Wellcome Open Research最新文献

{"title":"Role of traditional healers in the management of microbial keratitis in eastern Nepal.","authors":"Sandip Das Sanyam, Reena Yadav, Abeer H A Mohamed Ahmed, Simon Arunga, Astrid Leck, David Macleod, Abhishek Roshan, Sanjay K Singh, Sailesh K Mishra, Jeremy J Hoffman, Matthew J Burton, Tara Mtuy","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.21241.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.21241.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microbial Keratitis (MK) is a leading cause of corneal blindness due to infection and its consequences, with a higher incidence in resource-limited nations. Hospital-based patient records from different parts of Nepal suggest patients often use traditional eye medicine to treat MK. Traditional healers (TH) within the community are often the first point of care for MK management. Little is known of their practice, perceptions, and knowledge around MK management. We aimed to understand the role of traditional healers in the management of MK in south-eastern Nepal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, mixed method, descriptive study was conducted in the Siraha district of Nepal. A total of 109 traditional healers consented to participate in a survey of knowledge, attitude, and practices. Some participants were also invited to participate in in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Interviews and focus groups were conducted and recorded in the Maithili language by a native speaking interviewer and transcribed into English. Descriptive analysis was performed for the survey. Data saturation was considered the endpoint for qualitative data collection, and a thematic was analysis applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Traditional healers believe that infection of the eye can be caused by trauma, conjunctivitis, or evil spirits. They were unclear about differentiating MK from other eye conditions. They provided various types of treatment. Some were confident that they could treat severe ulcers that had not responded to medical therapy, while others thought treating larger diameter ulcers would be difficult. Although there were mixed responses in referring patients with MK, the majority of TH were willing to refer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In a weak health system, traditional healers may help address barriers to healthcare access and reduce delays to definitive care, upon integration into the formal health system and referral pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11541071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142605140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of the sardine, <i>Sardina pilchardus</i> (Walbaum, 1792).","authors":"Rachel Brittain, Patrick Adkins, Kesella Scott-Somme, Joanna Harley, Vengamanaidu Modepali","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22826.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22826.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual <i>Sardina pilchardus</i> (the sardine; Chordata; Actinopteri; Clupeiformes; Clupeidae). The genome sequence spans 869.40 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 24 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.57 kilobases in length.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11582392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142711109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of spotted medick, <i>Medicago arabi</i>ca (L.) Huds. (Fabaceae).","authors":"Maarten J M Christenhusz, Michael F Fay, Ilia J Leitch","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.20996.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.20996.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual <i>Medicago arabica</i> (the spotted medick; Tracheophyta; Magnoliopsida; Fabales; Fabaceae). The genome sequence is 515.5 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 8 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 324.47 kilobases and 125.07 kilobases in length, respectively. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 24,619 protein-coding genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11574327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142677222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of a tachinid fly, <i>Linnaemya vulpina</i> (Fallén, 1810).","authors":"Olga Sivell, Ryan Mitchell, Chris Raper","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23296.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23296.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual male tachinid fly, <i>Linnaemya vulpina</i> (Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Tachinidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 554.00 megabases. Most of the assembly (98.85%) is scaffolded into 7 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X and Y sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.72 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 11,599 protein-coding genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"643"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of the small nettle, <i>Urtica urens</i> L. (Urticaceae).","authors":"Maarten J M Christenhusz, Alex D Twyford","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23187.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23187.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from a specimen of small nettle, <i>Urtica urens</i> (Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Rosales; Urticaceae). The genome sequence has a total length of 339.60 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 12 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 335.02 kilobases and 147.51 kilobases, respectively. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 18,378 protein-coding genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"639"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of a woodlouse fly, <i>Melanophora roralis</i> (Linnaeus, 1758).","authors":"Ryan Mitchell, Olga Sivell","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23295.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23295.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual female woodlouse fly, <i>Melanophora roralis</i> (Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Rhinophoridae). The genome sequence has a total length of 565.10 megabases. Most of the assembly (98.9%) is scaffolded into 6 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 19.44 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 20,321 protein-coding genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"637"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11628945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142807967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of Hoary Whitlowgrass, <i>Draba incana</i> L.","authors":"Markus Ruhsam","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23202.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23202.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from a specimen of <i>Draba incana</i> (Streptophyta; Magnoliopsida; Brassicales; Brassicaceae). The genome sequence has a total length of 667.80 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 16 chromosomal pseudomolecules, supporting the specimen being an allotetraploid (2 <i>n</i> = 32). The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 283.08 kilobases and 153.57 kilobases, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"630"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of the hawkweed Cheilosia, <i>Cheilosia urbana</i> (Meigen, 1822).","authors":"Steven Falk, Iva Gorše","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.19569.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.19569.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual female <i>Cheilosia urbana</i> (the hawkweed Cheilosia; Arthropoda; Insecta; Diptera; Syrphidae). The genome sequence is 546.9 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 5 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.08 kilobases in length.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":" ","pages":"311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11282393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48918246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of the alder spittlebug, <i>Aphrophora alni</i> (Fallén, 1805).","authors":"Andy Griffiths, Stephen Moran, Liam M Crowley","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23248.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23248.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual male <i>Aphrophora alni</i> (the alder spittlebug; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hemiptera; Aphrophoridae). The genome sequence has a total length of 1,781.50 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 15 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 27.61 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 13,940 protein-coding genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"632"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142688526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ubuntu Way: Ensuring Ethical AI Integration in Health Research.","authors":"Brenda Odero, David Nderitu, Gabrielle Samuel","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23021.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23021.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in health research has grown rapidly, particularly in African nations, which have also been developing data protection laws and AI strategies. However, the ethical frameworks governing AI use in health research are often based on Western philosophies, focusing on individualism, and may not fully address the unique challenges and cultural contexts of African communities. This paper advocates for the incorporation of African philosophies, specifically <i>Ubuntu,</i> into AI health research ethics frameworks to better align with African values and contexts. This study explores the concept of <i>Ubuntu,</i> a philosophy that emphasises communalism, interconnectedness, and collective well-being, and its application to AI health research ethics. By analysing existing global AI ethics frameworks and contrasting them with the <i>Ubuntu</i> philosophy, a new ethics framework is proposed that integrates these perspectives. The framework is designed to address ethical challenges at individual, community, national, and environmental levels, with a particular focus on the African context. The proposed framework highlights four key principles derived from <i>Ubuntu</i>: communalism and openness, harmony and support, research prioritisation and community empowerment, and community-oriented decision-making. These principles are aligned with global ethical standards such as justice, beneficence, transparency, and accountability but are adapted to reflect the communal and relational values inherent in <i>Ubuntu</i>. The framework aims to ensure that AI-driven health research benefits communities equitably, respects local contexts and promotes long-term sustainability. Integrating <i>Ubuntu</i> into AI health research ethics can address the limitations of current frameworks that emphasise individualism. This approach not only aligns with African values but also offers a model that could be applied more broadly to enhance the ethical governance of AI in health research worldwide. By prioritising communal well-being, inclusivity, and environmental stewardship, the proposed framework has the potential to foster more responsible and contextually relevant AI health research practices in Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"9 ","pages":"625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11599802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142740606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}