World Journal of Pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Should we sedate very young patients in the lateral position?","authors":"Chen K Pac-Soo, Daqing Ma","doi":"10.1007/s12519-025-00930-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-025-00930-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"550-551"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric lung transplantation in China, 2019-2023.","authors":"Xiao-Shan Li, Zi-Tao Wang, Bo Wu, Shu-Gao Ye, Feng Liu, Chun-Xiao Hu, Yi Lu, Wen-Jie Hua, Wei-Wei Xu, Man Huang, Jing-Yu Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12519-025-00916-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-025-00916-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediatric lung transplant (pLTX) is a rare procedure globally; its characteristics and survival outcomes in China remain unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed data from pLTX recipients aged ≤ 17 years between January 2019 and December 2023 from the China Lung Transplantation Registry. Pre-, intra-, and post-operative characteristics were described and compared between children aged 2-11 years and 12-17 years and between pLTX conducted in centers with high and low transplant volumes. The Kaplan‒Meier method was used to estimate the postoperative survival rates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). One-year postoperative survival rates were compared between pediatric and adult lung transplant (LTX) patients via log-rank tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 2019 and 2023, 63 transplants were performed in 62 pediatric patients, accounting for 1.8% of the total LTX in China. The primary indication for pLTX was bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (46.0%), followed by cystic fibrosis (12.7%) and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (11.1%). Infection was the most common complication after pLTX (63.9%), and the incidence of bronchial anastomotic stenosis was slightly higher among recipients aged 2-11 years than among those aged 12-17 years (14.3% vs. 2.9%, P = 0.244). High-volume hospitals had a higher incidence of infections (72.7% vs. 41.2%, P = 0.021) and primary graft failure (20.0% vs. 5.9%, P = 0.260) among pediatric recipients. However, acute rejection was exclusively observed in low-volume hospitals (0.0% vs. 17.6%, P = 0.018). The in-hospital mortality rate was 16.1% (95% CI = 6.7-25.5). The 30-day and one-year survival rates after pLTX were 93.5% (95% CI = 87.6-99.9) and 80.6% (95% CI = 71.4-91.1), respectively, and were significantly higher than those of adult recipients (82.0% and 58.7%, all P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This research identified the trends, indications, donor and recipient characteristics, and complications of pLTX in China. Despite its small size, pLTX is growing gradually and has favorable outcomes. Future research on the long-term follow-up of pLTX recipients is needed to identify factors associated with the prognosis of pLTX patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"597-612"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An indigenous method of high-speed video microscopy for diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia in children.","authors":"Anshula Tayal, Kana Ram Jat, Mohammed Faruq, Subhash C Yadav, Sudheer K Arava, Akshita Soni, Shishir Jindal, Ruchi Gaba, Rakesh Lodha, Nitin Dhochak, Jhuma Sankar, S K Kabra","doi":"10.1007/s12519-025-00931-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-025-00931-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"613-618"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undiagnosed pediatric type 2 diabetes mellitus: the giant hidden iceberg.","authors":"Jia-Qi Pu, Jun-Fen Fu","doi":"10.1007/s12519-025-00917-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-025-00917-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"537-541"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does midline head positioning decrease intraventricular hemorrhage or is it futile? Without a definitive trial, we will never know.","authors":"Traci-Anne Goyen, Pranav R Jani, Hannah Skelton, Kylie Pussell, Brett Manley, William Tarnow-Mordi","doi":"10.1007/s12519-025-00922-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-025-00922-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"533-536"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert consensus on the burden of respiratory syncytial virus disease and the utility of nirsevimab for disease prevention and protection of infants.","authors":"Daniel Y T Goh, Anne Goh, Ching Kit Chen, Si Min Chan, Poh Choo Khoo, Koh Cheng Thoon, Jiahui Li, Bee Wah Lee, Chee Fu Yung","doi":"10.1007/s12519-025-00926-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-025-00926-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of pediatric acute lower respiratory tract infection worldwide. In Singapore, RSV substantially contributes to the morbidity and mortality of children aged < 5 years, particularly during their first year of life, with hospitalization rates peaking during epidemic outbreaks. This expert consensus paper aims to provide an overview of the RSV disease burden, unmet needs, and the urgency for RSV prevention in all infants.