Acta Biomaterialia最新文献

{"title":"Volumetric imaging of Young’s modulus and nonlinear elasticity on the micro-scale","authors":"Kai L. Metzner,&nbsp;Rowan W. Sanderson,&nbsp;Jiansha Wu,&nbsp;Rhys Jones,&nbsp;Juliana Hamzah,&nbsp;Qi Fang,&nbsp;Brendan F. Kennedy","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compression optical coherence elastography (OCE) provides micro-scale imaging of tissue and biomaterial mechanical properties in three dimensions (3-D), showing promise in a range of biomedical applications. Despite substantial progress, most 3-D OCE techniques do not account for the nonlinear elastic response of tissue, resulting in deformation-dependent variations in estimated Young’s modulus within an image that reduce reliability and confound comparison both within and between samples. In this work, we overcome these limitations by explicitly accounting for sample deformation and present the first 3-D images of the nonlinear elastic response of tissue, parameterized into Young’s modulus and a nonlinear parameter, a capability not previously achieved in OCE or any other elastography modality. To achieve this, we introduce a volumetric, sparsely sampled, phase-based stretch estimation protocol to quantify finite sample deformation and estimate the nonlinear elastic response from between five and nine volumes. We also use an integrated stress sensing layer to minimize temporally varying friction. We validate these new capabilities on phantoms, demonstrating volumetric estimation of the nonlinear elastic response, with mean errors &lt;20 %, compared to &gt;50 % without the integrated layer. Finally, we apply this technique to <em>ex vivo</em> mouse liver, imaging Young’s modulus and the nonlinear parameter in healthy and diseased tissue. This method enables more accurate and reliable mechanical characterization of tissue with potential applications in many areas, including tissue engineering, mechanobiology, and disease diagnostics.</div></div><div><h3>Statement of significance</h3><div>Compression optical coherence elastography (OCE) provides micro-scale imaging of tissue mechanical properties in three dimensions (3-D). However, most 3-D OCE techniques do not account for the nonlinear elastic response of tissue, leading to errors in the reported elasticity. In this work, we overcome these limitations and present a technique to volumetrically image the nonlinear elastic response of tissue, a capability not previously achieved in elastography. By parameterizing the nonlinear elastic response into Young’s modulus and a nonlinear parameter, our method enables more accurate mechanical characterization and additional contrast for differentiating tissue microstructure. These results establish a foundation for volumetric imaging of nonlinear tissue elasticity using OCE in a range of biomedical applications, including tissue engineering, mechanobiology, and disease diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"225 ","pages":"Pages 578-594"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149120078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metformin-loaded multi-enzymatic metal-organic framework nanozyme mediates metabolic reprogramming via multiple energy blockades to boost tumor immunotherapy","authors":"Longyue He,&nbsp;Tiemin Li,&nbsp;Liye Wang,&nbsp;Wei Wang,&nbsp;Linna Chang,&nbsp;Zhou Shen,&nbsp;Lining Zhao,&nbsp;Xiaoping Yin,&nbsp;Leyong Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.10.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.10.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glycolytic metabolism of tumor cells suppresses the activity of immune cells, and multiple blocking energy supply and remodeling the metabolic microenvironment are important strategies to enhance immunotherapy. Using manganese-doped porphyrin metal-organic framework (MOF) as a carrier, by depositing ultrasmall Au nanoparticle (AuNPs), loading metformin (MET) and coating polydopamine (PDA), an integrated MOF@Au/MET@PDA nanozyme with multi-enzyme activity was constructed for enhancing antitumor immunotherapy. MOF@Au/MET@PDA nanozyme possessed glutathione peroxidase/glucose oxidase/peroxidase/catalase-like activity, by which the reactive oxygen species generation was greatly enhanced, and the mitochondrial function was damaged. Moreover, by consuming glucose and inhibiting the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate, the MOF@Au/MET@PDA nanozyme effectively blocked the energy supply and hindered glycolysis. Furthermore, the MOF@Au/MET@PDA nanozyme up-regulated the Caspase 3/7 level and down-regulated the expression of programmed death ligand-1, by which the apoptosis was induced and the immunogenic cell death was triggered. Under the combined immunotherapy, the immune response was activated, and the primary and metastatic tumors were greatly inhibited, proving the strong immune effect of MOF@Au/MET@PDA nanozyme.