X-Ray Spectrometry最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of macro x‐ray fluorescence and reflectance imaging spectroscopy for the semi‐quantitative analysis of pigments in easel paintings: A study on lead white and blue verditer","authors":"Luís Manuel de Almeida Nieto, F. Gabrieli, A. van Loon, Victor Gonzalez, J. Dik, R. Van de Plas, M. Alfeld","doi":"10.1002/xrs.3394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.3394","url":null,"abstract":"Macroscopic x‐ray fluorescence imaging spectroscopy (MA‐XRF) and reflectance imaging spectroscopy (RIS) are important tools in the analysis of cultural heritage objects, both for conservation and art historical research purposes. The elemental and molecular distributions provided by MA‐XRF and RIS respectively, are particularly useful for the identification and mapping of pigments in easel paintings. While MA‐XRF has relatively established data processing methods based on modeling of the underlying physics, RIS data cannot be modeled with sufficient precision and its processing has considerable room for improvements. This work seeks to improve RIS data processing workflows in the short wavelength infrared range (SWIR, 1000–2500 nm) with a novel method that fits Gaussian profiles to pigment‐specific absorption features, and we compare its performance to MA‐XRF for the task of semi‐quantitative pigment mapping, evaluating their limits of detection (LODs) and the matrix effects that affect their signals. Two pigments are considered in this work, lead white and blue verditer, which are mapped in SWIR RIS using the first overtone of OH stretching of their primary compounds, hydrocerussite (Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2) and azurite (Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2), at 1447 and 1497 nm respectively, and in MA‐XRF using the Pb‐L and Cu‐K fluorescence signals. The methods are evaluated using two sets of custom‐prepared paint samples, as well as a 16th‐century painting, discussing the identification, mapping, and semi‐quantitative analysis of the considered pigments. We found SWIR RIS to be a pigment‐specific method with a longer linear range but inferior LODs and penetration depth when compared to MA‐XRF, the latter is often not capable of discriminating between different pigments with identical elemental markers. We furthermore present a novel color scale that allows the simultaneous visualization of signals above and below a confidence limit.","PeriodicalId":23867,"journal":{"name":"X-Ray Spectrometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45138146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"News Article","authors":"Kenji Sakurai","doi":"10.1002/xrs.3393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.3393","url":null,"abstract":"Detection of single atom using soft X-ray spectroscopy (May 31, 2023) A research group at Argonne National Laboratory's APS synchrotron radiation facility has reported the detection of single atoms using synchrotron radiation X-rays (Tolulope M. Ajayi, Nozomi Shirato, Tomas Rojas, Sarah Wieghold, Xinyue Cheng, Kyaw Zin Latt, Daniel J. Trainer, Naveen K. Dandu, Yiming Li, Sineth Premarathna, Sanjoy Sarkar, Daniel Rosenmann, Yuzi Liu, Nathalie Kyritsakas, Shaoze Wang, Eric Masson, Volker Rose, Xiaopeng Li, Anh T. Ngo and Saw-Wai Hla, “Characterization of just one atom using synchrotron X-rays,” Nature, 618, 69–73 (2023) https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06011-w). This research was performed at XTIP21, a beamline equipped with an STM probe in an ultrahigh vacuum chamber that can simultaneously perform STM imaging and soft X-ray spectroscopy experiments. The research sample is a supramolecular assembly with a ring structure consisting of seven terpyridine-metal-terpyridine bridges, with six ruthenium atoms and one iron atom on the metal. First, the sample was imaged by STM, and then, under the same conditions, the X-ray energy near the L2,3 absorption edge of iron was scanned with a monochromator, and the excitation current was measured by the probe. The electric current changed at the absorption edge, indicating that a single atom could be detected. Since the X-ray signal was detected only when the probe was placed extremely close to the atom, X-ray excitation resonance tunneling is dominant, confirming the detection of atom localization in the tunneling region. Another sample in this study, a terbium complex, was also measured. In this complex, the terbium is firmly anchored by three brominated pyridine-2,6-dicarboxamide ligands. As with the previous sample, STM imaging was performed and the synchrotron radiation energy was varied near the M4,5 absorption edge of terbium under the same conditions and a single atom was detected. Some readers may ask whether such a measurement can be achieved with X-ray fluorescence. It would depend on the sample conditions. The analysis of very small numbers of atoms by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy is mainly limited by the background. If a sample has almost no background, in contrast to conventional X-ray analysis, it would theoretically be possible to detect a single atom. For example, if we have a sample in which only one atom is trapped in a fullerene, and the fullerene is placed in a carbon nanotube, it is possible to detect characteristic X-rays excited by electron beams with a semiconductor detector while observing the single atom with a transmission electron microscope. This was reported more than 10 years ago. For more details, see T. C. Lovejoy, Q. M. Ramasse, M. Falke, A. Kaeppel, R. Terborg, R. Zan, N. Dellby, and O. L. Krivanek, “Single atom identification by energy dispersive x- ray spectroscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 154101 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3701598, and