Wellcome Open Research最新文献

{"title":"The genome sequence of the Red Sword-grass moth, <i>Xylena vetusta</i> (Hubner, 1813) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).","authors":"Michael F Geiser, Inez Januszczak, Andrew Griffiths","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.27382.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.27382.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual male <i>Xylena vetusta</i> (Red Sword-grass; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae). The assembly contains two haplotypes with total lengths of 611.09 megabases and 608.87 megabases. Most of haplotype 1 (99.67%) is scaffolded into 31 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. Haplotype 2 was assembled to scaffold level. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 15.42 kilobases. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"11 ","pages":"545"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of the Small Seraphim, <i>Pterapherapteryx sexalata</i> (Retzius, 1783) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae).","authors":"Laura Sivess, Chris Fletcher, Dominic Phillips","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.27368.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.27368.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual male <i>Pterapherapteryx sexalata</i> (Small Seraphim; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Geometridae). The assembly contains two haplotypes with total lengths of 289.12 megabases and 306.72 megabases. Most of haplotype 1 (98.84%) is scaffolded into 32 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome and the B ₁ chromosome. Haplotype 2 was assembled to scaffold level. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 15.63 kilobases. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"11 ","pages":"540"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melioidosis in South Asia: Scientific Advances, Regional Challenges and One Health Perspectives-An Integrated Research Synthesis from the 4th South Asian Melioidosis Congress.","authors":"Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay, Chimanjita Phukan, Saurav Jyoti Patgiri, Harpreet Kaur, Bart J Currie, David Ab Dance","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.27378.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.27378.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Melioidosis, caused by <i>Burkholderia pseudomallei</i>, is a severe tropical infection with diverse clinical manifestations and high mortality if untreated. Although endemic in Southeast Asia and northern Australia, its burden is increasingly recognized in South Asia, where the disease remains underdiagnosed and is frequently misclassified as tuberculosis or other infections. This review synthesizes the contemporary scientific evidence and expert consensus emerging from the 4th South Asian Melioidosis Congress held in Guwahati, Assam, India, in November 2025.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an integrated narrative synthesis of the scientific content presented at the Congress, including plenary lectures, oral and poster presentations, panel discussions, and case-based deliberations. Topics encompassed epidemiology, clinical manifestations, laboratory diagnostics, genomics, treatment strategies, outbreak investigations, antimicrobial resistance, and One Health perspectives across South and Southeast Asia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Congress highlighted expanding geographic recognition of melioidosis across India and neighbouring countries, with reported cases likely representing only a small fraction of the true disease burden. Clinical discussions emphasized marked heterogeneity in presentation and strong associations with diabetes mellitus, environmental exposure, and the monsoon season. Advances in diagnostics included broader implementation of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, molecular assays, and rapid diagnostic tests, although significant gaps remain in laboratory capacity, surveillance, and clinical recognition. Genomic investigations demonstrated substantial strain diversity while identifying conserved virulence determinants that may support surveillance and outbreak investigations. Participants also underscored the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration, standardized diagnostic practices, and regional data sharing to improve case detection and patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Melioidosis remains an underrecognized but increasingly important public health challenge in South Asia. Strengthening surveillance systems, expanding diagnostic capacity, improving clinician awareness, fostering regional laboratory networks, and adopting coordinated One Health strategies are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. The Congress also reinforced the need for sustained advocacy toward recognition of melioidosis as a neglected tropical disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"11 ","pages":"535"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of the Copper-tipped Ermine, <i>Pseudoswammerdamia combinella</i> (Hübner, 1786) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae).","authors":"Laura Sivess, Gavin R Broad, Stephanie Holt","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.27367.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.27367.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual female <i>Pseudoswammerdamia combinella</i> (Copper-tipped Ermine; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Yponomeutidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 604.80 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.84%) is scaffolded into 32 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the W and Z sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 16.16 kilobases. