Zaporozhye Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Heterogeneity of phenotypic manifestations of cystic fibrosis in children and predictors of the disease severity","authors":"BС С. І К. В. Скрябіна A, Ільченко, F. E","doi":"10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.258359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.258359","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to investigate the heterogeneity of phenotypic manifestations of cystic fibrosis (CF) in children depending on the CFTR gene mutation and to determine predictors of the disease severity for the personalization of treatment and prevention of complications.\u0000Materials and methods. Fifty-nine children with CF, aged 1 to 18 years (mean age was 12.0 (8.5; 15.0) years), were examined. All patients underwent general clinical, genetic, laboratory and microbiological examination. Instrumental methods of examination included spirometry, chest X-ray and computed tomography, ultrasound densitometry. According to the functional effects of CFTR mutations, the patients were divided into two groups. The group with “severe” genotypes (n = 40) included patients with two class I and/or II mutations, and the group with “mild” genotypes (n = 10) included patients with at least one class IV or V mutation. Mutations were not identified in 9 patients.\u0000Results. Analysis of the spectrum of genetic variants in the CFTR gene showed that 10 patients (20.0 %) were identified with the “mild” genotype, and 40 patients (80.0 %) with the “severe” genotype. The most common mutation was F508del predominantly in the compound heterozygous state (42.4 %). It was found that patients with the “mild” genotype were characterized by a more favorable course of the disease than patients with the “severe” genotype. No statistically significant phenotypic features of the CF course in children depending on the F508del mutation status (F508del/F508del or F508del/nonF508del) were found, except for earlier formation of pulmonary hypertension in patients with the homozygous condition (47.1% vs 16.0 %, P < 0.05).\u0000Conclusions. Examination of the relationship between CFTR genotype and phenotype has revealed associations between CFTR mutations and lesion severity of both the digestive and bronchopulmonary systems. Identification of disease severity predictors can provide a more accurate prediction of the disease course, that will determine the patient management and prevent the development of complications.","PeriodicalId":23832,"journal":{"name":"Zaporozhye Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91079320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of surgical treatment of distal biceps tendon ruptures","authors":"M. S. Lisunov, M. L. Holovakha, M. O. Kozhеmiaka","doi":"10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.261148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.261148","url":null,"abstract":"Rupture of the distal biceps tendon is an injury that most often affects men of working age, so the time and quality of rehabilitation is of great socio-economic importance. Conservative treatment in most cases is impractical, as it leads to a significant increase in treatment time and period of incapacity and does not provide a satisfactory recovery of functions. The main problems of surgical treatment of the distal biceps tendon rupture of the shoulder are considered in the article. Today, there are many methods of surgical treatment, including anchor fixation to the hump of the radial bone; fixation of the distal biceps tendon by using an oval-shaped cortical button fixator, etc. The article presents the main methods of treatment, their advantages and disadvantages.\u0000The aim of the study. To improve the results of surgical treatment of distal biceps brachii tendon rupture by reducing the recovery time and reducing the proportion of complications using a modified technique of button fixation.\u0000Materials and methods. The study was performed by retrospective analysis of the surgical treatment results of 35 patients with fresh rupture of the distal biceps tendon, who were divided into two groups – operated with anchor fixator (n = 15) and cortical button fixator (n = 20). Functional outcomes were assessed by the DASH scale in 3 days, 2 weeks, 6 weeks and 3 months after the intervention; pain intensity was measured by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) after 3 days and 2 weeks at rest, after 6 weeks and 3 months – during exercise; the time of surgery was evaluated.\u0000Results. There was a statistically significant improvement in the DASH score at 6 weeks and 3 months after intervention in the cortical fixator group (P = 0.008 and P = 0.003, respectively). Cortical fixation surgery required less surgical time (P = 0.0016) and was accompanied by less pain in the early postoperative period (P = 0.0015).