity stress in field experiments.","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74917386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Variation of winter wheat grain yield and its quality in fields with different soil cover 不同土壤覆盖条件下冬小麦产量及品质的变化

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Zemdirbyste-agriculture Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.13080/z-a.2022.109.038

Paulius Astrauskas, G. Staugaitis, Aistė Masevičienė, Lina Žičkienė

{"title":"Variation of winter wheat grain yield and its quality in fields with different soil cover","authors":"Paulius Astrauskas, G. Staugaitis, Aistė Masevičienė, Lina Žičkienė","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2022.109.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2022.109.038","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was carried out in 2018–2021 in the Baltic Upland of the Eastern Lithuania, where the soil cover was very different. The objective was to determine the yield and grain quality of winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) in fields with a different soil cover, their variation and dependence on soil texture and typology. For the experiment, three fields with a different soil cover were selected and 30 observation sites were set up. The results showed that the field with light-textured soils of sand, loamy sand, and sandy loam produced a lower number of productive stems and a lower grain yield of winter wheat compared to the field with heavier-textured soils. The average grain yield in sites, where the sandy loam fraction predominated, was 7.22 t ha -1 compared with 5.55 t ha -1 for loamy sand and 4.33 t ha -1 for loamy sand and sand fractions. The yield and productivity of winter wheat in the experimental field with the heavy-textured subsoil depended on the distribution of soil particles throughout the soil profile. Eutric Planosol , where the sand and loamy sand fraction in the top layer, and sandy clay at 60–70 cm depth dominated, produced the highest grain yield of 9.20 t ha -1 . The variation in winter wheat yield of the field in the hilly terrain was as much as 2.3 times. Winter wheat yield was higher in Gleyic Luvisol and Eutric Fluvisol in the lowlands, while yield was lower on the hilltops and slopes, where Haplic Luvisol predominated. Winter wheat was less fertile in organic soils in the lowlands due to the intensive growth and lodging of the vegetative part. The content of crude protein in winter wheat grains was influenced by the annual weather conditions and soil properties. In dry years, in the fields, where the lightest-textured loamy sand and sand, sandy loam and sandy clay loam prevailed, the grains were finer and at the same time had a higher level of crude protein.","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"88 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87702750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response of spring barley root and soil physical properties to changes under cover crop and different tillage 春大麦根系及土壤物理性质对覆盖作物和不同耕作方式变化的响应

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Zemdirbyste-agriculture Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.13080/z-a.2022.109.037

Agnė Veršulienė, G. Kadžienė, Mykola Kochiieru, S. Pranaitiene, Loreta Meškauskienė, O. Auškalnienė

引用次数: 1

Lead content in plant materials in the buffer zones of surface water bodies of Northwestern and Central regions of Lithuania 立陶宛西北部和中部地表水缓冲带植物材料中的铅含量

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Zemdirbyste-agriculture Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.13080/z-a.2022.109.043

Kateryna Fastovetska, A. Šlepetienė, Egidijus Vigricas, G. Urbaitis, O. Belova

{"title":"Lead content in plant materials in the buffer zones of surface water bodies of Northwestern and Central regions of Lithuania","authors":"Kateryna Fastovetska, A. Šlepetienė, Egidijus Vigricas, G. Urbaitis, O. Belova","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2022.109.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2022.109.043","url":null,"abstract":"The lead (Pb) is a heavy metal, which causes severe disorders in humans and other organisms. Recently, the item of wetland buffer zone has emerged as an integrated development approach to nature conservation including buffer zone pollution by Pb. The main sources of Pb pollution in Lithuania are Pb ammunition used by hunters and natural and anthropogenic activities. Considering plant capability to accumulate Pb, they are used for bioindication. The objective of the study was to determine Pb content in the aboveground biomass of vegetation collected from the reference sites in the buffer zones of wetlands. The research was conducted in three localities of the different wetland buffer zones – drying ditch, natural pond, and stream, in the three parts of Lithuania: in the Northwestern part of Lithuania in the territory of the Žemaitija National Park, in the northern part of the Žemaitija Upland at the border of Latvia, and in the Central Lithuania, in the vicinity of the largest artificial waterbody – Kauno Marios and the Nemunas River. The content of Pb in the working solutions was determined by the atomic absorption method on an atomic absorption spectrometer at a wavelength of 283.0 nm. Significant differences were calculated using the three-way ANOVA (Tukey’s HSD test). The relationships were calculated using a regression analysis, the data were significant at P ≤ 0.01 and P ≤ 0.001. The data of the research show that the content of Pb corresponds to the background content of uncontaminated sites, the values of which are reported by other scientists and is equal to 0.95–6.84 mg kg −1 . The average content of Pb in the buffer zones of various surface water source types was 3.75–3.76 mg kg −1 . The content of Pb in the plants at 20–30 m from the surface water bodies increased by 1.3–1.5 times, and then at 40 m it decreased by the same indicator.","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85448097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Wheat productivity in different tillage systems after using biostimulants and their mixtures 使用生物刺激素及其混合物后不同耕作制度下的小麦产量

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Zemdirbyste-agriculture Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.13080/z-a.2022.109.039

L. M. Butkevičienė, V. Steponavičienė, R. Pupalienė, Lina Skinulienė, R. Čepulienė, V. Bogužas

{"title":"Wheat productivity in different tillage systems after using biostimulants and their mixtures","authors":"L. M. Butkevičienė, V. Steponavičienė, R. Pupalienė, Lina Skinulienė, R. Čepulienė, V. Bogužas","doi":"10.13080/z-a.2022.109.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2022.109.039","url":null,"abstract":"Policies to reduce the use of mineral fertilisers and chemical pesticides have spurred research into biological approaches to soil and plant protection and biostimulation. The two-factorial field experiment was carried out on the crops of spring and winter wheat at the Experimental Station of Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy, Lithuania, from 2018 to 2020. The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the influence of biostimulants and their mixtures in different soil tillage systems on the productivity of spring and winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Biostimulants were more effective to stimulate plant development at the no-till + catch crop (NT + CC) treatment. The effect became more evident in the third year of the experiment. The biostimulant with Trichoderma sp. and the biostimulant with Azotobacter sp. and mixtures with them increased grain yield when NT + CC technology was used. Only mixtures of biostimulants with Trichoderma sp. and with Azotobacter sp. increased yield when applying PT technology. Although biostimulants do not always increase the yield of agricultural crops, their application is more sustainable agricultural practice.","PeriodicalId":23946,"journal":{"name":"Zemdirbyste-agriculture","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79764620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

State of antioxidant and osmoprotective systems in etiolated winter wheat seedlings of different cultivars due to their drought tolerance 不同品种黄化冬小麦幼苗抗氧化和渗透保护系统的耐旱性研究

IF 0.9 4区农林科学

Zemdirbyste-agriculture Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.13080/z-a.2022.109.040

Yu. E. Kolupaev, T. Yastreb, Anastasia M. Salii, A. I. Kokorev, N. I. Ryabchun, O. A. Zmiievska, M. A. Shkliarevskyi

引用次数: 4