WIT Transactions on the Built Environment最新文献

{"title":"URBAN TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN THE CITY OF TSHWANE, SOUTH AFRICA: AN OBSERVATION AUDIT","authors":"B. Duri, R. Luke","doi":"10.2495/umt220071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/umt220071","url":null,"abstract":"People with disabilities often find it difficult to access public transport. The purpose of this study was to identify issues with urban transport infrastructure in the City of Tshwane that contribute to inaccessible transportation. An observational checklist was prepared to collect data, and the checklist was based on guidelines and best practices for universally accessible transport. The infrastructure elements considered in this study were pavements, street crossings, street furniture, bus stops, bus station, taxi ranks and train stations. To a large extent, the design of transport infrastructure in the City of Tshwane does not comply with universal design principles and, in areas where there was compliance, there was a distinct lack of consistency. The study results revealed that the urban transport infrastructure in the City of Tshwane is not designed to cater to the needs of people with disability. The results also revealed that existing transport infrastructure lacks maintenance. It is recommended that the city train city planners and built environment professionals on disability building regulations. City planners and built environment professionals should be conscious of the needs of different groups of people when planning and designing city infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82058322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CONCEPT OF ACCESSIBILITY IN SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT: CRITERIA AND PERSPECTIVES","authors":"Hoda Pourramazani, J. L. MIRALLES-GARCIA","doi":"10.2495/umt220051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/umt220051","url":null,"abstract":"In today’s world, accessibility is considered a key and complementary criterion while increasing the stability of a transportation system, in addition to the importance of proper density and spatial distribution of people and activities and land use development, which is known as urban policy and services and it is also considered a precondition for economic development. Although accessibility has been extensively explored in recent decades, transportation planners still face many challenges. Therefore, it is important to know the factors and criteria affecting access in each time period. These criteria can include mobility, quality and cost-effectiveness of transportation, the connection of transportation systems, mobility alternatives, land use patterns and socio-economic characteristics that can affect the concept of access differently; on the other hand, a more comprehensive study of accessibility can increase the range of potential solutions to transportation problems. The present study provides a general but comprehensive overview of the various dimensions and indicators of access in the form of a literature review. The results show that there is a lot of interaction with the goals of integration and sustainability, which can be achieved under the key elements. The first element is the selection of techniques that can be presented in the light of evaluation along with specific and clear objectives that can be achieved in practice and reflect their ease. The second element is the use of techniques to provide sufficient indicators according to regional patterns, taking into account all objectives, of course, as general performance indicators that are not limited to social justice. Perhaps one of the effective options is the use of visualization tools. It means using maps that provide solutions. It provides a link between transportation gaps and benefits where access-based criteria can potentially influence transportation decisions. Also, the findings show that to strengthen the accessibility goal, accessibility indicators should be clearly considered, and a distinction should be made between this concept and mobility in transportation planning.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82442433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATING THE ACCESSIBILITY OF A SUSTAINABLE CITY: CASE STUDY OF MASDAR CITY, UAE","authors":"P. Maghelal, Xiangyu Li, Anoud Qahtani","doi":"10.2495/umt220081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/umt220081","url":null,"abstract":"An epitome of a sustainable city, Masdar City in the United Arab Emirates, boasts of its integrated land use and multi-modal transportation network. When developed as planned, it could be an example for designing future cities. However, little is known of how accessible it could be in spite of its unique design. Conversely, accessibility, as a conceptual and operational definition, has gone through several iterations. However, it still remains an often misunderstood and poorly defined and measured construct. Masdar City, as planned, consists of several types of sustainable transportation options including walking, biking, personal rapid transit (PRT), group rapid transit (GRT), bus/light rapid transit, and metro. The hierarchical additive approach (considering both spatial analysis and the time-based analysis), reports that majority of Masdar City has low accessibility to the regional metro station. Also, the result indicates that more than half of the city will need between 13.1 to 25 minutes, with an average of 15 minutes, to reach the metro station. In all, the city has medium accessibility to the metro station with opportunities to enhance the overall accessibility. Elimination of transit stops that are redundant can reduce the headway and stalling time and hence the total travel time. Also, by locating new transit stops (bus, PRT or LRT) in grids where access to closest public transit is more than 400 m by walking can help balance the capital cost of infrastructure (public transit) while improving the accessibility to the regional metro for its residents. The follow-up analysis reported that the medium accessibility increased from 20% to 24%. Evaluation of accessibility in planned areas (city or neighbourhood) can provide insights on efficiency of a sustainable city such as Masdar City.