World Mycotoxin Journal最新文献_第2页

Effects of the mycotoxins aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone on survival, biomass and toxin accumulation in Musca domestica larvae 霉菌毒素黄曲霉毒素 B1、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和玉米赤霉烯酮对家蚕幼虫存活率、生物量和毒素积累的影响

IF 2 4区医学

World Mycotoxin Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1163/18750796-20222826

K. Niermans, E.F. Hoek-van den Hil, R. van Dam, H.J. van der Fels-Klerx, Joop J. A. Van Loon

{"title":"Effects of the mycotoxins aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone on survival, biomass and toxin accumulation in Musca domestica larvae","authors":"K. Niermans, E.F. Hoek-van den Hil, R. van Dam, H.J. van der Fels-Klerx, Joop J. A. Van Loon","doi":"10.1163/18750796-20222826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18750796-20222826","url":null,"abstract":"Insects are receiving increasing attention as a possible ingredient for feed and/or food production. When used efficiently, insects can provide a sustainable and economically favourable contribution to global food security. Housefly larvae (HFL) can grow on a variety of organic side streams and upgrade them by partial conversion into high-quality protein. Organic side streams may be chemically contaminated by naturally occurring toxins, e.g. mycotoxins, therefore, effects on insect survival and biomass as well as other feed and/or food safety issues should be investigated. In this study, the HFL were exposed to a feed substrate spiked with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON) or zearalenone (ZEN) at concentrations of either 1 or 10 times the maximum levels or guidance values set for feed materials by the European Commission. Mortality and biomass of HFL were recorded over five days of exposure. LC-MS/MS analysis was used to determine the concentration of the mycotoxins in the substrate offered, the larvae and the residual feed material. A molar mass balance was calculated to estimate how much of the spiked mycotoxins (and several metabolites), was recovered in the larval body and the residual material. Exposure to either of the three mycotoxins did not affect larval mortality and biomass, and accumulation in the larval body did not take place. Metabolism does seem to occur for AFB1 and ZEN as the molar mass balance revealed an unrecovered fraction of ca. 40-50%. Little DON metabolism occurred as most of the initially present DON was found back unchanged. The results of this study support the potential for safe use of HFL as food- and/or feed when reared on mycotoxin contaminated side-streams, as accumulation of the tested mycotoxins did not take place in HFL. Further research is needed to identify the fate of the unrecovered fractions of AFB1 and ZEN.","PeriodicalId":23844,"journal":{"name":"World Mycotoxin Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139309545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of cleaning, milling, and cooking on the reduction of deoxynivalenol in freshly harvested rice 清洗、碾磨和烹饪对降低新收获稻米中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇含量的影响

IF 2 4区医学

World Mycotoxin Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1163/18750796-20222825

X.X. Chen, D.L. Wu, X.L. Wu, M. P. Mokoena, A.O. Olaniran, J.R. Shi, J.H. Xu, F. Dong

{"title":"Effect of cleaning, milling, and cooking on the reduction of deoxynivalenol in freshly harvested rice","authors":"X.X. Chen, D.L. Wu, X.L. Wu, M. P. Mokoena, A.O. Olaniran, J.R. Shi, J.H. Xu, F. Dong","doi":"10.1163/18750796-20222825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18750796-20222825","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium mycotoxins were frequently present in freshly harvested rice samples caused by Fusarium head blight in China recently. Due to the importance of rice and the risks associated with mycotoxins, the fate of Fusarium mycotoxins in rice was evaluated by physical methods. In the present study, a total of 157 freshly harvested rice samples were collected from fields in Jiangsu Province. Mycotoxin analysis showed that only Fusarium mycotoxins were found in these samples, with deoxynivalenol (DON) being the major mycotoxin. Twenty-three freshly harvested rice samples containing concentrations of DON higher than 200 μg/kg were selected for cleaning and milling. Compared with air or gravity separation, the combined air and gravity separation was the most effective cleaning method to decrease the content of DON. After milling, brown and white rice intended for human consumption presented lower level of DON than freshly harvested rice, husks, and bran. Three types of brown and white rice with different contents of DON were chosen for cooking. Compared with other treatments, preboiled was the most effective method to reduce DON in both brown and white rice. The results of this study improve our understanding of the transfer ratios of DON and the development of effective control measures during the postharvest stage.","PeriodicalId":23844,"journal":{"name":"World Mycotoxin Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139310647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biodegradation of aflatoxin B1 by Aspergillus terreus HNGD-TM15 and its degradation mechanism 土曲霉 HNGD-TM15 对黄曲霉毒素 B1 的生物降解及其降解机制

