Nassima Benammar, Henri Bauer, F. Ridouard, P. Richard
{"title":"Timing analysis of AVB Ethernet network using the Forward end-to-end Delay Analysis","authors":"Nassima Benammar, Henri Bauer, F. Ridouard, P. Richard","doi":"10.1145/3273905.3273922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3273905.3273922","url":null,"abstract":"Audio Video Bridging Ethernet (AVB) [1] is a standard developed by IEEE Audio Video Bridging Task Group based on switched-Ethernet. It is used in the automotive domain. AVB includes flow differentiation service using Fixed Priority (FP) policy. It ensures a class level credit based shaping (CBS) for high priority flows in each switch. A guaranteed upper bound on End-to-end (ETE) delays, in such a network, is mandatory for certification purpose. Some methods such as Compositional Performance Analysis (CPA) or Trajectory Approach (TA) have been designed to determine worst-case ETE delays in AVB networks. The Forward end-to-end delay Analysis (FA) has been initially developed for AFDX network for a First In First Out (FIFO) or FP/FIFO scheduling. In this paper, we extend it to take into account the CBS algorithm to cover also AVB networks. Finally, we apply FA on a sample configuration and compare the results to the aforementioned approach CPA.","PeriodicalId":236964,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129909652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tobias Klaus, Florian Franzmann, Matthias Becker, Peter Ulbrich
{"title":"Data Propagation Delay Constraints in Multi-Rate Systems: Deadlines vs. Job-Level Dependencies","authors":"Tobias Klaus, Florian Franzmann, Matthias Becker, Peter Ulbrich","doi":"10.1145/3273905.3273923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3273905.3273923","url":null,"abstract":"Many industrial areas are faced with a continuous increase in system complexity, while systems need to satisfy stringent timing requirements, which are traditionally based on the tasks' local deadlines. However, correct functionality is subject to high-level timing requirements on data propagation through a set of semantically related tasks. Since distributed concurrent engineering is often used to deal with the complexity of such systems, violations of data propagation delay constraints are only visible at late development stages, where changes in system design become increasingly expensive. In this paper, we leverage job-level dependencies (JLDs) that can be specified at early development stages to guarantee data propagation delay constraints. Therefore, we present an approach that extends the Real-Time Systems Compiler to enforce the JLDs in actual multicore schedules. This strategy enables us to perform extensive evaluations of the effectiveness of JLDs in combination with contemporary allocation and scheduling algorithms, where we observed schedulability improvements of up to 42%. Additionally, we identified the effect of the number of available cores on the data age.","PeriodicalId":236964,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128620611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TACO","authors":"Benjamin Lesage, Stephen Law, I. Bate","doi":"10.1145/3273905.3273910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3273905.3273910","url":null,"abstract":"Timing analysis is an important part of the development of critical real-time systems. It stems from the need to provide evidence on the behaviour of the system, compliance to requirements and timing bounds. The formal testing process is complicated, and includes tests to achieve compliance with certification requirements. Where possible, testing should be performed on a host and then validated on the target. This is especially important for real systems where the target may not be available early in the project or target-based testing is expensive and time consuming. Meaningful host-based testing is difficult when it comes to timing analysis. Automation helps reduce the costs and move testing earlier in the application development cycle. Moving testing earlier in the development cycle not only enables the testing to scale to whole systems, it allows the risks of projects to be managed and software to be optimised before target-based testing is performed. In this paper, we extend existing work achieving reliable coverage and High WaterMark (HWM) measurement, to scale its application to the analysis of a full system software build, automate the test process, and minimise the set of tests deployed on target. Our case study demonstrates the successful application of the approach on a large code base, i.e. an existing controls system software code. The paper ends with a position statement about how this work is instrumental for both future research but also as part of industry practically analysing the timing behaviour of systems automatically and certifying mixed-criticality systems.","PeriodicalId":236964,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Real-Time Networks and Systems","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116992554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}