Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA最新文献

{"title":"Promoter-Targeting RNA Technologies: An Epigenetic Strategy for Gene Activation and Gene Silencing.","authors":"Rajat Hegde, Maryam Abdul Ajees, Kedlaya Srikrishna H Damodar, Esha Poojary, Smita Hegde, Shama Prasada Kabekkodu","doi":"10.1002/wrna.70043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrna.70043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Promoter-targeted RNAs (PTRs) are emerging as a transformative approach for future therapeutics, offering the ability to directly modulate gene expression at the transcriptional level. Unlike traditional RNA-based methods that work post transcriptionally, PTRs interact with gene promoter regions to either activate or suppress gene transcription. This strategy offers a key advantage by enabling more stable and long-lasting control of gene expression, since it acts directly at the level of chromatin and epigenetic regulation rather than only degrading RNA or blocking translation. Unlike CRISPR-based methods, promoter-targeted RNAs alongside traditional siRNAs and ASOs provide a reversible and finely tuned way to reprogram the chromatin accessibility and histone modifications without making permanent changes to the genome. This review explores the broadening spectrum of PTRs modalities, including small activating RNAs, small interfering RNAs, promoter-targeted R-loop inducers, peptide nucleic acids, RNA aptamers, and triplex-forming RNAs. Several preclinical studies have demonstrated their ability to reactivate silenced tumor suppressor genes or downregulate oncogenes, offering targeted and reversible gene control. Notably, saRNAs like MTL-CEBPA (Phase II) and RAG-01 (Phase I) have reached clinical evaluation for liver and bladder cancer, highlighting their translational potential. However, efficient nuclear delivery, off-target effects, immune activation, and tumor heterogeneity remain the major concerns for clinical applications. Future progress in this field will depend on overcoming technical hurdles such as ensuring efficient nuclear delivery, improving chemical modifications to increase RNA stability, and designing delivery systems that combine tissue-specific targeting with precise transcriptional regulation. This article is categorized under: Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > RNAi: Mechanisms of Action Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Biogenesis of Effector Small RNAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23886,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA","volume":"17 3","pages":"e70043"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and Functional Diversity of RNA-Containing Toxin-Antitoxin Systems.","authors":"Harshita Dutta, Salik Noor, Kavyashree Nadig, Mahavir Singh","doi":"10.1002/wrna.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrna.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are ubiquitous prokaryotic genetic modules located on plasmids and chromosomes, contributing to plasmid stabilization, maintenance of genome integrity, phage defense, and bacterial pathogenesis. Canonically, these systems encode a metabolically stable toxin and a labile antitoxin that neutralizes the toxin activity under homeostatic conditions. Stress-induced antitoxin degradation unleashes the toxin, leading to growth arrest through inhibition of various cellular processes, including translation, DNA replication, and cell wall synthesis. TA systems are classified into eight types (type I-VIII) based on antitoxin identity and mode of action. Among these, types I, III, and VIII represent RNA-containing TA systems in which either only antitoxin (types I and III) or both toxin and antitoxin (type VIII) are RNA molecules. Type I systems utilize small cis- or trans-encoded antisense RNA antitoxins that base-pair with toxin mRNAs to block translation or promote degradation; their toxins are typically small hydrophobic peptides targeting membranes or inducing nucleoid condensation. Type III systems encode endoribonuclease toxins and structured RNA antitoxins that assemble into stoichiometric ribonucleoprotein complexes. Structural studies of ToxIN, CptIN, and AbiF type III TA complexes have highlighted the pseudoknot and stem-loop containing antitoxins that engage toxin active sites with high specificity. Type VIII systems, such as CreTA, are fully RNA-based systems, where the toxin sequesters rare tRNAs and the antitoxin mimics CRISPR RNAs to mediate Cas-dependent transcriptional repression of the toxin. In this review, we summarize current understanding of these systems, emphasizing their molecular mechanisms of assembly and action and their emerging applications in biotechnology and therapeutics. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA-Protein Complexes Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs RNA Structure and Dynamics > Influence of RNA Structure in Biological Systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23886,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA","volume":"17 3","pages":"e70042"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Prospects of Artificially Synthesized Circular RNA.","authors":"Hui Chen, Yi Du, Yesheng Wang, Xue Zhang, Maolei Zhang, Xingguo Liang, Qiyi Zhao, Ming Liu","doi":"10.1002/wrna.70039","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wrna.