</div></div><div><h3>Statement of Significance</h3><div>Tumor metabolic plasticity undermines the efficacy of single-pathway immunotherapy. In this work, a multi-enzymatic MOF@Au/MET@PDA nanozyme is engineered to mediate metabolic reprogramming by blocking energy supply through glucose depletion and suppression of glycolysis/oxidative phosphorylation. It amplifies oxidative stress, triggers ICD, down-regulates PD-L1, and remodels the immunosuppressive microenvironment. This nanozyme effectively inhibits primary breast tumors and lung metastasis, providing a metabolic-reprogramming strategy to boost tumor immunotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"225 ","pages":"Pages 790-804"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149148796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Gastric ulcers: Biomaterial-based strategies for tissue regeneration and future perspectives on environment-designed biomaterials” [Acta Biomaterialia 222 (2026) 95-109]","authors":"Caio F.C. Souza,&nbsp;Inês Vilela de Sousa,&nbsp;Henrique Fernandes-Mendes,&nbsp;Ricardo Marcos-Pinto,&nbsp;Alvaro Mata,&nbsp;Helena S. Azevedo,&nbsp;Pedro L. Granja","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.09.050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.09.050","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"225 ","pages":"Page 913"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroactive fibrous scaffolds for tendon repair: From bioelectric microenvironment engineering to motion-driven and remotely activated stimulation","authors":"Jiamin Peng,&nbsp;Shasha Wang,&nbsp;Xuanming Zhang,&nbsp;Fujun Wang,&nbsp;Lu Wang,&nbsp;Jifu Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tendon injuries rank among the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders. Their clinical treatment remains challenging due to the inherently poor self-healing capacity and highly ordered hierarchical architecture of native tendon tissues. In recent years, electroactive fiber-based biomaterials have attracted growing attention in the field of tendon regeneration, attributed to their unique capability to mimic the fibrous microstructure of natural tissues while providing therapeutic electrical stimulation throughout tissue repair. In this review, recent advances in electroactive fibrous scaffolds for tendon repair are summarized, with particular focus on their biological functions and regenerative potential. First, the review introduces the bioelectrical microenvironment of native tendon tissues and explains its importance in tissue remodeling and healing. Then, the fundamental design strategies of biomimetic fibrous scaffolds are discussed, including fiber architecture, mechanical characteristics, and commonly used fabrication techniques. Different categories of electroactive material systems and electrically assisted repair approaches are then presented, including conductive scaffolds for wired electrical stimulation, piezoelectric scaffolds that generate electrical signals through physiological-motion-driven stimulation, and externally activated systems such as ultrasound (US) or magnetic fields (MF). Recent progress in intelligent electrotherapeutic platforms that integrate sensing, stimulation, and adaptive regulation into one integrated system is also outlined. Finally, current challenges associated with the clinical translation of electroactive fibrous scaffolds are analyzed, and prospective research directions in this field are proposed.</div></div><div><h3>Statement of Significance</h3><div>Electroactive fibrous scaffolds provide a unique opportunity to reconstruct both the anisotropic architecture and the bioelectrical microenvironment of injured tendon. However, fibrous scaffold design, electroactive materials, and electrical stimulation have largely been reviewed as separate topics. This review integrates these areas from a fiber-centered perspective and establishes a structure–property–stimulation–regeneration framework linking fiber alignment, hierarchical assembly, and functional-component distribution with mechanical behavior, electrical transduction, and tendon-regenerative responses. Conductive, motion-driven piezoelectric, remotely activated, and monitoring-enabled systems are critically compared within this framework. By defining how electroactive functions can be engineered through fibrous architecture, this review provides design principles for advancing passive tendon scaffolds toward programmable regenerative biointerfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"225 ","pages":"Pages 21-40"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148889764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic proline-based deep eutectic solvent enables low-toxicity microdroplet cryopreservation of 3D cell spheroids","authors":"Xi Chen,&nbsp;Taijie Zhan,&nbsp;Hangyu Dang,&nbsp;Hengxin Han,&nbsp;Ning Guo,&nbsp;Yi Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.09.