\u0000Conclusions. Surgical intervention with the proposed method takes less operating time, requires a shorter period of immobilization, is accompanied by lower risks for loss of the retainer stability. Features of the proposed intervention technique avoid heterotopic ossification. Early onset of active movements can accelerate the functional restoration of the injured limb. Surgical intervention with the proposed method requires less surgical access, accompanied by lower pain intensity in the early postoperative period.","PeriodicalId":23832,"journal":{"name":"Zaporozhye Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86569919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma level of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the diagnosis of episodic migraine with comorbid conditions","authors":"O. Dubenko, A. O. Chernenko","doi":"10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.261741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.261741","url":null,"abstract":"Comorbid and co-occurring diseases are risk factors for the progression of episodic migraine to chronic migraine. Biomarkers for migraine could help with diagnosis and treatment selection and monitoring.\u0000Aim. To examine the role of the plasma level of calcitonin-gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the diagnosis of episodic migraine in combination with comorbid conditions in the form of cervicalgia and psychoemotional disorders.\u0000Materials and methods. The study included 112 patients (84 women, 28 men; mean age 18-58 years), episodic migraine with typical aura – 17, without aura – 60. Patients were divided into 3 groups: I – episodic migraine with cervicalgia (n = 42), II – episodic migraine only (n = 35), III – cervicalgia only (n = 35).\u0000The Visual Analogue Scale, Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) score, Headache Impact Test (HIT-6), Neck Disability Index, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck’s Depression Inventory and the number of days with headache were assessed. The control group consisted of 30 healthy persons to compare the level of CGRP. The serum level of CGRP was determine by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the sandwich ELISA principle.\u0000Results. Plasma level of CGRP was higher in groups I and II compared with group III (P = 0.012543), where it did not differ from the control (51.48 ± 5.08 pg/ml). The highest level of CGRP was observed in group I (242.98 ± 5.08 pg/ml) in comparison with group II (145.82 ± 15.38 pg/ml, P = 0.000341). Co-occurring neck-pain in patients with episodic migraine was associated with mood and anxiety disorders.\u0000Migraine severity, according to the MIDAS score, was most significantly influenced by plasma level of CGRP, severity of subjective and objective symptoms of headache by the HIT-6, level of State-anxiety and Trait-anxiety, number of days with headache during the last 3 months.\u0000Conclusions. The serum level of CGRP is a reliable diagnostic and differential diagnostic laboratory biomarker for episodic migraine. Additional painful syndrome such as cervicalgia influences CGRP level and daily activity, mood and anxiety disorders in episodic migraine patients.","PeriodicalId":23832,"journal":{"name":"Zaporozhye Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76295274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bleeding after endoscopic intervention for the major duodenal papilla (a literature review)","authors":"D. Syvolap","doi":"10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.264473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.264473","url":null,"abstract":"Endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy (EST) is the cornerstone of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), and bleeding is one of the most common complications after performing EST. The frequency of bleeding after EST varies greatly from 1.0 % to 48.0 %. Clinically, bleeding can range from minor to life-threatening.\u0000The aim of the work was to find out the frequency and risk factors for immediate, delayed and recurrent bleeding after EST, ways of prevention and the most effective methods of treatment for this complication based on the meta-analysis results of recent years.\u0000Conclusions. Bleeding after endoscopic papillosphincterotomy is a common complication with a mortality rate of 1.2–9.0 %. Independent risk factors are liver cirrhosis, duodenal ulcer, end-stage renal failure, hemodialysis, duration of the procedure, prior use of antiplatelet drugs, especially in patients with a low level of platelets (<100,000/μL), and elderly individuals (>80 years). The risk of bleeding after EST does not depend on the size of papillectomy, and the preventive use of proton pump inhibitors does not reduce the risk of bleeding after EST.