Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii最新文献_第4页

Analysis of the technology of electrochemical production of zirconium 电化学生产锆的工艺分析

Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.32434/0321-4095-2023-150-5-82-90

A.P. Mukhachev, V.G. Nefedov, D.O. Yelatontsev

{"title":"Analysis of the technology of electrochemical production of zirconium","authors":"A.P. Mukhachev, V.G. Nefedov, D.O. Yelatontsev","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-150-5-82-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-150-5-82-90","url":null,"abstract":"To date, reactor-grade zircon is produced on an industrial scale using metallothermic and electrochemical methods. Electrolytic production of reactor-purity zirconium in a sealed electrolyzer is more cost-effective than metallothermic production, as it does not require iodide refining and the use of reducing metals (Na, Mg, and Ca). Despite the importance of this production, its features are not fully described in the literature. This study presents the results of industrial tests of the electrolysis process in a sealed electrolyzer with a current load of 10 kA from the molten electrolyte KCl–KF–K2ZrF6. Based on the achieved technological indicators, the current efficiencies of the main cathode and anode reactions were determined and the factors influencing them were evaluated. We analyzed the composition of nutrient salts and the mechanism of accumulation of potassium fluoride in the electrolyte, an increase in which concentration leads to an anode-destroying effect. We considered possible mechanisms of the electrochemical formation of freons and compiled material balances for all starting substances and reaction products. The change in the electrolyte density during electrolysis was calculated, which allowed justifying the volume of its daily drainage. Fine carbon and zirconium powder formed in the electrolyte due to the interaction with potassium metal are not separated and are removed for chemical redistribution, which reduces the productivity of the electrolysis process.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136160563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of by-products of ethanol production in the fuel industry 乙醇生产副产物在燃料工业中的应用

Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.32434/0321-4095-2023-150-5-64-71

А.М. Ludyn, V.V. Reutskyy

{"title":"Application of by-products of ethanol production in the fuel industry","authors":"А.М. Ludyn, V.V. Reutskyy","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-150-5-64-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-150-5-64-71","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes two ways of solving environmental problems in the fuel industry, which arose due to the need to stabilize the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. According to the first direction, the ways of using various non-traditional types of raw materials and waste containing sugars for the purpose of producing environmentally friendly types of fuel are considered. According to the second direction, the possibilities of integrated use of ethanol and all by-products formed during its production are analyzed to improve ecology in the fuel industry. We have established the possibility of using the by-products of ethanol production, fuel oil and fuel alcohol, to improve the operational properties of motor fuels used in carburetor and diesel engines. It has been stated that the additives of fuel alcohol and fuel oil increase the octane number of gasoline, improve its fractional composition, as a result of which the completeness of fuel combustion and the uniformity of its supply to the engine cylinders increase. The optimal concentrations of alcohol additives to gasoline are as follows: 5 vol.% and 10 vol.% for fuel alcohols and fuel oil, respectively. It has been established that the addition of fuel oil to diesel fuels increases their cetane number, this causes the mixture to ignite faster and the diesel engine to start. Moreover, with the addition of fuel oil, the temperature of the beginning of boiling decreases which facilitates the starting properties of the fuel, and the viscosity of the fuel mixture decreases which improves the completeness of mixing and transportation in the engine system. The optimal concentration of fuel oil additive to diesel fuel is 10 vol.%.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136127941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of industrial process for the synthesis of the active pharmaceutical ingredient "6-Methyluracil" 活性药物成分“6-甲基尿嘧啶”工业合成工艺的开发

Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-77-82

V. Rudiuk, A. A. Filatov, L. A. Babadzhanova, Yurij L. Yagupolskii, I. Levandovskiy

引用次数: 0

A mini-review of biodiesel production methods and its properties 生物柴油的生产方法及其性能综述

Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-17-25

O. Shevchenko, D.V. Popytaylenko

引用次数: 0

Study of mineralization of lithium calcium phosphosilicate glass ceramics in vivo during bone tissue regeneration 骨组织再生过程中磷酸硅锂钙玻璃陶瓷的体内矿化研究

Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-83-93

О. Savvova, O. Fesenko, H. Voronov, O. Babich, V.V. Bitiutska, Y. Smyrnova, A. Hopko