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.09.032","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Establishing in vitro organoid biobanks—three-dimensional (3D) self-organized microtissues derived from stem cells or patient tissues—holds great value for clinical disease modeling, drug screening, and regenerative medicine applications. However, current cryopreservation approaches are often constrained by the use of chemically harsh cryoprotectants (CPAs) and multi-step operation procedures, which may compromise biological integrity and limit practical applicability. To address these challenges, we report a low-toxicity cryopreservation strategy that integrates an L‑proline‑based deep eutectic solvent (DES) with controlled evaporative dehydration (CED) under negative pressure, thereby reducing reliance on high concentrations of conventional CPAs during the microdroplet cryopreservation of 3D cell spheroids. As a proof-of-concept study, NIH/3T3 spheroids were used as a reproducible 3D model to evaluate the feasibility of this strategy. The amino acid architecture of &lt;span&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;-proline DES provides intrinsic biocompatibility, abundant hydrogen-bonding sites, and strong water-structuring capacity, enabling the formation of a protective microenvironment around 3D spheroids while reducing dependence on CPAs. During CED, the L‑proline DES establishes a non‑permeating protective microenvironment around spheroids, significantly alleviating osmotic injury. A low concentration of DMSO was introduced to form a binary synergistic system that optimized cryoprotectant mass transfer and intracellular concentration dynamics, thereby providing coordinated extracellular and intracellular protection during microdroplet quenching. Quenching after 4–6 min of CED was identified as the optimal cryopreservation window. Under these conditions, post-warming viability was approximately 30 percentage points higher than that obtained with conventional slow freezing. Further molecular analyses demonstrated that this &lt;span&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;-proline DES system was associated with enhanced antioxidant defense and attenuation of ferroptosis-related oxidative injury. This work establishes an amino acid-derived DES system for CED-based microdroplet cryopreservation and elucidates its cryoprotective mechanisms at macroscopic and microscopic levels. Crucially, it offers an efficient, low-toxicity strategy for preserving complex 3D biological systems.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Statement of significance&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Cryopreservation of three-dimensional cell spheroids remains challenging because dense multicellular architectures limit cryoprotectant transport and increase sensitivity to osmotic and chemical injury. Here, we develop a biomaterial-enabled cryopreservation strategy combining an &lt;span&gt;l&lt;/span&gt;-proline-based deep eutectic solvent with controlled evaporative dehydration (CED). This approach reduces dependence on high DMSO concentrations while enabling ice-free preservation and high post-thaw viability of 3D spheroids. Mechanistically, the DES-rich microenvironment buffers dehyd","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"225 ","pages":"Pages 711-724"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and mechanical insights into the extracellular matrix of the aging human lacrimal gland for tissue engineering applications","authors":"Felix Greese,&nbsp;Nina Reiter,&nbsp;Martin Schicht,&nbsp;Nils Schellekens,&nbsp;Silvia Budday,&nbsp;Friedrich Paulsen","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.09.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.09.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aqueous-deficient dry eye disease (ADDE) frequently results from structural and functional impairment of the lacrimal gland. Regenerative approaches require biomaterials that replicate the extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and biomechanical properties of native lacrimal gland tissue. However, quantitative data on the ECM composition and large-strain biomechanics of the human lacrimal gland remain limited. In this study, histological and immunofluorescence-based ECM analyses were combined with large-strain mechanical testing and quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based measurements to characterize the structural and mechanical properties of native human lacrimal gland tissue obtained from elderly donors. Mechanical testing included cyclic compression–tension, stress relaxation, and cyclic torsional shear tests. The lacrimal gland ECM exhibited a heterogeneous architecture dominated by collagen III-rich networks in periacinar regions, collagen IV within basement membranes, and collagen VI surrounding acini and ducts. Mechanical testing demonstrated that lacrimal gland tissue behaves as an ultra-soft viscoelastic material characterized by compression–tension