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>A comprehensive literature review was conducted using Medline via PubMed, to identify relevant studies, including randomized controlled trials, observational studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses, related to RSV burden and prevention and nirsevimab. A multidisciplinary group of physicians with RSV expertise from leading institutions in Singapore reviewed the literature on RSV-related topics, convened to deliberate and formulate evidence-based recommendations, summarizing the overall disease burden, unmet needs, and the optimal implementation of an immunization strategy for all infant protection against RSV infections in Singapore. Premeeting and in-meeting surveys were conducted to guide the development of final consensus recommendations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Epidemiology and burden of RSV in Singapore, current protection against RSV infections in infants, implementations of nirsevimab, and optimization of nirsevimab implementation in Singapore were discussed in this study. Although RSV brings substantial burden with underestimated costs, palivizumab is the only approved product for RSV prevention in Singapore. Existing evidences reveal that nirsevimab has a good safety profile and is effective in preventing RSV lower respiratory tract infections. Seven statements were formulated on the epidemiology and burden of RSV in Singapore, with emphasis on its high incidence and associated healthcare cost, and the clinical efficacy and safety of nirsevimab as a basis of its implementation for all infant protection in Singapore.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The burden of RSV disease in young children is substantial, especially in those < 2 years old, accounting for up to 47% of bronchiolitis and pneumonia admissions in children < 6 months. The administration of a single dose of nirsevimab may be offered to infants at birth for the prevention of RSV in Singapore.</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"552-565"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognosis and influencing factors of pulmonary embolism in children: a multicenter study.","authors":"Zhi-Lang Lin, Shu-Han Zeng, Feng-Qin Liu, Tian Shen, Zi-Chao Lyu, Le-Jia Zhang, Yue-Lun Zhang, Rui-Ming Liang, Xing Chen, Hui-Juan Xu, Gang Liu, Bing Liu, Yuan Wen, Yi Zhang, Meng-Ze Hu, Rong Liu, Xiao-Chuan Wu, Xiao-Yun Jiang, Li-Rong Sun, Juan Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s12519-025-00929-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-025-00929-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The incidence of pediatric pulmonary embolism is increasing, with varying clinical characteristics, severity, and prognosis. Compared with data from adults, data and knowledge regarding the prognosis of pediatric pulmonary embolism are scarce. This study aims to study the overall prognosis of pediatric pulmonary embolism and explore its influencing factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included patients diagnosed with pulmonary embolism aged 1-18 years across eight tertiary referral hospitals from January 1, 2003, to December 31, 2023. Pulmonary embolism was diagnosed on the basis of clinical presentation with imaging evidence. The overall prognosis of children with pulmonary embolism was reported, and its influencing factors were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 196 children were enrolled, with a median age of 11.8 (7.9, 15.4) years, 113 males (58%) and 186 Han (95%). The overall mortality rates were 2.2% at 30 days, 3.4% at 90 days, and 5.1% during the entire follow-up period. The pulmonary embolism-related mortality rates were 1.6% (30 days), 2.7% (90 days), and 2.6% (entire follow-up period). Deep vein thrombosis at other sites occurred in 2.7% (30 days), 4.1% (90 days), and 7.6% (entire follow-up period) of the children. Among the 148 children who underwent repeat imaging examinations, 119 (81%) achieved complete remission; 24 (16%) achieved partial remission; and 4 (3%) experienced recurrence or progression during the follow-up period. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that tachypnea, co-infection, and underlying disease of the tumor were independent risk factors for compound adverse events (death, pulmonary embolism progression/recurrence, and at other sites) within 90 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The short-term mortality of children with pulmonary embolism was relatively low. Children with pulmonary embolism who had tachypnea, co-infection, or underlying disease of the tumor were at increased risk of compound adverse events within 90 days.