\u0000The advantages of endoscopic papillary balloon dilatation in reducing the risk of bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis and in individuals on hemodialysis have been proven. The use of stents (FC-SEMS) is recognized as an effective hemostatic approach to refractory bleeding after EST but is limited in using due to the high cost and additional stent removal procedure. Endoscopic application of peptide hemostatic gel is considered as a third-line hemostatic strategy for bleeding after performing EST.","PeriodicalId":23832,"journal":{"name":"Zaporozhye Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85619782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacogenic and neurologic components of residual condition in schizophrenia","authors":"V. Chuhunov, V. I. Darii, D. Safonov, A. Horodokin","doi":"10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.259924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.259924","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To systematize neuroleptic-induced and neurologic components of residual condition in schizophrenia.\u0000Materials and methods. 100 patients of Communal Non-Profit Enterprise “Regional Clinical Institution for the Provision of Psychiatric Care” of Zaporizhzhia Regional Council with diagnosis of recurrent schizophrenia (ICD-10: F20.5) were examined.\u0000Results. The study has found correlations between pharmacotherapy and cerebrovascular pathology with positive and negative symptoms of residual schizophrenia. Noticeable positive correlations were established between specific antipsychotic prescriptions and positive negative schizophrenia symptoms, while only minor correlations with negative symptoms were found.\u0000Analysis of cerebrovascular pathology with positive and negative symptoms showed that most noticeable positive correlations were anterior area stroke with hallucinations.\u0000Overall dominance of negative correlations over positive ones showed possible trend of “forced normalization” caused by cerebrovascular pathology of schizophrenia manifestations in recurrent condition, which was, however, also minor.\u0000Conclusions. The study has found correlations between pharmacotherapy and cerebrovascular pathology with positive and negative symptoms of residual schizophrenia. The concept of “antipsychotic course experience” was introduced.","PeriodicalId":23832,"journal":{"name":"Zaporozhye Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91176543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between the skeletal muscle state, lipid metabolism disorders and the development of insulin resistance in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus","authors":"H. O. Lezhenko, O. Pashkova, N. Chudova","doi":"10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.261182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.261182","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study. To establish a possible association between the skeletal muscles state, changes in lipid metabolism and the development of insulin resistance in children with type I diabetes mellitus.\u0000Materials and methods. 98 children with type 1 diabetes, aged from 11 to 17 years, were examined. Children were divided into 3 groups depending on the state of skeletal muscles: the first group – 22 children without disorders of the muscular system; the second group – 42 children with dynapenia; the third group – 34 patients with diabetic myopathy. The control group – 30 conditionally healthy children. The groups were representative by age, sex, and body mass index.\u0000Children were subjected to examinations of skeletal muscle mass and fat mass, followed by calculation of the skeletal muscle index and body fat percentage, sonomyography of the anterior group of thigh muscles with their thickness determination, measurements of the degree and coefficient of muscle hypotrophy, fasting blood glucose level, serum cholesterol, triglycerides and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index. Insulin resistance was diagnosed when the TyG index was higher than 4.33 c. u.\u0000Results. It was found that the development of diabetic myopathy, in addition to a decrease in muscle mass, was characterized by a redistribution of the body component composition due an increase in the fat mass proportion. These changes were accompanied by a disturbance of lipid metabolism in the form of increase in serum cholesterol level, triglycerides and TyG index, which was 4.33 c. u. higher in 32.4 % of children with diabetic myopathy, and in 9.5 % of children with dynapenia, while among patients with normal state of the muscular system, the TyG index exceeded the threshold value in no case. Comparison of clinical and laboratory indicators depending on the TyG index level found an increase in the fat mass proportion, a violation of glycemic control, an increase in the daily dose of insulin, appearance of combined hyperlipidemia and the dawn phenomenon in children with an indicator that was higher than 4.33 c. u. All these were indicative of the insulin resistance development.