Forest science issues最新文献

{"title":"LEADERS OF FOREST SCIENCE: TO THE ANNIVERSARY OF CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE RAS NATALIA VASILEVNA LUKINA","authors":"А. Gornov, А. Geraskina, D. Ershov, D. Tebenkova, N. Shevchenko","doi":"10.31509/2658-607x-202252-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-202252-108","url":null,"abstract":"July 24, 2022 is the anniversary date of the birth of Natalya Vasilievna Lukina – corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, doctor of biological sciences, professor, prominent scientist in forest ecology, forest science and forest soil science, director of the Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity of the Russian Academy of Sciences, chairman of the Scientific Council of the Russian Academy of Sciences on forests, editor-in-chief of the journals “Russian Journal of Forest Science” and “Forest Science Issues”. The article summarizes the main directions of scientific, scientific-organizational and expert activities of N. V. Lukina.","PeriodicalId":237008,"journal":{"name":"Forest science issues","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130370857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APPROACHES TO ECOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF EARTHWORMS: A REVIEW","authors":"S. Ermolov","doi":"10.31509/2658-607x-202251-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-202251-101","url":null,"abstract":"Earthworms as critical components of natural communities have traditionally attracted the attention of researchers from various fields of biology and agriculture. From the observations of ancient times and up to our time, the research of earthworms has kept its relevance. One of the most interesting tasks has been the creation of an ecological classification of earthworms and its subsequent use. The purpose of this review is to consider various approaches to identifying ecological groups of earthworms (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) and the application of these approaches in scientific research. The article reviews the main types of Russian and world ecological classifications of earthworms and some recent additions to these classifications. Particular attention is paid to scientific research with different approaches to the study of ecological groups of earthworms.","PeriodicalId":237008,"journal":{"name":"Forest science issues","volume":"267 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114151055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WILDFIRES AS A FACTOR OF LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY AND FOREST ECOSYSTEM FUNCTIONS","authors":"A. Geraskina, D. Tebenkova, D. Ershov, E. Ruchinskaya, N. V. Sibirtseva, N. Lukina","doi":"10.31509/2658-607x-202251-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-202251-97","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the ever-increasing anthropogenic impact and global climate change, wildfires are becoming more frequent and intense all over the world. The wildfire factor is turning into an acute problem for forested countries that requires prompt solutions as the areas of forest ecosystems are reducing catastrophically, which results in an irreparable loss of biodiversity that provides all ecosystem functions and services. Many biologists consider wildfires a factor destructive to biota that results in permanent loss of some species and groups of living organisms; even if it is possible for them to recover after a wildfire, they may need a lot of time to do so. However, some studies argue that wildfires do not reduce the biodiversity in forest ecosystems, but even increase it, thus contributing to species conservation and sustainable functioning of forests. This article is aimed at analyzing the studies of how wildfires impact the main components, biodiversity, and functions of forest ecosystems. The authors answer the question of why wildfires while being a destructive factor, are sometimes considered a factor increasing biodiversity. The “positive” influence wildfires have on biodiversity mostly comes down to the formation of mosaic patterns, that is, forest canopy gaps that occur after a wildfire. However, analysis of references shows that the established opinion found in a number of studies that a certain frequency of wildfires is necessary to maintain forest communities may be associated with ignoring or misunderstanding the importance of biotic factors in the functioning of forests. In modern forest ecosystems, populations of keystone large mammal species have disappeared or greatly declined; therefore, there are no microsites they usually form, including large forest canopy gaps (glades) that provide opportunities for photophilous flora and pollinating insects to develop and generally maintain adequate conditions for multi-aged polydominant forest ecosystems with high biodiversity. In the forestry practice, there are measures to maintain mosaics. They include special types of felling, supporting populations of keystone animal species, etc., and are both significantly less catastrophic in comparison with the wildfire factor and substantiated biologically. The authors provide recommendations for the conservation and maintenance of biodiversity and ecosystem functions in modern forests.","PeriodicalId":237008,"journal":{"name":"Forest science issues","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124096753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"I. S. MELEKHOV’S SCALE OF NATURAL FIRE DANGER OF FOREST ECOSYSTEMS: OVERVIEW OF MODERN RUSSIAN METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES","authors":"A. Plotnikova","doi":"10.31509/2658-607x-202251-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-202251-103","url":null,"abstract":"The article reviews various methodological approaches to