IF 2 4区医学

World Mycotoxin Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1163/18750796-20222806

T. Wu, M. Ning, S. Zhang, Y. Xie, Q. Li, S. Sun

引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of complementary sorting methods in reducing aflatoxin contamination in groundnuts 辅助分拣方法在减少落花生黄曲霉毒素污染方面的效果

IF 2 4区医学

World Mycotoxin Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1163/18750796-20222830

J. P. Mshanga, E.E. Makule, F.M. Ngure

{"title":"Effectiveness of complementary sorting methods in reducing aflatoxin contamination in groundnuts","authors":"J. P. Mshanga, E.E. Makule, F.M. Ngure","doi":"10.1163/18750796-20222830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18750796-20222830","url":null,"abstract":"Aflatoxin contamination of staple foods remains a public health concern in many tropical and sub-tropical countries. In sub-Saharan Africa, groundnuts are a significant source of aflatoxin (AF) in vulnerable populations such as infants and young children. However, there are limited scalable and affordable technological interventions to reduce the risk of aflatoxin ingestion in low and middle-income contexts. This study compared the effectiveness of complementary sorting methods in reducing AF contamination, time taken, and percentage loss of groundnuts. The study also evaluated bulk density and kernel weight as proxies for AF. Groundnuts were sampled from 19 bags at a medium-scale enterprise in Tanzania (Halisi) that processes cereal-based blended flours for complementary feeding. The samples were subjected to six sorting methods: (1) size (S) sorting, which yielded large and small fractions (n = 38); (2) density (D) sorting, which yielded heavy and light fractions (n = 38), (3) visual (V) sorting, (4) the combination of size and visual (SV), (5) the combination of density and visual (DV), and (6) the combination of size, density, and visual (SDV) which yielded grades 1, 2, 3, and 4 (n = 76). Samples of unsorted groundnuts and grades from all six sorting regimes (n = 418) were analysed for total aflatoxin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 5% significance level was used to compare AF reduction efficiency. Aflatoxin levels were reduced by 99% for the highest grade (G1) by the SDV sorting method. The SDV sorting method was the most effective in reducing AF contamination by removing 14% outsort (Grade 4) from 1 kg groundnut within 22 min. Bulk density and 100 kernels weight were inversely associated with AF, indicating their value as AF proxies. Scaling up such low-cost sorting methods can significantly reduce AF along the value chain and improve food safety.","PeriodicalId":23844,"journal":{"name":"World Mycotoxin Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139320042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biological reduction of aflatoxin M1 in dairy products using probiotic strains: a systematic review and meta-analysis 利用益生菌菌株从生物学角度减少乳制品中的黄曲霉毒素 M1：系统综述和荟萃分析

IF 2 4区医学

World Mycotoxin Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1163/18750796-20212761