asymmetry, nonlinear stress–stretch behavior, hysteresis, and moderate stress relaxation within the investigated strain range. A hyperelastic one-term Ogden model was used for inverse identification of material parameters describing tissue stiffness and nonlinear mechanical behavior, yielding a shear modulus of 0.21 kPa and a negative nonlinearity parameter during the unconditioned loading cycle. ELISA measurements identified collagen III and VI as the predominant ECM components. These results provide the first integrated characterization of ECM composition and large-strain mechanics in aging human lacrimal gland tissue and establish quantitative reference parameters that may guide the development of biomaterials and engineered scaffolds for lacrimal gland regeneration.</div></div><div><h3>Statement of significance</h3><div>Despite the central role of the lacrimal gland in ocular surface homeostasis, the extracellular matrix (ECM) architecture and biomechanical properties of human lacrimal gland tissue remain poorly characterized. This study provides the first integrated analysis of ECM composition and large-strain mechanical behavior in the human lacrimal gland. The results define the lacrimal gland as an ultra-soft viscoelastic tissue with an ECM predominantly composed of collagens III, IV, and elastic fiber networks. By integrating structural, biochemical, and mechanical analyses, this study establishes quantitative parameters defining the native microenvironment of lacrimal gland cells. These findings establish references for aging lacrimal gland tissue that may guide the design of ECM-mimetic biomaterials and support regenerative strategies for aqueous-deficient dry eye disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"225 ","pages":"Pages 483-497"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acid-degradable hollow calcium-manganese nanocarriers integrate calcium stress, redox catalysis, and antitumor immunity for lung cancer therapy","authors":"Wei Liu,&nbsp;Maopeng Yang,&nbsp;Fengjiao Wang,&nbsp;Hongtao Yin,&nbsp;Shuyi Zhai,&nbsp;Fucheng Zhou,&nbsp;Qiang Gao,&nbsp;Jinrui He,&nbsp;Yanbin Zhao,&nbsp;Jinfeng Ning","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.10.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.10.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality, while acquired resistance to EGFR-targeted therapy and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment continue to limit therapeutic efficacy. Here, we developed a tumor cell membrane-coated, acid-degradable hollow calcium–manganese nanoplatform loaded with gefitinib (CM@HCC-Mn/Gef) for combined redox modulation and antitumor immune activation. Under acidic and redox-active conditions, CM@HCC-Mn/Gef released gefitinib, Ca²⁺, and Mn²⁺, leading to intracellular Ca²⁺ accumulation, mitochondrial depolarization, ATP depletion, reactive oxygen species generation, glutathione consumption, GPX4 downregulation, and lipid peroxidation. These coordinated effects induced ferroptosis-associated oxidative damage and immunogenic cell death (ICD), characterized by cell-surface calreticulin exposure and HMGB1 redistribution, and subsequently promoted dendritic cell maturation and T-cell activation. In gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells, CM@HCC-Mn/Gef produced substantially greater cytotoxicity than free gefitinib, indicating that multimechanistic stress amplification enhanced the therapeutic response of resistant tumor cells. In immunocompetent syngeneic LLC tumor models, the nanoplatform inhibited primary tumor growth, increased tumor-infiltrating T cells, alleviated immunosuppressive features of the tumor microenvironment, and delayed contralateral secondary tumor progression. Combination with anti-PD-1 further enhanced tumor suppression and systemic immune activation. Collectively, CM@HCC-Mn/Gef integrates targeted drug delivery, calcium-associated mitochondrial stress, redox disruption, ferroptosis-associated damage, and immune activation, providing a biomimetic nanotherapeutic strategy for NSCLC chemoimmunotherapy.</div></div><div><h3>Statement of significance</h3><div>Conventional nanocarriers often provide drug delivery without coordinating multiple tumor-specific stresses and immune activation. This study introduces a tumor cell membrane-coated, acid-degradable hollow calcium-manganese nanoplatform that co-releases gefitinib, Ca²⁺, and Mn²⁺ in the tumor microenvironment. The material couples calcium-associated mitochondrial dysfunction with manganese-driven redox catalysis, thereby enhancing oxidative damage, lipid peroxidation, and immunogenic cell death-associated responses. It also improves tumor accumulation, promotes dendritic cell maturation and T-cell activation, and enhances anti-PD-1 therapy in immunocompetent lung cancer models. This work establishes a direct link between biomaterial composition, stimulus-responsive degradation, catalytic function, and antitumor immunity, offering a versatile design strategy for biomaterials-enabled chemoimmunotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"225 ","pages":"Pages 805-826"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149149138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic nano-delivery systems against multidrug-resistant bacteria: a resistance mechanism-to-platform-to-intervention framework","authors":"Li Wan,&nbsp;Haiyan He,&nbsp;Wanyi Xu,&nbsp;Wei Yang,&nbsp;Ming Wen,&nbsp;Hongliang Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.09.