\u0000Conclusions. Skeletal muscle dysfunction in children with type 1 diabetes is a causal risk factor for the development of insulin resistance, a sensitive marker of which is the TyG index. The simplicity of calculating this indicator allows it to be used in daily clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":23832,"journal":{"name":"Zaporozhye Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83406048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery in the treatment of nephrolithiasis","authors":"Yа. M. Postol, A. Sahalevych, R. V. Serhiichuk, A. Korytskyi, V. Ozhohin, Yaroslav Dubovyi, A. Khrapchuk","doi":"10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.259771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.259771","url":null,"abstract":"Urolithiasis is one of the most common urological conditions (30–45 %), peaking in the 4th–6th decades of life. About 50 % of patients have one recurrent episode of nephrolithiasis during their lifetime, and among the operated patients, more than 10–15 % of individuals report recurrences with the need for repeated surgical treatment.\u0000Increasing the incidence of nephrolithiasis in the world requires the development of new and improvement of existing methods of surgical treatment, which would be characterized by a high level of efficiency and low invasiveness with minimal complications and postoperative rehabilitation. The use of a combination of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and flexible ureteronephrolithotripsy, especially in complex cases of urolithiasis, can increase the safety and improve the treatment of nephrolithiasis by combining the positive qualities of both methods.\u0000Aim. To summarize the data of the world scientific literature on the treatment of nephrolithiasis by studying a combination of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and retrograde or antegrade flexible intrarenal surgery based on the evaluation of their effectiveness and safety.\u0000Materials and methods. The literature review was conducted using the databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Scopus for the period 2015–2022. The following keywords were used for the search: surgical treatment of nephrolithiasis, endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery (ECIRS), percutaneous nephrolithotomy, retrograde intrarenal surgery, simultaneous use of flexible ureterorenoscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy, simultaneous use of flexible ureterorenoscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy.\u0000Conclusions. The use of ECIRS increases the effectiveness of one-stage treatment of nephrolithiasis with minimal complications and reduces the number of re-operations required. Treatment of complex forms of nephrolithiasis may be a priority for ECIRS. The main disadvantages of ECIRS are the need for simultaneous operation of two operating surgeons and the availability of two sets of endoscopic equipment, which make this procedure expensive.","PeriodicalId":23832,"journal":{"name":"Zaporozhye Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77227812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of different angiotensin II receptor blockers on the stiffness of the large arteries and effectiveness of therapy","authors":"O. Rekovets, Y. Sirenko, O. Torbas","doi":"10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.260492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2022.6.260492","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the method of determining the Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) has been introduced into clinical practice, which can be used to determine changes in the stiffness of the large arteries regardless of changes in blood pressure (BP).\u0000Aim. To compare the effect of 12-month angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) therapy with olmesartan, azilsartan and telmisartan on the large arteries stiffness based on the CAVI determination.\u0000Material and methods. The study included 126 patients (57 men, 69 women) with hypertension, who were selected to compare the effect of ARB drug therapy on the arterial stiffness by CAVI: olmesartan, azilsartan and telmisartan for 12 months. All patients had mild and moderate hypertension. The patients underwent the following examinations: office BP measurement, ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), biochemical blood test, echocardiogram, CAVI, registration of side effects.\u0000Results. The average office systolic BP (SBP) throughout the group was 152.56 ± 1.00 mm Hg, office diastolic BP (DBP) – 94.83 ± 0.58 mm Hg, heart rate (HR) – 72.46 ± 0.80 bpm, 24-hour SBP – 135.60 ± 0.96 mm Hg, 24-hour DBP – 82.41 ± 0.84 mm Hg, 24-hour HR – 71.88 ± 0.89 beats/min., CAVI on the right – 7.89 ± 0.27, CAVI on the left – 8.00 ± 0.31. Office and ambulatory BP indicators were decreased equally in all groups. In the olmesartan group, CAVI was significantly decreased by 7 % on the right (P < 0.05) and 5 % on the left (P < 0.05). In the telmisartan group, CAVI was decreased by 6 % on the right (P < 0.05) and 5 % on the left (P < 0.05). In the azilsartan group, CAVI was significantly decreased by 5 % both on the right (P < 0.05) and left (P < 0.05).