L. Monjazeb Marvdashti, A. Emadi, M. Eslami, B. Yousefi, M. Arabameri, A. Abdolshahi, N. Shariatifar

{"title":"Biological reduction of aflatoxin M1 in dairy products using probiotic strains: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"L. Monjazeb Marvdashti, A. Emadi, M. Eslami, B. Yousefi, M. Arabameri, A. Abdolshahi, N. Shariatifar","doi":"10.1163/18750796-20212761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18750796-20212761","url":null,"abstract":"Aflatoxins are naturally occurring toxic substances produced mainly by species of the genus Aspergillus that can contaminate almost all foodstuffs. Apart from the harmful effects they have on human and animal health, they can be secreted unchanged in animal milk and cause contamination of milk and its products. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is the major and most toxic type of aflatoxin after aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The use of probiotic strains to reduce the amount of aflatoxin in milk and by-products has been observed in many studies. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, articles in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and ISI Web of Science were searched to find eligible studies that reported reduction of AFM1 using probiotics in dairy products. The results were pooled using a random-effects model. In most studies, the efficiency of probiotics in milk has been tested by Lactobacillus strains. The results indicated that probiotic microorganisms could significantly reduce AFM1 by 55.76% (confidence interval (CI): 54.35%, 57.16%; I2 = 100%). Besides, the rank order of AFM1 reduction in dairy products based on probiotic strain subgroup was: Lactobacillus 51.99% (CI: 50.14%, 53.85%, I2 = 100%), Saccharomyces 67.36% (CI: 65.05%, 69.67%, I2 = 100%), Bifidobacterium 54.80% (CI: 54.18%, 55.43%, I2 = 99.9%), and 61.90% (CI: 53.80%, 70.00%, I2 = 100%) by a mix of strains. Considering the high binding potential of AFM1 to probiotic strains, these microorganisms can be recommended as a safe system to reduce AFM1 in dairy products.","PeriodicalId":23844,"journal":{"name":"World Mycotoxin Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lessons learned from 16 editions of the World Mycotoxin Forum 50 years after the first international conference on mycotoxins 第一届霉菌毒素国际会议召开 50 年后，从 16 届世界霉菌毒素论坛中汲取的经验教训

IF 2 4区医学

World Mycotoxin Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1163/18750796-20232876

R. Krska, C. Elliott

{"title":"Lessons learned from 16 editions of the World Mycotoxin Forum 50 years after the first international conference on mycotoxins","authors":"R. Krska, C. Elliott","doi":"10.1163/18750796-20232876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18750796-20232876","url":null,"abstract":"On-going research and interdisciplinary networking among scientists and stakeholders are still needed for the development of affordable and practical tools for farmers and food processors to efficiently manage the risk of mycotoxin contamination along food and feed chains. In order to facilitate appropriate actions, thematic interlaboratory projects have been initiated, professional networking-organisations have been founded, dedicated journals have been started and mycotoxin conferences have been organised. The World Mycotoxin Forum (WMF) has established itself as a leading international networking conference series on mycotoxins where food and feed industry representatives meet with representatives from government, food authorities, food and feed industry and with people from universities and other research institutions from around the world. The WMF has gradually moved from food and feed related technological topics to international and regulatory issues and to mitigation strategies based on fungal and plant genetics, big data based decision support tools and sustainable solutions in view of climate change. Over all these years, the conclusions made from each WMF have been summarised by the general conference chair(s) as the ‘top 5 lessons learned’ on the last day of each conference. 50 years after the first international conference on mycotoxins organised by IPUAC in 1972, this article has compiled all ‘top 5 lessons learned’ presented at the 16 editions of the WMF and joint WMF/IUPAC events organised between 2001 and 2022. Since the first international conference on mycotoxins, much progress has been made in the prevention, reduction and control of mycotoxins. However, continuous attention and further efforts are still needed in order to tackle the complex issues of mycotoxin contamination especially in view of climate change and other global challenges on the horizon.","PeriodicalId":23844,"journal":{"name":"World Mycotoxin Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preharvest and postharvest management practices related to mycotoxin contamination in maize in Ethiopia – a review 与埃塞俄比亚玉米霉菌毒素污染有关的收获前和收获后管理方法--综述

IF 2 4区医学

World Mycotoxin Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1163/18750796-20232839

J.A. Sadik, N. Fentahun, I.D. Brouwer, M. Tessema, H. van der Fels-Klerx

引用次数: 0

New trends for the efficient bio-degradation of food contaminant zearalenone using a plant rhizobacterial strain: an in-vitro study 利用植物根菌菌株高效生物降解食品污染物玉米赤霉烯酮的新趋势:体外研究

IF 2 4区医学

World Mycotoxin Journal Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.3920/wmj2022.2798