assessing natural fire danger (NFD) and the creation, updating, and application of NFD maps, which modern domestic researchers develop. Herein we introduce and analyse the currently accepted natural fire danger assessment scale by I. S. Melekhov. As pointed out by modern researchers, the methodological drawbacks of the scale are listed. The paper reviews the development of a new methodological approach to the compilation of regional scales for assessing the natural fire danger of forests, considering the links between forest growth conditions and seasonal and climatic conditions in the regions of the Russian Federation. The methodology of mapping natural fire danger based on vegetation fuel maps proposed by a scientific group of Sukachev Forest Institute of SВ RAS was studied. The works of the Mytishchi branch of Bauman Moscow State Technical University were reviewed to investigate the possibility of applying mathematical modelling methods for long-term forecasting of changes in NFD under different scenarios of forest management. The method of annual mapping of NFD classes, as proposed in CEPF RAS, is described. An example of NFD maps to assess the probability of forest fires in the Institute for Complex Analysis of the FEB RAS Regional Problems is considered. Future research areas are identified, namely, a cartographic representation of the created regional scales of NFD and the results of mathematical modelling of long-term changes in NFD.","PeriodicalId":237008,"journal":{"name":"Forest science issues","volume":"235 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124289593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SCIENTIFIC COMMENTARY ON THE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY OF THE FOREST COMPLEX OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION UNTIL 2030","authors":"Y. Gagarin","doi":"10.31509/2658-607x-2021-44-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-2021-44-96","url":null,"abstract":"The Russian Federation possesses a large area of available highly productive forestland, which creates a real potential for the formation of a developed and highly competitive forest complex. However, the Russian Federation is facing a number of serious problems that hinder the development of the forestry complex. The main problems issues include the depletion of accessible forests due to extensive forest management and unsatisfactory forest management, and the almost complete absence of economic instruments that motivate the reproduction of valuable forests and an increase in their productivity.","PeriodicalId":237008,"journal":{"name":"Forest science issues","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132394815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF VEGETATION ON SOIL CARBON STOCKS IN FORESTS (REVIEW)","authors":"A. I. Kuznetsovа","doi":"10.31509/2658-607x-2021-44-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-2021-44-95","url":null,"abstract":"Existing estimates of carbon stocks in taiga and coniferous-deciduous forests show that almost half of the total organic carbon in these ecosystems is accumulated in forest soils. Vegetation as the main source of organic matter in the soil, interact with soil biota, which processes plant litter, and with abiotic environmental factors, determines the processes of formation and accumulation of soil organic matter. Changes in the composition of vegetation are the driver of the dynamics of soil carbon stocks; however, insufficient attention has been paid to the analysis of this issue. The review analyzes the main ways of transferring carbon from the vegetation pool to the soil pool and the influence of three main predictors of vegetation that affect the carbon stock in soils: the amount and quality of litter of individual species (species identity) of plants and the structural diversity of the plant community; gaps in knowledge and the ways of development of this scientific direction are proposed.","PeriodicalId":237008,"journal":{"name":"Forest science issues","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129730685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REVIEW OF EXPERIENCE IN SOLVING THE TRANSPORT MODELING TASKS IN THE FORESTRY","authors":"E. Podolskaia","doi":"10.31509/2658-607x-2021-44-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-2021-44-92","url":null,"abstract":"The article systematizes the experience of solving the task of transport modeling for the ground access to the forest fires and forest resources, presented by scientific and engineering works. General characteristics of transport modeling based on the Russian and foreign experience are given; the analysis of data services and Open Source developments are the topical subjects in the development of transport projects. The main attention is paid to the review of issues of transport modeling issues in the use, protection, and reproduction of forests, taking into account the current Russian regulatory documents of the forestry. We have described the geodata sources, as well as using remote sensing data of different types and spatial resolution for the transport modeling in the forestry. The works of scientific and educational institutions represent Russian research on the forest transport modeling and forest infrastructure. They have a common understanding of forest transport accessibility as a complex issue. It is noted that the interest of researchers traditionally lies in solving environmental and economic problems of modeling. It is necessary to continue the work on the modeling for the location of fire stations, cutting areas and forest warehouses for the model territories in different regions and of different forest infrastructure’s characteristics. The development of methods and technologies to balance the infrastructural load and natural stability of forest ecosystems