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73701136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY, TRANSIT-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT, AND TRAVEL BEHAVIOR: A TRAVEL PATTERN ANALYSIS","authors":"A. AlKhereibi","doi":"10.2495/umt220041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/umt220041","url":null,"abstract":"This research proposes an inclusive travel pattern classification model, in support of sustainable mobility and transit oriented development to develop homogeneous activity groups for a sample of laborers in the State of Qatar. The investigated model aims to classify the activity data into a homogenous travel pattern. A pattern recognition model is applied to a revealed preference (RP) survey for the travel diary of 1,051 laborers. In the first phase of the analysis, raw data preprocessing algorithms and outliers data detection and filtering algorithms were applied and, therefore, an activity-based displacement matrix was developed for each household. The research methodology commenced in this research encompasses the integration of several machine learning (ML) techniques, mainly utilizing clustering and classification methods. A bagged clustering algorithm was used to recognize the clusters’ number, and then the implemented CMeans algorithm and Pamk algorithm were used to validate the results. Meanwhile, the interdependencies between the resulting clusters and the socio-demographic characteristics of the household were examined using cross-analysis. The results of the study found that there was a notable diversity between clusters in terms of trip purpose, modal split, choice of destination, and occupation. Clustering techniques on all three attributes produced similar results, but clustering based on occupation yielded clusters that differed significantly from those based on other attributes. Applying such pattern recognition models to large and complex activity datasets could help transportation planners better understand the travel needs of segments of the population and formulate more informed strategies that compromise the best practices of sustainable mobility and transit-oriented development. applied separately to uncover patterns of residents’ activity in terms of trip purpose, mode choice and destination. The findings from this research study prove that the above three clustering methods are credible and could provide a better understanding of the residents’ shift pattern. However, the CMeans and Pamk clustering technique show better efficiency and representativeness than the bagged clustering technique. The study clustered a large number of activities collected from travel diaries into meaningful clusters using machine learning techniques to best support the further development of predictive models for diverse elements of the transportation system Travel patterns have been identified which help to develop effective decision support systems in transit-oriented development planning and evaluation of different strategies. The results of the study showed that cluster analysis techniques are mathematically efficient and can classify residents into groups and, therefore, analyze travel behavior. By applying clustering techniques, detailed traveler characteristics","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74322416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPING ACCOUNTABLE MARITIME TRANSPORT AND PORT ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES IN ARAB COUNTRIES","authors":"Khaled Abdallah EL Sakty, A. Islam","doi":"10.2495/umt220131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/umt220131","url":null,"abstract":"The absence of specific goals, functions, integrity and a clear chain of command in the maritime transport system organizational structure (OS) in the Arab world may lead to creating trade tensions, increasing export restrictions, increasing economic and social costs, and other obstacles that impede the achievement of the strategic goal of maritime transport. This research aims to propose an integrated organizational structure that shows the relations and dependencies of all elements in the maritime transport system and the ports authorities, which helps in creating a stronger internal organizational environment. The proposed OSs are meant to improve maritime activities such as shipbuilding and ship scrapping, and to increase coordination and integration between the maritime transport sector and the authority for maritime safety through identifying the role of each entity within the proposed OSs. It is an exploratory multiple case study research, where a qualitative research method is conducted using interviews. The research approach has taken the following steps: (1) 47 world maritime transport organizational structures (MTOSs) that are selected and criticized according to six criteria; (2) data and information of 47 MTOSs were collected using documentation from official websites of governments; (3) the characteristics and challenges facing current MTOSs are identified; (4) the proposed MTOSs are projected; (5) purposive expert sampling technique is used for the validation of the proposed MTOSs and POS through the conduction of semi structured and unstructured interviews; (6) the proposed model is readjusted and implemented in Egypt according to the experts’ feedback; and (7) external and internal validity were also tested to ensure that generalizability of the research is shown within its scope.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86867268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LANDUSE PLANNING FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE INFRASTRUCTURE","authors":"G. Ghosh","doi":"10.2495/umt220061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/umt220061","url":null,"abstract":"India is committed to the Paris Agreement by making efforts to reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 20–25% from its 2005 levels by 2020 and by 33–35% by 2030. As a part of this commitment, India intends to adopt 30% electric vehicles (EVs) in its vehicle population by 2030. In pursuant to the mission, the government has formulated the Electric Vehicle Policy, Model Building Guidelines and other related policies and guidelines. Various financial tools and incentives have also been declared. Large scale adoption of EVs would require provision of various infrastructures for the EV users. One of the major requirements is the availability of accessible charging infrastructure. Providing accessible charging infrastructure for EVs within the urban landscape would pose various locational, financial and technical challenges. Needless to say, there is a need for identifying spatial and landuse planning strategies to accommodate and sustainably plan for EV infrastructure. There has been a good initiative of work on locational models, plans, user perspective and business models for charging stations. However, works on landuse planning for charging infrastructure is still in its nascent stage. The aims of the paper are to (a) explore the necessity of deriving a landuse planning framework for EV charging infrastructure; and (b) to identify a replicable model for spatial planning for EV charging infrastructure for Indian cities. The paper reviews the various applicable guidelines for EV infrastructure and best practices, locational theories, zoning and building regulations and arrives at a framework for landuse planning for EV infrastructure. The case area for the study is Bangalore city.