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"11 ","pages":"537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13583344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149001660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The chromosomal genome sequence of an acoel, <i>Convolutriloba macropyga</i> Shannon & Achatz, 2007 (Acoela: Convolutidae).","authors":"Francesca Pinton, Andreas Hejnol, Jose Victor Lopez, Nina Pruzinsky, Graeme Oatley, Elizabeth Sinclair, Eerik Aunin, Noah Gettle, Camilla Santos, Michael Paulini, Haoyu Niu, Victoria McKenna, Rebecca O'Brien","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.27384.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.27384.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from a specimen of <i>Convolutriloba macropyga</i> (acoel; Xenacoelomorpha; Acoela; Convolutidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 1 175.98 megabases. Most of the assembly (88.04%) is scaffolded into 15 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 15.47 kilobases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"11 ","pages":"533"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149171734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of <i>Gardnerycteris keenani</i> (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae, Stenodermatinae; Handley, 1960).","authors":"Nancy B Simmons, Melissa R de Waal, Meike Mai, Larry N Singh, Philge Philip, Laramie L Lindsey, Ning Zhang, Jonathan L Gray, Samuel C Talbot, Brian P O'Toole, Kirsty McCaffrey, Giulio Formenti, Linelle Abueg, Bonhwang Koo, Myrtani Pieri, Emma C Teeling, Erich D Jarvis, Sonja C Vernes","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.26494.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.26494.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual male <i>Gardnerycteris keenani</i> (Chordata; Mammalia; Chiroptera; Phyllostomidae). The genome sequence is 2.2 Gb in span. The majority of the assembly is scaffolded into 32 chromosomal pseudomolecules, with the X and Y sex chromosomes assembled.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"11 ","pages":"527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13562959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148956696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gambling behaviour of Bradford teenagers: evidence from the Born in Bradford Age of Wonder study.","authors":"Gillian Santorelli, Jane West, John Pickavance","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.25913.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.25913.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gambling among young people is a public health concern, and gambling-like mechanics in digital games (e.g., loot boxes) may increase exposure. We estimated the prevalence of traditional gambling and gambling-like online behaviours among adolescents in Bradford.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Born in Bradford's Age of Wonder survey (2023-24) collected self-reported gambling behaviours from pupils in Years 8-10 (ages 12-15) across secondary schools. Invalid responses were excluded, yielding analytic samples for traditional gambling (n=7,257) and online gaming behaviours (n=7,828). Prevalence was summarised by year group, sex, and ethnicity (Pakistani British, White British, Other).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 7,254 pupils, 28.7% reported ever spending money on at least one gambling activity. Prevalence was similar for males (29.6%) and females (28.0%) and across year groups (Year 8: 30.8%; Year 9: 28.1%; Year 10: 27.1%). The most common activity was fruit/slot machines (16.7%), followed by private bets (7.9%) and playing cards for money (6.7%). Marked ethnic differences were observed: White British pupils were more likely to report ever gambling (45.8%) than Pakistani British pupils (15.8%) and pupils of other ethnicities (24.1%).Among 7,825 pupils answering online gaming questions, 55.8% had spent real money in at least one online game, 27.2% had purchased loot boxes/packs, and 3.3% had bet with in-game items. Males reported higher in-game spending than females (73.2% vs 39.8%), and White British pupils reported higher spending than Pakistani British pupils (66.8% vs 46.3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gambling and gambling-like behaviours are common among Bradford adolescents, with substantial demographic variation, particularly by ethnicity and sex. Findings support culturally sensitive, targeted public health and school-based prevention strategies addressing both traditional gambling and gambling-like online mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"11 ","pages":"112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13654074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149172067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnic differences in the patterns, incidence and prevalence of multiple long-term conditions: a systematic review protocol.","authors":"Irene F Bossman, Barbara I Nicholl, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Susan Browne, Valerie Wells, Catherine A O'Donnell","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.25227.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.25227.