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endogenous circRNAs play crucial physiological roles within organisms and hold significant potential as biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic targeting. The closed-loop structure of circRNAs confers unique advantages in stability, making them ideal candidates for programmable delivery vectors and platforms for drug delivery and therapeutic applications. Various artificial synthesis techniques have been developed to ensure a reliable supply of engineered circular RNAs, thereby enabling the creation of novel drugs and therapies. However, there remains a notable absence of a systematic summary regarding the landscape and emerging trends of artificially synthesized circular RNAs. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the preparation and purification methods, sequence design and optimization strategies, delivery technologies, quality control, application scenarios, as well as the progress in pre-clinical and clinical research on drugs and therapies related to artificially synthesized circular RNAs. Building upon this foundation, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the clinical translation hurdles and forthcoming trends in this field. We believe that clinical applications of circular RNAs as therapeutic approaches are promising after experts and scholars in both scientific research area and industry strengthen their collaboration. This article is categorized under: Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease Translation > Mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23886,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70039"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147522306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stunning Intricacies of RNA Editing Complexes RECC, RESC, and REH2C: Functional Organization, Developmental Regulation, and Evolutionary History in Kinetoplastid Protists.","authors":"Suzanne M McDermott, Julius Lukeš, Laurie K Read, Reza Salavati, Achim Schnaufer, Sara L Zimmer, Jason Carnes, Alasdair Ivens, Naghmeh Poorinmohammad, Nicholas J Savill, Dave Speijer, Ken Stuart, Kristína Záhonová, Poorya Mirzavand Borujeni, Zihao Chen, Cody Goode, Sunil Kumar Sharma, Lars O'Hara, Jorge Cruz-Reyes","doi":"10.1002/wrna.70037","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wrna.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>RNA metabolism in kinetoplastid protists (Kinetoplastea), including trypanosomes and Leishmania, involves unique post-transcriptional mitochondrial RNA editing that creates translatable mRNAs through uridine (U) insertions and deletions (U-indels) directed by antisense guide RNAs (gRNAs). Like other biological processes that require specific RNA targeting, this system faces several challenges beyond coordinating its many components: assembling mRNA-gRNA hybrids, recognizing hundreds of sites, and accurately distinguishing pre-edited, partially edited, and fully edited transcripts in the mitochondrial environment. In parasites such as Trypanosoma brucei, significant energetic adaptations to different host environments also involve critical editing changes during development. The editing holoenzyme includes three molecular complexes and isoforms that carry most proteins: RNA Editing Catalytic Complexes (RECCs), which catalyze U-indel cycles; RNA Editing Substrate Complexes (RESCs), which serve as scaffolds to coordinate the editing components; and the RNA Editing Helicase 2 Complex (REH2C), which contains key proteins involved in developmental editing regulation. However, more proteins and functions are being discovered. The editing system, best understood in T. brucei, shows considerable evolutionary conservation in its core machinery; however, it varies in the extent of RNA editing and the organization of mitochondrial mRNA and gRNA genes across different species. Here we explore recent progress in our understanding of RNA editing and the growing use of modern computational tools, including artificial intelligence (AI) and structural methods, to examine function, organization, developmental regulation, and evolutionary aspects of this amazing system. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA-Protein Complexes RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification.</p>","PeriodicalId":23886,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70037"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12936278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147310820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LncRNA PCAT18: Roles and Mechanisms in Human Cancers.","authors":"Xiaohui Wang, Henan Zhang, Fang Chen, Xujian Jiang, Qiang Zhang, Jihong Zhang","doi":"10.1002/wrna.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrna.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>lncRNAs are a group of RNA molecules with over 200 nucleotides involved in many biological processes. The dysregulation of lncRNA has been covered in several processes related to carcinogenesis, such as proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, evasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. PCAT18 is a newly discovered non-coding RNA first described as an androgen-regulated gene and highly upregulated in PCa. Recent studies revealed that PCAT18 functions as a regulatory molecule in PCa, lung cancer, breast cancer, digestive cancer, and leukemia. With this, we review the molecular mechanism and clinical significance of PCAT18 in various cancers. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23886,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA","volume":"17 2","pages":"e70041"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MiRNA Stability and Degradation: Dynamic Regulators of Cellular Regulatory Networks.","authors":"Ziqi Lin, Weijie Wen, Muhammad Irfan, Tielong Xu, Xianfeng Zhou","doi":"10.1002/wrna.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrna.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are pivotal post-transcriptional regulators of gene networks in development and disease, with their functional output critically dependent on dynamic turnover. Dysregulation of miRNA turnover disrupts signaling fidelity and contributes to pathologies such as cancer and infection. This review synthesizes recent advances in understanding miRNA turnover, focusing on key degradation pathways-including ZSWIM8-mediated target-directed miRNA decay (TDMD), TUT4/7-DIS3L2-driven uridylation, and nuclease cleavage-and how they integrate with stability factors such as AGO association, terminal modifications, and sequence features to orchestrate global miRNA abundance and health status. From these insights, critical unresolved questions are delineated, such as identifying nucleases responsible for degrading TDMD-liberated miRNAs and elucidating compartment-specific degradation mechanisms in physiological contexts like the gut lumen and circulation. Addressing these questions will facilitate innovative strategies for targeting miRNA stability within precision medicine. This article is categorized under: RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Turnover/Surveillance Mechanisms RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Regulation of RNA Stability Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > RNAi: Mechanisms of Action.</p>","PeriodicalId":23886,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA","volume":"17 1","pages":"e70036"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146087441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3' Processing of Animal Replication-Dependent Histone mRNAs.","authors":"William F Marzluff","doi":"10.1002/wrna.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wrna.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Each time a eucaryotic cell divides, it replicates its DNA and packages the DNA into chormatin. Large amounts of all five histone proteins are co-ordinately synthesized to assemble the newly replicated chromatin. The metazoan replication-dependent (RD) histone mRNAs differ from all other cellular mRNAs. They are not polyadenylated, but end instead in a conserved stem-loop (SL). The genes encoding all five RD-histone mRNAs are clustered, and localized to a subdomain of the nucleus, the histone locus body (HLB). Factors required for transcription and 3' processing are concentrated in the HLB, allowing coordinate expression of the five histone mRNAs, which are synthesized inside the HLB. Since RD-histone genes lack introns, capping and 3' end formation are the only processing reactions required for their biosynthesis. A set of factors involved only in histone mRNA metabolism; NPAT, FLASH, U7 snRNP, and SLBP are required for synthesis of histone mRNAs. The HLB is present throughout the cell cycle. Histone mRNA expression is restricted to S-phase by phosphorylation of NPAT by cyclin E/cdk2. Like cleavage/polyadenylation, histone pre-mRNA processing requires recognition of a 5' signal, the SL, by SLBP, and a 3' signal, the histone downstream element (HDE) by U7 snRNP, with cleavage occurring between them. A subcomplex of CPSF, the cleavage module for cleavage/polyadenylation, is a component of the active U7 snRNP, which assembles in the HLB only in S-phase. CPSF73 catalyzes the cleavage of the nascent transcript to produce mature histone mRNA.</p>","PeriodicalId":23886,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA","volume":"17 1","pages":"e70035"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146067615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Overview of Computational Tools for Alternative Splicing Analysis.","authors":"Hieu Tran, Nirad Banskota, Myriam Gorospe, Supriyo De","doi":"10.1002/wrna.70030","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wrna.