{"title":"China’s Sanctions Dilemma","authors":"A. Poh","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2w8.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2w8.12","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 8 summarises the main findings of this book. Due to China’s\u0000 longstanding sanctions rhetoric, Chinese decision-makers had until\u0000 the end of Xi Jinping’s first term avoided making open use of unilateral\u0000 sanctions during periods of political dispute. This was particularly the\u0000 case when their target states used rhetorical action to draw international\u0000 attention to China’s attempted use of economic coercion. This chapter\u0000 then reviews the theoretical and policy implications and discusses the\u0000 future of China’s sanctions rhetoric and behaviour. It also suggests areas\u0000 for further study, in particular the balance between economic inducement\u0000 and coercion in China’s grand strategy as well as the links between\u0000 economics and security.","PeriodicalId":239203,"journal":{"name":"Sanctions with Chinese Characteristics","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117047827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"When Does Talk Become Costly?","authors":"A. Poh","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2w8.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2w8.7","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 3 provides the theoretical framework for the central argument of\u0000 this book—that China’s sanctions rhetoric has had a palpable impact on\u0000 its behaviour. It shows how the fear of incurring ‘international audience\u0000 costs’ drives certain aspects of states’ foreign policy behaviour. It discusses\u0000 the conditions that need to be in place for the international audience cost\u0000 theory to work—i.e. the offending state needs to care about international\u0000 opinion, and a rhetorical actor must be present to draw attention to the\u0000 differences between an offending state’s rhetoric and behaviour. It then\u0000 applies this theoretical framework to China and examines why and how\u0000 international audience costs is a crucial mechanism that provides the\u0000 link between China’s sanctions rhetoric and its behaviour.","PeriodicalId":239203,"journal":{"name":"Sanctions with Chinese Characteristics","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121149907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Appendix C","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2w8.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2w8.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":239203,"journal":{"name":"Sanctions with Chinese Characteristics","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125583049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"China’s Unilateral Sanctions:","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2w8.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2w8.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":239203,"journal":{"name":"Sanctions with Chinese Characteristics","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125653499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Puzzle of Chinese Sanctions","authors":"A. Poh","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2w8.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2w8.5","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 1 introduces the puzzle of this book: given the widespread perception\u0000 of China as an assertive rising power as well as the conventional belief\u0000 that economic sanctions are a middle ground between diplomatic and\u0000 military/paramilitary action, why were Chinese decision-makers up until\u0000 the end of Xi Jinping’s first term as president in March 2018 restrained\u0000 and reluctant in their use of sanctions? It provides a brief account of the\u0000 main argument—that China’s longstanding sanctions rhetoric has had\u0000 a constraining effect on its behaviour—and explains the theoretical and\u0000 policy significance of this book. It concludes by providing an overview of\u0000 the chapters and research design.","PeriodicalId":239203,"journal":{"name":"Sanctions with Chinese Characteristics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123115693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On Sanctions and China","authors":"A. Poh","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2w8.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2w8.6","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 2 clarifies the definition of sanctions and draws on the existing\u0000 international relations literature to discuss four different expectations that\u0000 speak to the central puzzle of this book. These expectations are based on\u0000 structural, domestic, and cultural factors: China was simply ‘not yet powerful\u0000 enough’ to employ sanctions in a wholehearted manner; the Chinese political\u0000 leadership may have at times been constrained by its domestic actors; China’s\u0000 participation in international institutions shaped its sanctions behaviour;\u0000 and the Chinese political elite may have inherited certain predispositions\u0000 that led them to favour the use of ‘carrots’, like economic inducements, over\u0000 ‘sticks’, such as punitive sanctions. It finds that none of these explanations\u0000 provide a wholly satisfactory answer to the puzzle.","PeriodicalId":239203,"journal":{"name":"Sanctions with Chinese Characteristics","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124571610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acknowledgments","authors":"A. Poh","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2w8.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bhg2w8.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":239203,"journal":{"name":"Sanctions with Chinese Characteristics","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133160253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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