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple long-term conditions (MLTC) or multimorbidity is increasing among populations worldwide in the last decades. Less is known about the prevalence, incidence, socio-demographic patterning and combinations of long-term conditions among different ethnic groups globally. This systematic review protocol plans to review the current literature to understand the incidence, patterns, prevalence, and impact of MLTC in different ethnic populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review will include quantitative studies (cohort studies, cross-sectional, case-control, and baseline data from Randomised Control Trials) reporting on MLTC among adults across different ethnic groups in all settings (primary care, community or hospital). The following databases will be searched: Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ASSIA and COCHRANE CENTRAL using a combination of search terms including MLTC or multimorbidity and ethnicity. The exposure of interest is ethnicity, and included studies will report on at least one of these outcomes by ethnicity or a proxy of it: 1. prevalence and incidence of MLTC; 2. MLTC types (combinations or patterns of conditions including physical-only, mental and physical and complex multimorbidity, which is three or more (3+) chronic conditions across 3+ body system), and 3. health related outcomes (healthcare utilisation and mortality). Two reviewers will screen potential articles by titles/abstracts and full texts independently. A synthesis without meta-analysis approach to comprehensively summarise the key attributes and findings reported from each included study will be employed initially. Meta-analysis will be conducted where data allow, to estimate the risk of MLTC in minority ethnic groups vs majority ethnicity.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Some studies suggest people from ethnic minority backgrounds have a greater burden of MLTC, yet they are usually underserved in health research. Synthesising primary studies that focus on MLTC and ethnicity in this review will provide a global overview of prevalence or incidence data and their reported health outcomes among diverse ethnic populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"11 ","pages":"215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13598395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genome sequence of the Woodland Marble, <i>Orthotaenia undulana</i> (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae).","authors":"Liam M Crowley","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.27389.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.27389.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a genome assembly from an individual male <i>Orthotaenia undulana</i> (Woodland Marble; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Tortricidae). The assembly contains two haplotypes with total lengths of 415.81 megabases and 414.51 megabases. Most of haplotype 1 (99.51%) is scaffolded into 28 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. Haplotype 2 was assembled to scaffold level. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled, with a length of 16.74 kilobases. This assembly was generated as part of the Darwin Tree of Life project, which produces genomes for eukaryotic species found in Britain and Ireland.</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"11 ","pages":"521"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13620359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What is the impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) on outcomes in people living with chronic hepatitis B (CHB)? An umbrella review protocol.","authors":"Emily Martyn, Jessica Carter, Maeve Barlow, Flora Olcott, Indrajit Ghosh, Elizabeth Waddilove, Alejandro Arenas-Pinto, Richard Gilson, Stuart Flanagan, Wd Francois Venter, Jennifer Manne-Goehler, Sally Hargreaves, Emmanouil Tsochatizis, Douglas MacDonald, Philippa C Matthews","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.26466.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.26466.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>An estimated 254 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) and 1.6 billion with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) worldwide. CHB remains a major global health challenge, despite a robust vaccine and suppressive antiviral treatment, and MASLD prevalence is increasing in line with a rise in cardiometabolic risk factors, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Thus, understanding the impact of concurrent CHB and MASLD on liver health is important to inform clinical practice and population surveillance. Current literature, including over ten systematic reviews and meta-analyses, yields conflicting evidence about the interplay between CHB and MASLD. This protocol describes a study aiming to critically appraise published systematic reviews investigating the effect of MASLD on liver outcomes in people living with CHB, identify gaps in the available data and assist scientists and clinicians in informing future research design.</p><p><strong>Methods and analysis: </strong>We will use umbrella review methodology from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) to evaluate and synthesise evidence from existing systematic reviews and meta-analysis investigating liver and viral outcomes (fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, response to antiviral treatment, and impact on CHB biomarkers e.g. hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B e-antigen and viral load) in CHB and MASLD, compared to CHB alone. We will search Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, PubMed and Web of Science. We will assess methodological quality using the Assessing the Quality of Systematic Reviews-2 (AMSTAR-2) tool, compare study characteristics and present important results.</p><p><strong>Ethics and dissemination: </strong>No ethics approval is required as we will use only data from systematic reviews that are already published. Results will be included in a PhD thesis, submitted for consideration for presentation at international conferences and for peer review for publication in a scientific journal. We will endeavour to share results with relevant public and patient organisations. <b>Registration details</b> This umbrella review has been published on PROSPERO (ID CRD420261308282).</p>","PeriodicalId":23677,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"11 ","pages":"285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13562955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148956704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}