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alternative splicing (AS) is a fundamental mechanism that generates transcriptomic diversity by selectively including or excluding exons and introns from pre-mRNA transcripts, leading to the production of multiple protein isoforms from a single gene. This process plays a crucial role in cellular differentiation, tissue specificity, and response to environmental stimuli. Given that it enables organisms to adapt to varying conditions and maintain homeostasis, AS has become a pivotal area of study in molecular biology. The advancement of RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technologies has propelled the development of sophisticated tools designed to detect and analyze various AS events. These tools have become indispensable for researchers seeking to unravel the complexities of AS and its implications in health and disease. In this review, we delve into the prominent alternative splicing analysis tools rMATS, SUPPA2, LeafCutter, MISO, DEXSeq, MAJIQ, StringTie, and Cufflinks, discussing their strengths, limitations, and practical usability. Each of these tools offers unique functionalities tailored to different aspects of AS analysis, and their usefulness varies depending on computational requirements, ease of use, and the specificity of the AS events they detect. Through careful consideration of the functionalities and limitations of these tools, we offer insights into the biological contexts for which they might be best suited for AS analysis. This article is categorized under: RNA Methods > RNA Analyses In Vitro and In Silico RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing.</p>","PeriodicalId":23886,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA","volume":"16 6","pages":"e70030"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12669084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145655834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed Messages: Dynamic and Compositional Heterogeneity of Nuclear Messenger Ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) Complexes.","authors":"Theresa Wechsler, Ryuta Asada, Ben Montpetit","doi":"10.1002/wrna.70032","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wrna.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) complexes assemble co-transcriptionally in the nucleus as RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) engage nascent transcripts. Ongoing RNA processing and RBP dynamics generate a diverse set of mRNPs, often producing a mature mRNA-capped, spliced, and polyadenylated-within a compact mRNP particle poised for nuclear export. The processing, packaging, and export of nuclear mRNPs are tightly regulated to ensure the fidelity of gene expression and to reprogram cellular function under changing organismal and environmental conditions. Understanding the compositional and organizational dynamics of nuclear mRNP assembly and maturation is essential, as dysregulation is linked to viral infections and a range of human diseases, including neurological disorders and cancer. Recent structural, biochemical, and in-cell studies have revealed key roles for the evolutionarily conserved Yra1/ALYREF proteins and the TRanscription-EXport (TREX) complex in mRNP packaging and export, highlighting broadly conserved functions across eukaryotes. While many questions remain, these advances have deepened our understanding of nuclear mRNA metabolism and offer new opportunities to investigate how disruptions in mRNA biogenesis and export factors, and their associated processes, contribute to disease. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA-Protein Complexes RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications RNA Export and Localization > Nuclear Export/Import.</p>","PeriodicalId":23886,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA","volume":"16 6","pages":"e70032"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12569565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145393458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conserved Functions of LARP1 Proteins in Eukaryotes.","authors":"Farnaz Mansouri-Noori, Mark A Bayfield","doi":"10.1002/wrna.70033","DOIUrl":"10.1002/wrna.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>La and La-related proteins (LARPs) are conserved RNA-binding proteins that share a characteristic La motif (LaM) and have important functions in RNA metabolism. Members of the LARP1 family bind a cohort of mRNAs encoding factors involved in the process of mRNA translation, including ribosomal protein mRNAs (RP mRNAs). These mRNAs can contain a sequence of 5-15 pyrimidines in their 5'UTRs, immediately following the m⁷G cap, and are named 5' terminal oligopyrimidine (5'TOP) mRNAs. The DM15 domain of human LARP1 has been suggested to specifically recognize this motif, thereby affecting 5'TOP mRNA translation and stability. However, the specific function of LARP1 in this context remains unclear. Intriguingly, the 5'TOP motif is not found in RP mRNAs in C. elegans and yeast, while LARP1 orthologs in some systems lack the characteristic DM15 domain, suggesting that essential functions of LARP1 family members may precede the emergence of the 5'TOP motif and the DM15. In this work, we review studies in humans and several model organisms where we draw parallels between reported RNA binding modes and functions of different LARP1 orthologs. We further present common themes and areas for further investigation. This article is categorized under: RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA-Protein Complexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23886,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: RNA","volume":"16 6","pages":"e70033"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12645190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145597601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}