{"title":"Study of mineralization of lithium calcium phosphosilicate glass ceramics in vivo during bone tissue regeneration","authors":"О. Savvova, O. Fesenko, H. Voronov, O. Babich, V.V. Bitiutska, Y. Smyrnova, A. Hopko","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-83-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-83-93","url":null,"abstract":"Prospective directions for the creation of biologically active substitutes for bone tissue were analyzed. The effectiveness of the use of calcium phosphosilicate materials modified with CuO, ZnO, Ag2O, Fe2O3, TiO2, SrO and Nb2O5 to ensure high biocompatibility and antibacterial properties of bone endoprostheses has been established. The prospective use of lithium calcium phosphate silicate glass ceramics for obtaining strengthened, biologically active bone implants was substantiated. The main criteria for the development of biocompatible glass-ceramic materials regarding their composition, structure, texture, and surface properties have been established. The influence of differences in the structure and resorption of calcium phosphosilicate glass ceramics on the mechanism of formation of an apatite-like layer in vivo was analyzed. The features of mineralization of calcium phosphosilicate glass ceramics in vivo during bone tissue regeneration were determined, and the effectiveness of the use of glass ceramics based on hydroxyapatite and lithium disilicate in bone tissue replacement was established to reduce the rehabilitation period and long-term use of endoprostheses under variable loads. The developed OS-7 calcium phosphosilicate glass-ceramic material is characterized by the content of crystalline phases of 10 vol.% lithium disilicate and 55 vol.% hydroxyapatite with a ratio of CaO/P2O5=1.67, surface microrelief of 6 m, surface free energy value of 75 mJ/m2 and crack resistance of 6.0 MPam1/2. This material is biocompatible due to the formation of carbonate hydroxyapatite crystals already on the 14th day, which allows us to consider its promising use in the treatment of fractures, defects of long bones and in the replacement of short or tubular bones.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74419431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on efficiency of new multifunctional compositions for preparation of oil for transportation 新型多功能组合物制备运输用油的效能研究

Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-41-50

H. Gurbanov, A. Gasimzade

{"title":"Study on efficiency of new multifunctional compositions for preparation of oil for transportation","authors":"H. Gurbanov, A. Gasimzade","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-41-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-41-50","url":null,"abstract":"We studied the effect of individual reagents and new compositions on demulsification of stable water-oil emulsions produced from the wells of Muradkhanli and Balakhani fields, SOCAR. The corrosion protection effect of three new compositions designated as A, B and C in water-oil emulsion, as well as the effect of surface tension on freezing temperature are discussed in the article. Composition A contained the reagents ND-12 and Alkan, composition B contained reagents ND-12 and Gossypol resin, and composition C contained the reagents BAF, ND-12, Gossypol resin and Dissolvan-4411. Physical and chemical properties of the oil samples taken for the research were studied by known methods. The results of the obtained laboratory experiments gave reason to say that mainly one composition, B, has the highest demulsifying effect. In addition to the demulsifying effect of compositions A, B and C, the corrosion protection effect was also studied under laboratory conditions. In this regard, water-oil emulsion was used as an aggressive corrosion medium. The rate of corrosion was determined by gravimetric method in both reagent-free and reagent-containing mediums, and the corrosion protection effect of the compositions was calculated. Thus, the protection effect of composition B was 98.1% in Muradkhanli oil sample, and 97.8% in Balakhani oil sample. Moreover, the effect of all three newly prepared compositions on the surface tension and freezing temperature of the studied Muradkhanli and Balakhani oil samples were investigated. It was established that the composition C has the highest effect on the reduction of surface tension and freezing temperature of oil samples.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81976061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Suspension oligomerization of C9 hydrocarbon fraction initiated by aliphatic N-substituted aminoperoxides 由脂肪族n -取代氨基过氧化物引发的C9烃组分的悬浮低聚反应

Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-105-112

R. Subtelnyy, Y. Zhuravskyi, B. Dzinyak

{"title":"Suspension oligomerization of C9 hydrocarbon fraction initiated by aliphatic N-substituted aminoperoxides","authors":"R. Subtelnyy, Y. Zhuravskyi, B. Dzinyak","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-105-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-105-112","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the production of petroleum resins by suspension oligomerization of С9 hydrocarbon fraction initiated by aliphatic aminoperoxides. The reaction mixture consisted of a dispersion medium (water), a dispersed phase (C9 fraction), an initiator, which is soluble in the dispersed phase, and a suspension stabilizer. In the range of variables studied, reaction temperature (313–353 K) and initiator concentration (0.032–0.096 mol/l) do not have a significant effect on the oligomers yield. The process conditions most influencing the course of suspension oligomerization of the С9 fraction are as follows: stirring intensity (Re=2290–13450) with the correlation index of 0.88, reaction time (30–240 min) with the correlation index of 0.87 and the ratio of dispersed phase to dispersed medium (1:1–1:4) with the correlation index of –0.91. The correlation between the yield and bromine number (correlation index of –0.82) confirmed the passage of oligomerization reaction via the unsaturated bonds of the monomer. The hydrocarbon resins obtained by low-temperature suspension oligomerization were mainly cooligomers of styrene and its derivatives. As a result of suspension oligomerization at low temperatures, products were obtained which were characterized by a light color (color index of 10–20 mg I2/100 ml), a molecular weight of 505–530 and a softening point of 347–354 K.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"2013 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87734548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reaction of 2-methyl-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4H-1,3-benzoxazin-4-one with diazonium salts 2-甲基-2,3,5,6,7,8-六氢- 4h -1,3-苯并恶嗪-4- 1与重氮盐的反应

Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-36-40

S. Varenichenko, O. Farat, K. Yanova, V. Markov

{"title":"Reaction of 2-methyl-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4H-1,3-benzoxazin-4-one with diazonium salts","authors":"S. Varenichenko, O. Farat, K. Yanova, V. Markov","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-36-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-36-40","url":null,"abstract":"We found that the interaction of 2-methyl-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-4H-1,3-benzoxazin-4-one with various activated and non-activated diazonium salts in hydrochloric and acetic acids leads to the formation of corresponding previously unknown arylhydrazones with high yields, independent of the structure of the diazo component. The azo coupling reaction proceeds at the non-activated sp3-hybrid C-8 atom due to the activating action of the acid medium with the formation of 2-methyl-6,7-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzoxazine-4,8(3H,5H)-dione 8-arylhydrazone. This reaction proceeds regioselectively at the C-8 atom due to steric hindrances, namely the large size of the diazonium salts. The structures of the synthesized arylhydrazones were confirmed by modern physicochemical methods of analysis including 1Н NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The discovered reaction allows synthesizing arylhydrazones, which are difficult to access by other methods in one step. Isolation of the reaction products is not difficult and can be achieved by simple filtration after neutralization. The resulting arylhydrazones can be used as building blocks in organic synthesis and as ligands for binding metal ions.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84464807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The assessment of sustainability indicators for triglycerides transesterification with alcohols catalyzed by ion exchange resins 离子交换树脂催化甘油三酯与醇酯交换可持续性指标评价

Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-58-68

Y. Melnyk, S. Melnyk, H. Mahorivska

{"title":"The assessment of sustainability indicators for triglycerides transesterification with alcohols catalyzed by ion exchange resins","authors":"Y. Melnyk, S. Melnyk, H. Mahorivska","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-58-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-58-68","url":null,"abstract":"The research was aimed at determining the dependences of sustainability indicators on the parameters of the sunflower oil transesterification with ethyl, propyl, and butyl alcohol catalyzed by anion exchange resin AV-17-8 with OH– ions or cation exchange resin KU-2-8 with H+ or immobilized Zn2+, Sn2+, Ni2+, Co2+, and Cu2+ ions. Such sustainability indicators as the E-factor, atomic efficiency, mass intensity and mass productivity, reaction mass efficiency, stoichiometric factor, etc., have been determined. We established that sustainability indicators of transesterification catalyzed by ion exchange resins depend on the yield of higher fatty acid esters that can be achieved by immobilized metal ions. The unreacted alcohol regeneration significantly reduces the E-factor value and increases the reaction mass efficiency. During the sunflower oil ethanolysis, the minimum E-factor value is achieved at the ethyl alcohol:triglyceride molar ratio corresponding to the maximum yield of higher fatty acid esters. The reaction mass efficiency calculated without considering the unreacted alcohol regeneration is one of the criteria for determining its regeneration expediency. The sustainability indicators are the additional criteria for selecting optimal conditions of the sunflower oil transesterification with aliphatic alcohols catalyzed by ion exchange resins. The calculated sustainability indicators indicate that the investigated ion exchange resins as heterogeneous transesterification catalysts provide a high yield of higher fatty acid esters. Using the researched catalysts ensures a low E-factor, making the process environmentally friendly.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88612769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spectral-luminescent properties of Zn(II) curcuminates 锌(II)姜黄酸盐的光谱发光性质

Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-26-35

О.S. О.S. Berezhnytska, О.K. Trunova, A. Horbenko, N. Ivakha

{"title":"Spectral-luminescent properties of Zn(II) curcuminates","authors":"О.S. О.S. Berezhnytska, О.K. Trunova, A. Horbenko, N. Ivakha","doi":"10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-26-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2023-149-4-26-35","url":null,"abstract":"1,7-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione (curcumin, Cur) and mono- and mixed Zn(II) complexes based on it were synthesized using the improved method. It was established that curcumin forms metal chelates of the composition ZnCur22Н2О and Zn(Cur)2Phen with the zinc ion. Coordination of the curcumin ligand with the central atom is bidentate cyclic through the -diketone group, and the ortho-methoxyphenol fragment of Cur does not participate in chelation. The fluorescent properties of all synthesized compounds were studied. It was shown that the complex formation of zinc with curcumin causes an increase in the relative intensity of fluorescence and a shift of the emission band to the long-wave region. This indicates both the complexation process and the sensitizing effect of the zinc ion. When phenatroline is added to the zinc(II) complex, the fluorescence emission maximum undergoes a bathochromic shift compared to the ZnCur2 monoligand complex, and the relative fluorescence intensity decreases by 2.5 times. The shift of the radiation maximum to the region of low energies is due to the coordination of the phenathroline molecule to metal ions; and the decrease in emission is due to the shielding ability of the phenathroline donor molecule in relation to the weaker curcumin donor, which increases the number of non-radiative energy losses caused by its inefficient transfer due to the large energy gap between the triplet levels of the ligands.","PeriodicalId":23684,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83748772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0