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial resistance arises from interacting processes operating at community, cellular, genetic, and regulatory levels, while treatment failure is further shaped by limited antibiotic access and exposure within complex infection environments. Antibiotic nano-delivery systems (ANDS) can address some of these barriers by altering drug protection, release, localization, intracellular exposure, and interactions with bacterial cells. Their effects, however, depend on the specific formulation: material class alone does not define biological function, and improved antibacterial efficacy after nanoencapsulation does not establish resistance reversal. This review develops a resistance mechanism-to-platform-to-intervention framework that links defined resistance-associated barriers to the formulation functions required to address them and to the evidence needed to support the corresponding therapeutic claims. This approach shifts evaluation from platform-centered ranking to formulation-level function and evidence. Across major ANDS platforms, the analysis shows that antibacterial and antibiofilm effects, resensitization, resistance reversal, and resistance prevention require different mechanistic and experimental evidence. Multimodal formulations are most informative when their individual functions address distinct coexisting barriers and their contributions are experimentally resolved. The review also identifies persistent translational constraints, including nanomaterial adaptation and co-selection, biosafety and pharmacokinetic uncertainty, manufacturing and regulatory requirements, and limited standardization of efficacy assessment. Progress toward clinical use will therefore depend on matching validated formulation functions to defined resistance contexts and integrating mechanism-specific and evolutionary endpoints with reproducible manufacturing and clinically relevant evaluation.</div></div><div><h3>Statement of significance</h3><div>Antimicrobial resistance is sustained by interacting mechanisms that limit antibiotic access, exposure, and target engagement. Antibiotic nano-delivery systems (ANDS) can provide drug protection, controlled release, localization, co-delivery, and carrier-derived antibacterial functions, but nanoencapsulation alone does not establish resistance reversal. This review presents a resistance mechanism-to-platform-to-intervention framework that links seven resistance-associated pathways with six ANDS platform classes through formulation-specific functions and supporting evidence. It distinguishes antibacterial activity, antibiofilm activity, resensitization, resistance reversal, and resistance prevention. The review further examines nanomaterial adaptation, biosafety, pharmacokinetics, manufacturing, evidence standardization, clinical translation, and future development, providing a framework for selecting and evaluating ANDS against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"225 ","pages":"Pages 95-128"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148932110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microneedle patch integrated with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and abemaciclib for treatment of meningioma","authors":"Haibo Teng,&nbsp;Qingqing Ren,&nbsp;Cong Feng,&nbsp;Haibo Tao,&nbsp;Yuyi Wang,&nbsp;Hao Shi,&nbsp;Xin Qiao,&nbsp;Zhiyong Liu,&nbsp;Ouying Yan,&nbsp;Hongxu Chen,&nbsp;Xiangdong Zhu,&nbsp;Kai Zhang,&nbsp;Xiangfeng Li,&nbsp;Xingdong Zhang,&nbsp;Jianguo Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surgery remains the primary treatment for meningiomas, with radiotherapy used for high-grade tumors, residual disease, and recurrences. However, many high-risk meningiomas progress despite resection or radiotherapy, and effective pharmacological therapies remain lacking. Here, we explored a local microneedle-mediated delivery strategy using gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels (Gel-MA) to co-deliver hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (n-HA) and the selective CDK4/6 inhibitor abemaciclib in meningioma cell-line models. n-HA and abemaciclib were associated with reduced proliferation, increased apoptosis-related signals, and cell-cycle inhibition in the tested models. Exploratory RNA sequencing suggested that n-HA treatment was associated with transcriptional changes related to cellular stress, calcium homeostasis, apoptosis, endocytosis, and immune-related pathways; these findings should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating rather than definitive mechanistic evidence. In an orthotopic xenograft model, local microneedle delivery of n-HA and abemaciclib suppressed tumor progression and was associated with treatment-related histological changes. Overall, this study provides proof-of-concept evidence that a biodegradable microneedle platform may enable local combination therapy for residual, recurrent, or incompletely resectable meningiomas.