Kazu Suenaga, Toshiya Okaz","PeriodicalId":23867,"journal":{"name":"X-Ray Spectrometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135835791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calendar Article","authors":"Kenji Sakurai","doi":"10.1002/xrs.3392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.3392","url":null,"abstract":"High Precision X-Ray Measurements 2023 INFN Laboratories of Frascati, Italy https://hpxm2023.github.io/ Observing Complex Systems in Space and Time with Tailormade X-Rays from Next-Generation Sources (Gordon X-ray Science Conference) Stonehill College, Easton, MA, USA https://www.grc.org/x-ray-science-conference/2023/ 11th International Topical Meeting on Industrial Radiation and Radioisotope Measurement Applications (IRRMA-11) Bologna, Italy https://irrma.ing.unibo.it/index.php/en/ 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2023) Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan https://www.icrc2023.org/ 25th National School on Neutron and X-ray Scattering (NX School) Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source and High Flux Isotope Reactor and virtual or hybrid experiments at Argonne's Advanced Photo Source, USA https://www.anl.gov/education/national-school-on-neutron-and-xray-scattering 72nd Annual Denver X-ray Conference (DXC 2023) The Westin Chicago Lombard, Lombard, Illinois, USA https://www.dxcicdd.com/ ACS Fall 2023 San Francisco, CA, USA https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/meetings/acs-meetings/about/future-meetings.html Q2XAFS 2023 (International Workshop on Improving Data Quality and Quantity in XAFS Spectroscopy) Australian Synchrotron, Australia https://www.ansto.gov.au/whats-on/q2xafs-2023-international-workshop-on-improving-data-quality-and-quantity-xafs 26th Congress and General Assembly of the International Union of Crystallography (IUCr 2023) Melbourne Convention & Exhibition Centre (MCEC), Australia https://iucr2023.org/ 6th International Hybrid Conference on X-ray Analysis (ICXRA-VI) Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia https://sites.google.com/view/icxra6/welcome 19th International Conference on Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence Analysis and Related Methods (TXRF2023) Clausthal University of Technology, Germany https://www.txrf2023.com/ S4SAS Conference 2023 Diamond Light Source, Oxfordshire, UK https://www.diamond.ac.uk/Home/Events/2023/S4SAS-Workshop-and-Conference.html SXR2023 – Principles of Functionality from Soft X-ray Spectroscopy Magnus-Haus, Berlin-Mitte, Germany https://www.helmholtz-berlin.de/events/sxr/index_en.html 13th International Conference on Instrumental Methods of Analysis (IMA-2023) Chania, Crete, Greece http://aclab.web.auth.gr/ima2023/ XRF user meeting (XRF 2023) Göteborg, Sweden https://www.trollboken.se/xrf ICDD Rietveld Refinement and Indexing ICDD Headquarters, Newtown Square, PA, USA https://www.icdd.com/rietveld/ 19th Biennial International Conference on Accelerator and Large Experimental Physics Control System Conference (ICALEPCS) 2023 Cape Town, South Africa https://icalepcs2023.org/ 2nd international workshop on laboratory-based X-ray spectroscopies for chemical speciation Technische Universität Berlin, Germany https://www.tu.berlin/en/axp/2nd-international-workshop-on-laboratory-based-spectroscopies Hard X-ray imaging of biological soft tissues symposium 2023 The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK https:/","PeriodicalId":23867,"journal":{"name":"X-Ray Spectrometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135835933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the iron sand collected from the foot of Mt. Aburayama (Fukuoka, Japan) for estimating the origin of archeological iron artifacts from northern Kyushu","authors":"S. Ichikawa, Yuta Ishikake, Yukiko Nishi, Satoshi Kawata, H. Yamakawa, T. Kurisaki","doi":"10.1002/xrs.3391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.3391","url":null,"abstract":"The iron sand around Mt. Aburayama (Fukuoka, Japan), where various ancient iron‐making sites are located, was investigated to establish a research infrastructure for identification of the raw material used in the archeological iron artifacts excavated from this area. Iron sand samples were magnetically collected from the rivers flowing in this area and nearby outcrop soil. The samples were qualitatively analyzed using Mössbauer spectroscopy and x‐ray diffractometry to identify the minerals present inside them. Additionally, the elemental concentrations in these samples were determined using x‐ray fluorescence spectrometry. The iron sand samples were characterized by comparing them with those from other Japanese regions using scatter diagrams developed based on the elemental concentrations in the samples. The scatter diagrams showed clear distinctions between the iron sand samples from the Mt. Aburayama area and other Japanese regions. These diagrams may enable us to clarify the relationship between the iron sand and archeological iron artifacts found in the vicinity of Mt. Aburayama.","PeriodicalId":23867,"journal":{"name":"X-Ray Spectrometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47902361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXRS2022: The 2022 edition of the European X‐ray Spectrometry conference, held in Bruges, Belgium","authors":"K. Janssens","doi":"10.1002/xrs.3386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.3386","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23867,"journal":{"name":"X-Ray Spectrometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47650194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Francis Williams: Shedding light on the production, materials and techniques of the portrait of a Jamaican scholar","authors":"L. N. Melita, Silvia