\u0000Conclusions. Long-term antihypertensive therapy with three different AT II receptor blockers, olmesartan, azilsartan, and telmisartan has helped to reduce stiffness of the large arteries according to CAVI by 5–7 % from the initial level.","PeriodicalId":23832,"journal":{"name":"Zaporozhye Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85992896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic lymphoproliferative diseases and cardiovascular risk (a literature review)","authors":"B. Samura, M. Panasenko","doi":"10.14739/2310-1210.2022.5.266062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2022.5.266062","url":null,"abstract":"Heart dysfunction that occurred after using of anticancer drugs and monoclonal antibodies may be a limit factor in treatment of chronic lymphoproliferative diseases (CLPD). Cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity include hypotension, hypertension, arrhythmias, conduction disturbances, pericarditis, thromboembolic events, heart failure, death. The risk of cardiotoxicity may be increased by some factors that include drug exposure, age, history of heart diseases, arterial hypertension, drug combination, previous radiotherapy or chemotherapy.\u0000The aim of the work is to assess the impact of anticancer treatment on the occurrence of cardiovascular events in patients with CLPD according to the world scientific literature data.\u0000It is important to detect the cardiovascular toxicity before the development of clinical manifestations of damage to the myocardium and blood vessels. The role of markers in identifying the risk group of adverse cardiovascular events remains unclear. Early diagnostics and determination of prognostic factors of cardiovascular toxicity, which develop after anticancer therapy of CLPD, are important and not solved problems.\u0000Conclusions. The prognosis for the development of cardiovascular events after antitumor treatment of CLPD remains unfavorable. Clinical monitoring, imaging methods, determination of the biomarker levels (natriuretic peptides, troponins) for cardiotoxicity risk stratification are recommended during antitumor treatment to identify early signs and risk of cardiotoxicity. The use of the latest biomarkers and their combinations may be a way to improve the assessment of the cardiotoxicity risk in CLPD. To date, there is no sufficient evidence on the feasibility of routine determining these biomarkers, which indicates the need to plan new studies.","PeriodicalId":23832,"journal":{"name":"Zaporozhye Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75264603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extrapulmonary manifestations of coronavirus disease (COVID-19): current status (a literature review)","authors":"O. Riabokon, K. Pak, Y. Riabokon, O. O. Furyk, V. V. Cherkaskyi","doi":"10.14739/2310-1210.2022.5.259096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14739/2310-1210.2022.5.259096","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is to analyze the literature data on modern views concerning extrapulmonary manifestations of coronavirus disease (COVID-19).\u0000Based on the analysis of current publications, the article analyzes the clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a multisystem disorder with two main types of clinical manifestations, namely pulmonary and extrapulmonary. Determining pathogenetic mechanisms of extrapulmonary symptoms are, on the one hand, the tropism of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 receptors, expressed not only by alveolar epithelial type II cells, but also by cells of the heart, nervous system, vascular endothelium, small and large intestine, basal layer cells of the epidermis, cells of endocrine organs, etc., and on the other hand, immune-dependent mechanisms, in particular the development of “cytokine storm”.\u0000It is shown that the spectrum of extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 is very wide, and clinical manifestations are characterized by significant polymorphism. Extrapulmonary symptoms of COVID-19 were analyzed considering the organs of the gastrointestinal tract, nervous, cardiovascular and endocrine systems, skin and others. Attention is drawn to a certain association between definite extrapulmonary manifestations and the severity of COVID-19 course.\u0000Thus, particular extrapulmonary manifestations are associated with a milder course of COVID-19 (anosmia, dysgeusia, etc.), others, vice versa, occur in severe disease (damage to liver, kidney, heart, pancreas). In addition, some extrapulmonary manifestations, especially of the nervous system, may remain in patients even after an acute period of the disease. Some extrapulmonary manifestations, which are currently described in a small number of patients, are also reviewed.\u0000Conclusions. COVID-19 is characterized by a wide range and high frequency of extrapulmonary manifestations, which is explained by both the direct action of SARS-CoV-2 and immune-dependent mechanisms. Some extrapulmonary manifestations are associated with a milder course of COVID-19, others, on the contrary, occur in severe disease.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":23832,"journal":{"name":"Zaporozhye Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74358705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}