</div></div><div><h3>Statement of significance</h3><div>Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (n-HA), a bone-like material, suppress meningioma cell growth while stimulating anti-tumor immune responses, suggesting a therapeutic role beyond structural biomaterials. We further show that n-HA synergizes with abemaciclib to enhance tumor inhibition and immunity. To deliver this combination precisely to the tumor site, we develop GelMA microneedle patches that enable localized and controlled release, reducing reliance on systemic dosing. In animal models, microneedles loaded with n-HA and abemaciclib produce marked anti-tumor effects. Finally, incorporating β-cyclodextrin improves abemaciclib bioavailability, strengthening local therapy. Together, this work introduces an immunoactive biomaterial–drug microneedle strategy with potential for safer, more effective meningioma treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"225 ","pages":"Pages 645-663"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148889743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stiffness by design in biological fibers: The influence of microstructure and temperature","authors":"Eli Yovel,&nbsp;Noy Cohen","doi":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.09.037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actbio.2026.09.037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silk fibers exhibit unique mechanical properties such as high stiffness, toughness, and elasticity. The stiffness of silk fibers is governed by a hierarchical microstructure that is highly sensitive to the extraction method, post-processing, and environmental factors such as temperature. Commonly, the microstructure features an amorphous matrix comprising polypeptide chains that interact through weak intermolecular bonds and interconnect via crystalline domains. In this work, we develop a microscopically motivated energy-based model that provides fundamental insights into the underlying mechanisms governing the stiffness of silk fibers. The initial deformation is driven by (1) the entropic extension of polypeptide chains, (2) the elastic stretching and rotation of rigid crystalline domains, and (3) the distortion of weak intermolecular interactions, which lead to the relative sliding of polypeptide chains. The model quantitatively captures the influence of key physical microstructural quantities such as chain alignment, initial chain stretch, intermolecular bond strength, and crystallite size on the overall stiffness. The merit of the model is demonstrated through a comparison to spider silk and cocoon silk fibers. We also employ the model to better understand the influence of the reeling speed during the extraction of spider silk fibers on the microstructure and, consequently, on the stiffness. We follow with a parametric analysis that studies the influence of different microstructural quantities on the fiber stiffness. Lastly, the framework is extended to account for thermally-induced microstructural changes and the model predictions are compared to experimental data on the stiffness of cocoon silk fibers as a function of temperature. The findings from this work delineate the role of microstructure on the overall stiffness and offer a pathway for the efficient design of tunable and optimized biomimetic fibers for target applications.</div><div><em>Statement of Significance:</em></div><div>This work addresses a critical gap in the engineering of biological fibers by introducing a microscopically motivated, energy-based model that sheds light on the influence of key microstructural parameters on stiffness. By explicitly incorporating localized deformation kinematics and thermal effects, the model is used to capture the stiffness of diverse protein-based fibers, such as spider and cocoon silk, under different processing conditions and temperature regimes. This framework provides new insights into the role of key microstructural quantities on the overall stiffness, thereby paving the way to the design of tunable and optimized biomimetic fibers with targeted mechanical profiles that can be used in various applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":237,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomaterialia","volume":"225 ","pages":"Pages 527-537"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149070759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}