Rita Amato, V. Risdonne, Laura Ledwina, Austin Nevin, L. Burgio","doi":"10.1002/xrs.3385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.3385","url":null,"abstract":"The Victoria and Albert Museum holds an important portrait of the Jamaican scholar and writer Francis Williams (c.1692/97–1762), portrayed as a scholar in his study. It is believed to have been painted around 1745 by an unknown artist, but the circumstances of its production are unknown. A technical examination of the painting was performed using x‐radiography and infrared reflectography (IRR), macro x‐ray fluorescence scanning (XRF), digital microscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive x‐ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX) and reflectance imaging spectroscopy in the short‐wave infrared (SWIR). XRF, IRR and reflectance imaging spectroscopy in the SWIR revealed the distribution of inorganic pigments including lead white, earth pigments, Prussian blue, vermilion, orpiment (or pararealgar) and bone or ivory black. Pentimenti and a different sketched landscape were observed in the IRR images, highlighting changes in the final composition. Three‐dimensional (3D) digital microphotography provided additional historical and contextual information through the observation of book titles and details. High‐resolution digital imaging complemented analytical data. Results of the technical examination revealed the material composition and the development of the painting, contributing to shed new light on the production of the portrait, the history and significance of the portrait.","PeriodicalId":23867,"journal":{"name":"X-Ray Spectrometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45078068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Super‐resolution reconstruction of vertebrate microfossil computed tomography images based on deep learning","authors":"Yemao Hou, Mario Canul‐Ku, Xindong Cui, Min Zhu","doi":"10.1002/xrs.3389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.3389","url":null,"abstract":"Micropaleontologists use the fine structures of microfossils to extract evolutionary information. These structures could not be directly observed with the naked eye. Recently, paleontologists resort to computed tomography (CT) images to mine the information, and pursue higher resolution CT images with in‐depth research. Therefore, we propose a new model, weighted super‐resolution generative adversarial network (WSRGAN), for the super‐resolution reconstruction of CT images. The model proposed herein (WSRGAN) obtained higher LPIPS (0.0757) on the experimental dataset, compared with Bilinear (0.4289), Bicubic (0.4166), EDSR (0.2281), WDSR (0.2640), and SRGAN (0.0815). WSRGAN meets the requirements of paleontologists for reconstructing fish microfossils. We hope that more super‐resolution reconstruction methods based on deep learning could be applied to paleontology and achieve better performance.","PeriodicalId":23867,"journal":{"name":"X-Ray Spectrometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46580178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Portable x‐ray fluorescence as a tool for assessing electric marks in forensic evaluation","authors":"S. Tambuzzi, L. Bonizzoni, Di Paola Francesco, Mazzarelli Debora, Caccia Giulia, Cattaneo Cristina","doi":"10.1002/xrs.3390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.3390","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23867,"journal":{"name":"X-Ray Spectrometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41641840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretation of x‐ray spectral data using self‐organising maps and hierarchical clustering: A study of Vilhelm Hammershøi's use of painting materials","authors":"G. Pastorelli, Annette S. Ortiz Miranda, Anne Haack Christensen","doi":"10.1002/xrs.3388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.3388","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23867,"journal":{"name":"X-Ray Spectrometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51368133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<scp>CT‐value</scp> conservation based spatial transformer network for cardiac motion correction","authors":"Xuan Xu, Peng Wang, Liyi Zhao, Guotao Quan","doi":"10.1002/xrs.3387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.3387","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Artifact correction is a great challenge in cardiac imaging. During the correction of coronary tissue with motion‐induced artifacts, the spatial distribution of CT value not only shifts according to the motion vector field (MVF), but also shifts according to the volume change rate of the local voxels. However, the traditional interpolation method does not conserve the CT value during motion compensation. A new sample interpolation algorithm is developed based on the constraint of conservation of CT value before and after image deformation. This algorithm is modified on the existing interpolation algorithms and can be embedded into neural networks with deterministic back propagation. Comparative experimental results illustrate that the method can not only correct motion‐induced artifacts, but also ensure the conservation of CT value in the region of interest (ROI) area, so as to obtain corrected images with clinically recognized CT value. Both effectiveness and efficiency are proved in forward motion correction process and backward training steps in deep learning. Simultaneously, using the network to learn the MVF making this method more interpretable than the existing image‐based end‐to‐end deep learning method.","PeriodicalId":23867,"journal":{"name":"X-Ray Spectrometry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135707306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}