B. Murtaza, X. Li, L. Dong, M. Saleemi, M. Iqbal, S. Majeed, G. Li, B. Jin, L. Wang, B. Chen, A. Khatoon, A. Ali, Y. Xu

{"title":"New trends for the efficient bio-degradation of food contaminant zearalenone using a plant rhizobacterial strain: an in-vitro study","authors":"B. Murtaza, X. Li, L. Dong, M. Saleemi, M. Iqbal, S. Majeed, G. Li, B. Jin, L. Wang, B. Chen, A. Khatoon, A. Ali, Y. Xu","doi":"10.3920/wmj2022.2798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3920/wmj2022.2798","url":null,"abstract":"Zearalenone (ZEN) is one of the most damaging and well-known toxins present in foods and animal feeds throughout the world. Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from maize roots through soil samples were able to completely remove ZEN from LB medium after a 72-h fermentation through the enzymatic degradation and absorption of the toxin. The removing properties, including ZEN concentrations, incubation pH, incubation temperatures, bacterial concentrations, culture supernatant, and cell wall effect on degradation were evaluated. The K. pneumoniae strain culture supernatant has a strong ability to remove ZEN, and the degradation rate was more than 70%. The cell wall also has a certain ability to remove ZEN up to 18.51%, while the bacterial content has almost 5.61% ability to degrade ZEN. The removal rate and degradation metabolites alpha/beta-zearalenol, alpha/beta-zearalanol, zearalanone, and ZEN-sulphate were evaluated and confirmed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry analyses. The mechanism of ZEN and its derivatives degradation by this bacterial strain will be further studied so that novel degrading enzymes can be isolated which can be used as bio-detoxifier.","PeriodicalId":23844,"journal":{"name":"World Mycotoxin Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47837296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The life and works of Professor Naresh Magan 纳雷什·马甘教授的生平与著作

IF 2 4区医学

World Mycotoxin Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.3920/wmj2023.x002

J. E. Hallsworth, A. Mswaka, Andrea Patriarca, C. Verheecke-vaessen, Angel Medina

引用次数: 1

Multi-mycotoxins analysis in post-harvest maize (Zea mays L.) grain from major producing areas of Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚主要产区收获后玉米(Zea mays L.)谷物多真菌毒素分析

IF 2 4区医学

World Mycotoxin Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.3920/wmj2022.2829

A. Mohammed, C. Seyoum, J. Yousuf, A. Mweetwa, J. Odera, D. Okello, Z. Bekeko, T. Tadessa, M. Sulyok

{"title":"Multi-mycotoxins analysis in post-harvest maize (Zea mays L.) grain from major producing areas of Ethiopia","authors":"A. Mohammed, C. Seyoum, J. Yousuf, A. Mweetwa, J. Odera, D. Okello, Z. Bekeko, T. Tadessa, M. Sulyok","doi":"10.3920/wmj2022.2829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3920/wmj2022.2829","url":null,"abstract":"Mycotoxins are the most notorious compounds contaminating food crops in the production chains, in which cereals and nuts are primarily infected. The present study was aimed at determining multi-mycotoxins in maize grain samples collected at post-harvest stages across the main maize producing districts of Ethiopia. Then, 80 maize samples were collected from three districts (Bako, Ilu Gelan and Oda Bultum) and were analysed by LC-MS/MS. A total of 114 metabolites were with Penicillium and Aspergillus metabolites being positively identified in 26.3 and 18.4% of the samples, respectively. Among the mycotoxins addressed by regulatory limits, deoxynivalenol was detected in 85% of samples with the maximum level of 2,530 μg/kg, while zearalenone was detected in 81%, with levels as high as 3,750 μg/kg. A marked difference was observed across the study locations in the study areas, in which significant difference (P<0.005) of mycotoxin contamination recorded. For instances, of the total sample, contamination was detected on 78.1% in Oda Bultum followed by Ilu Gelan which was detected on 73.7% of the total samples with less proportion of contaminated from Bako district (68.4%). Different mycotoxins of regulated, binding or masked and emerging mycotoxin were also simultaneously detected in the samples. Intervention strategies which can reduce mycotoxin contamination along the maize value chains are required to combat the mycotoxin problems. Further, multi-season studies over multiple agro-ecologies are suggested for the county.","PeriodicalId":23844,"journal":{"name":"World Mycotoxin Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48186275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0