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76767939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"METHODOLOGY FRAMEWORK FOR PRIORITISATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN PORT AREAS","authors":"Sofia Agostinelli, M. Neshat, M. M. Nezhad, G. Piras, D. Garcia","doi":"10.2495/umt220101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/umt220101","url":null,"abstract":"Ports play a crucial role in increasing the decarbonisation of urban environments to mitigate the environmental impacts of maritime transport and promote sustainable intermodal mobility. Various efforts have been made to increase energy self-sufficiency using renewable energy sources (RESs) in different ports worldwide. However, the ports played an essential role in the pollution process of the nearest cities due to the short distance and merging with urban areas. In this case, solar and wind were measured using the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) data of four Lazio province ports. Each RES was evaluated using 10 years of monthly data for mapping and 1 year of hourly data for potential assessment and energy converters installation. Furthermore, the time series method has been considered to design and develop better management of RESs for decision making monitoring the energy needs of ports. This time series method has been applied to the generated energy source based on various parameters of the RESs used in port.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81175523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BIG DATA IN SMART TRANSPORTATION PLANNING: TOWARDS AN APPLICABLE SMART SOCIO-ECONOMIC TRANSPORTATION PLATFORM IN HISTORICAL MEGA CITIES","authors":"Reem Bakri, Zeyad El-sayad, Ali F. Bakr","doi":"10.2495/umt220021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/umt220021","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to develop the feasibility of transportation big data in order to drive changes that impacts directly both government and citizens’ goals and objectives. The relevance is to face and develop transportation challenges in the down-town of historical mega-cities. A smart transportation platform is proposed that can manage huge amounts of big transportation data planning (BTDP) and give guidance to the urban authorities to make their municipalities smarter and digital, and to propose smart transportation building (STB) as part of smart digital city while preserving its historical identity. This paper proposed a developed framework for smart socio-economic indicator through transportation platform for city data harvesting. The results were able to classify major challenges facing users which revolving the socio-economic indicator; according to a surveying questionnaire on the historical downtown of Alexandria City in Egypt as an important historical mega-city; in order to set applicable solutions via using the Smart socio-economic transportation platform (S2TP).","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91171593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BEST PRACTICES EXCHANGE IN SEA–RAIL INTERMODALITY: A CASE STUDY OF THE PORTS OF İZMIR, TURKEY AND TRIESTE, ITALY","authors":"Zeynep Pehlevan, S. Ricci","doi":"10.2495/umt220091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/umt220091","url":null,"abstract":"Benchmarking and best practices derivation is a traditional and consolidated approach in transport planning. Less frequent is the use in the design of ports’ masterplans and intermodality promotion in coastal cities, where the connection between the development of ports and local economy and the quality of the environment is stronger. Rail transport is essential for the development and efficiency of a port as it enhances economic importance and competitiveness. It also provides faster movement and higher port capacity, thus affecting the total throughput, which is a fundamental productivity measure of a seaport. This paper aims to depict a roadmap for the increase of rail modal share in ports’ areas by identifying the most promising operational and infrastructural actions derived by recognized best practices. The case study described in the paper is about the exchange of best practices between the ports of Trieste and İzmir. For many years, İzmir has been an important container port in Turkey. However, its total throughput has decreased dramatically in recent years while its competitors, both in the Aegean and Marmara regions, have been developing their business rapidly. Considering that the owner and operator of the port are Turkish State Railways, the port of İzmir currently has quite a low rail share, which was less than 10% in 2021. This decrease is mainly due to an unsuitable infrastructure and poor coordination with the railway network. This paper exemplifies how it would be possible to increase the rail modal share of the port of İzmir by defining the necessary actions and redesigning the rail infrastructure. This can make the port of İzmir an effective alternative to solve the massive congestion problem of the Marmara region (Istanbul) ports, affected by morphologic barriers. Here, the port of Trieste will be the reference port as it has the highest rail share (50%) in Italy. Its current state and future targets will represent the best practice to increase the rail share in İzmir. Since almost half of the Turkish maritime freight directed to Europe is via Trieste, similar percentages on the Turkish side can strengthen the sea–rail intermodal connection between these port cities.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86197836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SHUTTLES & CO: INFLUENCING AUTONOMOUS SHUTTLE BUSES USING V2X COMMUNICATION","authors":"C. Wille, Jan Trumpold","doi":"10.2495/umt220011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/umt220011","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, there are only a few technical aids or even control methods to accelerate autonomous buses in urban traffic or to provide them with an extended green phase. This is necessary because their speed is very different from other road users. Communication between autonomous buses and the infrastructure using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication is already possible and well researched. It is not yet supported by many manufacturers of the control units and also manufacturers of vehicles. In the project, we have researched the development of a new traffic light signal system (LSA) control procedure with innovative traffic light system communication and detection technology and also implemented it in real traffic. The results from the research can currently already be used for small vessel sizes. The offer can be extended by possible on-demand stops and the correct reaction to vehicles with official duties like police, fire department or ambulance vehicles. In particular, interchanges without a driver present or the usual stop infrastructure at virtual on-demand stops require more passenger guidance by autonomous transport modes.","PeriodicalId":23773,"journal":{"name":"WIT Transactions on the Built Environment","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77635713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}