is described as a direction for further research. Undertaken review shows some patterns of forest transport modeling as a part of forestry using modern applied geoinformatics.","PeriodicalId":237008,"journal":{"name":"Forest science issues","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132136522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"APPROACHES TO THE ECOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF EARTHWORMS. A REVIEW","authors":"S. Ermolov","doi":"10.31509/2658-607x-2021-44-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-2021-44-93","url":null,"abstract":"Earthworms are the most important component of natural communities, therefore they have attracted the attention of researchers from various fields of biology and agriculture. Studies of earthworms have not lost their relevance from the observations of ancient times to our time. The creation of an ecological classification of earthworms and its subsequent use is one of the most interesting questions. The purpose of this review is to consider various approaches to identifying ecological groups of earthworms (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) and their application in scientific research. The article presents the main variants of the Russian and world ecological classifications of earthworms. Particular attention is paid to scientific research with different approaches to the study of the ecological groups of earthworms.","PeriodicalId":237008,"journal":{"name":"Forest science issues","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115440585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STATE OF TILIA CORDATA MILL. AND ULMUS GLABRA HUDS. COENOPOPULATIONS IN THE FORESTS OF PETROZAVODSKY URBAN OKRUG","authors":"E. Platonova, N. V. Afoshin, T. Y. Djachkova","doi":"10.31509/2658-607x-2021-44-94","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-2021-44-94","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance and purpose. Cenopopulations of deciduous tree species at the northern border of the range are of particular scientific interest as objects of biological diversity. The relevance of the work is associated with the need to organize monitoring of these rare objects in the forests of the Petrozavodsk Urban Okrug by cause of increasing anthropogenic pressure. Assessment of the state of valuable nature conservation objects has not only scientific, but also economic interest in the field of ecosystem services, taking into account those functions of natural ecosystems that ensure the quality of people’s living standards.Material and methods. During 2017–2018 a detailed study of the cenopopulations of Tilia cordata and Ulmus glabra was carried out on two model plots within the boundaries of the Petrozavodsk urban district. The area, abundance, ontogenetic structure of cenopopulations was determined using the standard technique of cenopopulation studies, taking into account the characteristics of specific species. Results and conclusions. The studied cenopopulations are isolated and small (up to 23 hectares). They were forming during the secondary succession anthropogenic felling and fires more than 100 years old. According to the ontogenetic spectrum, cenopopulations are normal mature, have an ontogenetic spectrum with a maximum on immature individuals, thus, cenopopulations are characterized by a normal turnover of generations. Generative reproduction and large generative trees high 16–24 m up to 120 years old are rare for the northern regions.","PeriodicalId":237008,"journal":{"name":"Forest science issues","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134089980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESTIMATION OF THE YIELD OF WILD BERRIES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE LEVEL OF ILLUMINATION OF THE GROUND COVER BY SIMULATION METHODS","authors":"A. A. Kolycheva, S. Chumachenko","doi":"10.31509/2658-607x-202143-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31509/2658-607x-202143-90","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance and purpose. Currently known methods of accounting for berry yields are not applicable for multi-species forests of different ages with the presence of undergrowth and undergrowth, widespread in Russia. Difficulties arise due to a set of input parameters, including type of forest growing conditions, breed, age, completeness, but not describing the illumination at the level of the grass-shrub layer, which is the determining factor in the yield of blueberries, cranberries, raspberries. The purpose of this study is to develop an approach to calculating the yield of wild berries, taking into account the illumination at the ground cover level by simulation methods. Material and methods. For the forecast, the FORRUS-S model of forest plantation dynamics is used. The yield data is taken from an existing reference book, which shows productivity in clean plantations without undergrowth and undergrowth. The use of an additional predictor of berry yield, namely, illumination at the level of ground cover, made it possible to predict yields in forests of a more complex structure: multi-species, of different ages, with undergrowth and undergrowth. Results and conclusion. An original approach to calculating the yield of wild berries has been developed. The above approach allows us to estimate the yield of the most common berries in the European part of Russia: blueberries, raspberries, lingonberries. Universal equations have been obtained that make it possible to predict the productivity of berry bushes based on the taxation characteristics of the stand and the illumination calculated in the model.","PeriodicalId":237008,"journal":{"name":"Forest science issues","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121940379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}