</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"566-574"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of lateral positioning on upper airway morphology in sedated children under five.","authors":"Hui Li, Xuan Jia, Hui Ye, Jia-Wei Liang, Wen-Li Zhao, Ping Cui, Yaqi Sun, Deng-Ming Lai, Qiang Shu, Yue Jin, Guo-Hao Xie, Xiang-Ming Fang","doi":"10.1007/s12519-025-00910-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-025-00910-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The upper airway morphology in children varies with age and body position. This study aimed to analyze the impact of lateral positioning on the upper airway of sedated children under five.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included pediatric patients who underwent MRI in both the supine and lateral positions at Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Upper airway morphology was reconstructed using 3D Slicer software. Python was employed to estimate cross-sectional areas via pixel analysis. The narrowest cross-sectional area, minimal transverse and anteroposterior diameters, airway length, and airway volume were measured and stratified by age for subgroup analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In sedated children under 5 years old and when compared to the supine position, lateral positioning increased minimal transverse diameter by 18.70% (P = 0.001), narrowest cross-sectional area by 49.21% (P < 0.001), anteroposterior diameter by 25.54% (P < 0.001), airway volume by 65.64% (P < 0.001), and airway length by 11.93% (P < 0.001). In all subgroups, lateral positioning significantly increased the narrowest cross-sectional area, airway length, and airway volume. However, minimal anteroposterior diameter in the 1-to 3-year age group and minimal transverse diameter in the 3 -to 5-year age group tended to increase in the lateral position but did not reach statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lateral position significantly enlarges the upper airway in sedated children under five. These findings support using lateral position to enhance airway patency in younger patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"587-596"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic corticosteroid use and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants: a cohort study.","authors":"Adithya Shastry, Danish Ahmad, Alice Richardson, Barbara Bajuk, Traci-Anne Goyen, Pranav R Jani, Mohamed E Abdel-Latif","doi":"10.1007/s12519-025-00932-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-025-00932-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The risk-benefit balance and safety of postnatal corticosteroid use for chronic lung disease (PNCSCLD) in preterm infants is a controversial matter. Our objective was to determine the trends in the use of PNCSCLD over eleven years and to analyze the neurodevelopmental consequences of PNCSCLD in preterm infants at 18-42 months of corrected age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data for this retrospective population-based cohort study were obtained from ten tertiary neonatal intensive care units across New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, Australia. Preterm infants < 29⁺⁰ weeks' gestation born between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2017, who were alive at discharge, without any major congenital anomalies were included and analyzed based on their PNCSCLD status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over eleven years, 611 (14.3%) out of 4258 infants received PNCSCLD. Among the 3386 eligible infants, 2636 (77.8%) underwent neurodevelopmental follow-up and were included in the final analysis. The rate of PNCSCLD use increased from 12.4% in 2007 to 19.6% in 2017. Similarly, the rate of moderate to severe functional disability (MSFD) increased from 8.8% in 2007 to 16.1% in 2017. Propensity-adjusted analysis revealed a greater odds ratio (OR) for MSFD in the PNCSCLD group than in the control group [average treatment effect: OR = 1.252, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.185-1.322, P ≤ 0.001; average treatment effect on the treated group: OR = 1.104, 95% CI = 1.031-1.184, P = 0.005].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PNCSCLD use was associated with a greater incidence of MSFD. Clinicians should exercise caution when using PNCSCLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"575-586"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144512572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perioperative pain in children: an opioid-sparing perspective.","authors":"Ramón Eizaga Rebollar, Eduardo Manuel Lamadrid Castrillón, Carlos Chover Navarro, María Victoria García Palacios","doi":"10.1007/s12519-025-00925-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12519-025-00925-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23883,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Pediatrics","volume":" ","pages":"542-549"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}