Waste Management & Research最新文献

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Pollution risk assessment in sub-basins of an open dump using drones and geographic information systems. 基于无人机和地理信息系统的露天排土场子流域污染风险评估
IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
Waste Management & Research Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1177/0734242X251314180
Patricio Gallardo García Freire, Emiliano Matías, Agustina Malizia, Ana Carolina Monmany-Garzia, Alberto Galindo-Cardona
{"title":"Pollution risk assessment in sub-basins of an open dump using drones and geographic information systems.","authors":"Patricio Gallardo García Freire, Emiliano Matías, Agustina Malizia, Ana Carolina Monmany-Garzia, Alberto Galindo-Cardona","doi":"10.1177/0734242X251314180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X251314180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The sustainable management of municipal solid waste (MSW) presents a pressing global challenge. This study introduces an innovative methodology for analysing open dumps in Tucumán, Argentina, using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and DroneDeploy software for data collection, coupled with QGIS for estimating contamination risk at the sub-basin level. By integrating satellite imagery, ground surveys, high-resolution UAV imagery and a multi-criteria decision analysis within geographic information system, we provide a comprehensive overview of dumpsite conditions at one open dump. Commercial drone flights facilitate the rapid and cost-effective creation of digital elevation models and digital terrain models, along with orthomosaic imagery, from which waste footprints are delineated using artificial intelligence to enhance the understanding of geospatial issues. Approaching data layers, such as leachate pools, riverbanks and solar radiation, supports informed decision-making in MSW management through a replicable methodology. Field validation and the inclusion of subsurface and groundwater processes are recommended for future research to improve accuracy and maximize socio-ecological benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":23671,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management & Research","volume":" ","pages":"734242X251314180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Eco-management of end-of-life tires: Advances and challenges for the Ecuadorian case. 报废轮胎的生态管理:厄瓜多尔案例的进展与挑战。
IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
Waste Management & Research Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-23 DOI: 10.1177/0734242X241237104
León Padilla, Ángela Díaz, Wendy Anzules
{"title":"Eco-management of end-of-life tires: Advances and challenges for the Ecuadorian case.","authors":"León Padilla, Ángela Díaz, Wendy Anzules","doi":"10.1177/0734242X241237104","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0734242X241237104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this research is to analyse the performance of the extended producer responsibility model for the management of end-of-life tires (ELTs) in Ecuador that has been implemented since 2013. For this research, we conducted case studies of, and subsequently, a comparative analysis between, the ELT management system in Ecuador with respect to the ELT management models in Colombia and Brazil. Our findings show that although the programme implementation represented a significant advance in Ecuador's waste management system there are important challenges that should be considered in future adaptations of the programme. Among the measures that can be adopted to improve the ELT management system are the consolidation and stimulation of the market for products made from ELT waste; promotion of other productive sectors linked to the creation of new products and sectors that generate complementary products; enhancement of the generation, socialization and access to knowledge of the waste by-products for micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises; increase the tire consumer fee, known as 'Ecovalor' and improvement of the quality and availability of information and indicators regarding ELT management. In this sense, the experiences of Colombia and Brazil show important lessons for the Ecuadorian case.</p>","PeriodicalId":23671,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management & Research","volume":" ","pages":"181-191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140194692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Engineering design and application of large-scale oil-based drilling cuttings treatment project. 大型油基钻屑处理项目的工程设计和应用。
IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
Waste Management & Research Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1177/0734242X241231393
Yue Zhou, Chao Deng, Xiao Chen, Yi He, Gang Fang, Zhaodi Jin, Yanping Liu
{"title":"Engineering design and application of large-scale oil-based drilling cuttings treatment project.","authors":"Yue Zhou, Chao Deng, Xiao Chen, Yi He, Gang Fang, Zhaodi Jin, Yanping Liu","doi":"10.1177/0734242X241231393","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0734242X241231393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thermal phase separation technology is a new comprehensive treatment technology, which heats oil-based cuttings to a certain temperature to vaporize oil and water components. Based on a large oil-based drilling cuttings comprehensive utilization project, the engineering design and application effect of thermal phase separation technology were analysed. The practice shows that thermal phase separation technology can reduce the oil content of purified residue to 0.1-0.2%, the average recovery rate of base oil is 94.12% and the annual recovery of base oil is about 4800 t; the purified residue does not have corrosive, leaching toxicity and other dangerous characteristics, and can be used for making bricks or building materials. Thermal phase separation technology is a comprehensive utilization and treatment technology with excellent engineering and environmental benefits, which has a high promotion value.</p>","PeriodicalId":23671,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management & Research","volume":" ","pages":"282-292"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140159137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Removal of heavy metals in water-extracted solution through adsorption by palygorskite and stabilization by comilling. 通过叶蜡石吸附和堆焊稳定去除水提取溶液中的重金属。
IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
Waste Management & Research Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1177/0734242X241237107
Chang-Jung Sun, Sue-Huai Gau, Yu-Kai Huang, Ming-Guo Li, Jing Wang
{"title":"Removal of heavy metals in water-extracted solution through adsorption by palygorskite and stabilization by comilling.","authors":"Chang-Jung Sun, Sue-Huai Gau, Yu-Kai Huang, Ming-Guo Li, Jing Wang","doi":"10.1177/0734242X241237107","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0734242X241237107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Removing water-soluble chlorides (WSCs) through water extraction is a common pretreatment technology for recycling municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash (FA). However, the extracted solution often contains heavy metals, the concentrations of which exceed standards for effluent. This study aims to investigate the adsorption of heavy metals by palygorskite in water-extracted solution and explore the feasibility of stabilizing heavy metals through comilling palygorskite-adsorbed heavy metals (PAHMs) with water-extracted fly ash (WFA). The experimental parameters include: two-stage water extraction with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 5, adding 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 or 3 g of palygorskite to 100 mL of water-extracted solution, and comilling the mixture of PAHMs and WFA for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24 or 96 hours. The experimental results revealed that 3 g of palygorskite in 100 mL of extracted solution could absorb Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn, meeting the effluent standards. The total amount of Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn removal rate reached 99.7%. Moreover, 98.44% of the WSCs were not adsorbed, the water extraction process for removing WSCs was not compromised. After the comilling of PAHMs and WFA, the distribution of the heavy metals in the milled blended powder was greater than 99.44%; moreover, toxicity characteristic leaching procedure concentrations were determined to conform to regulatory standards, and the sequential extraction procedure revealed that the heavy metals tended to be in stable fractions. This achieves the goal of preventing secondary pollution from heavy metals during the MSWI FA recycling process.</p>","PeriodicalId":23671,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management & Research","volume":" ","pages":"232-240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140144186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Environmental ethics considerations in circular economy and waste management. 循环经济和废物管理中的环境伦理考虑。
IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
Waste Management & Research Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1177/0734242X241299891
Antonis A Zorpas, Vincenzo Naddeo, Irene Voukkali, Elpida Vraka, Anke Bockreis
{"title":"Environmental ethics considerations in circular economy and waste management.","authors":"Antonis A Zorpas, Vincenzo Naddeo, Irene Voukkali, Elpida Vraka, Anke Bockreis","doi":"10.1177/0734242X241299891","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0734242X241299891","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23671,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management & Research","volume":" ","pages":"133-136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142628818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-strength gypsum binder with improved water-resistance coefficient derived from industrial wastes. 从工业废料中提取的具有更高抗水系数的高强度石膏粘结剂。
IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
Waste Management & Research Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1177/0734242X241240042
Maksim Kamarou, Dmitry Moskovskikh, Kirill Kuskov, Sergey Yudin, Abayomi Adewale Akinwande, Andrey Smorokov, Yasin Onuralp Özkılıç, Mohanad Yaseen Abdulwahid, Abhijit Bhowmik, Elena Romanovskaia, Natalia Korob, Andrei Paspelau, Valentin Romanovski
{"title":"High-strength gypsum binder with improved water-resistance coefficient derived from industrial wastes.","authors":"Maksim Kamarou, Dmitry Moskovskikh, Kirill Kuskov, Sergey Yudin, Abayomi Adewale Akinwande, Andrey Smorokov, Yasin Onuralp Özkılıç, Mohanad Yaseen Abdulwahid, Abhijit Bhowmik, Elena Romanovskaia, Natalia Korob, Andrei Paspelau, Valentin Romanovski","doi":"10.1177/0734242X241240042","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0734242X241240042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article presents the possibility of increasing the water resistance of gypsum binders (GBs) obtained based on synthetic gypsum by introducing additives derived from industrial wastes. Regularities were obtained for the influence of the type and amount of additives on the water/gypsum ratio (W/G), strength indicators and water resistance of high-strength GB. The introduction of a single-component additive to improve water resistance does not have a significant effect. Complex additives based on Portland cement, granulated blast-furnace slag, electric steel-smelting slag, expanded clay dust and granite screenings of various fractions have been developed that make the maximum contribution to improving the water resistance of a high-strength GB based on synthetic calcium sulphate dihydrate, which made it possible to increase the water-resistance coefficient from 0.39 to 0.82.</p>","PeriodicalId":23671,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management & Research","volume":" ","pages":"213-224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140185670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development and validation of a questionnaire for assessing the determinants that predict household recycling (ReDom Questionnaire). 开发和验证用于评估预测家庭回收的决定因素的问卷(ReDom 问卷)。
IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
Waste Management & Research Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1177/0734242X241240041
María Del Mar Fernandez-Alvarez, Marcelino Cuesta, Judit Cachero-Rodriguez, Benjamin Gardner, Alberto Lana, Ruben Martin-Payo
{"title":"Development and validation of a questionnaire for assessing the determinants that predict household recycling (ReDom Questionnaire).","authors":"María Del Mar Fernandez-Alvarez, Marcelino Cuesta, Judit Cachero-Rodriguez, Benjamin Gardner, Alberto Lana, Ruben Martin-Payo","doi":"10.1177/0734242X241240041","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0734242X241240041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing tendency towards 'urbanization' is promoting an increase in resource consumption and waste generation, which requires proper waste separation management with active participation of the population. To this end, it is essential to know the personal modifiable factors that predict recycling. The primary aim of the present study is to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a Spanish language questionnaire designed to measure determinants of household waste separation for recycling purposes (ReDom Questionnaire). A cross-cultural adaptation, translation and psychometric evaluation was undertaken of an extant questionnaire originally developed in Swedish, and the resultant Spanish questionnaire was then subjected to reliability and validity testing. The questionnaire was developed using survey data from 759 respondents and 33 participants performed the retest to assess reliability. The resultant 'ReDom Questionnaire' is composed of three factors that draw on relevant elements of the COM-B framework: motivation (seven items), physical opportunity (three items) and social opportunity (three items). The accuracy of the scores is adequate both in terms of internal consistency (factorial weights >0.60; comparative fit index = 0.994; root mean square error of approximation = 0.049; root mean square residual (RMSR) = 0.053) and reliability (Pearson correlation >0.65; Cronbach's alpha >0.75). In conclusion, the Spanish ReDom Questionnaire showed adequate psychometric properties and appears useful for assessing the determinants of household waste separation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23671,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management & Research","volume":" ","pages":"225-231"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140159136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Municipal solid waste management instruments that influence the use of the refuse as fuel in developing countries: A critical review. 影响发展中国家将垃圾用作燃料的城市固体废物管理工具:批判性评论。
IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
Waste Management & Research Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-22 DOI: 10.1177/0734242X241231402
Tânia Galavote, Gisele de Lorena Diniz Chaves, Luciana Harue Yamane, Renato Ribeiro Siman
{"title":"Municipal solid waste management instruments that influence the use of the refuse as fuel in developing countries: A critical review.","authors":"Tânia Galavote, Gisele de Lorena Diniz Chaves, Luciana Harue Yamane, Renato Ribeiro Siman","doi":"10.1177/0734242X241231402","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0734242X241231402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Landfills are the destination of most of the refuse generated whereas composting, material recycling, and Waste-to-Energy (WtE) technologies are not commonly employed in developing countries. However, the destination for energy purposes could be supplied with this refuse, improving the viability of energy use. Thus, this article raises some questions to identify aspects that could encourage its use as refuse-derived fuel (RDF) in these countries. Among them, does environmental education affect the municipal solid waste (MSW) source separation with emphasis on a destination? Can selective collection and extended producer responsibility (EPR) affect the MSW for energy recovery? Is there competition between the recycling market and the energy market for RDF? A systematic review of the literature was conducted to gather data and provide answers to such questions. This enabled to observe that EPR, selective collect expansion and source separation influence the quantity and quality of waste sent for energy use. Both internal and external factors impact on source separation. Additionally, there is evidence to support that despite several studies showing their technical, economic, environmental and social viability, the methods of energy usage of the refuse still need to improve their deployment in developing countries. In addition to identifying the main research gaps to be filled in future studies, the article also identified the instruments of MSW management that are to be applied in developing countries to divert recyclable and organic waste from landfill.</p>","PeriodicalId":23671,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management & Research","volume":" ","pages":"160-180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139933079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Solid waste generation prediction model framework using socioeconomic and demographic factors with real-time MSW collection data. 利用社会经济和人口因素以及实时 MSW 收集数据,建立固体废物产生预测模型框架。
IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
Waste Management & Research Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1177/0734242X241231414
Laurie Fontaine, Robert Legros, Jean-Marc Frayret
{"title":"Solid waste generation prediction model framework using socioeconomic and demographic factors with real-time MSW collection data.","authors":"Laurie Fontaine, Robert Legros, Jean-Marc Frayret","doi":"10.1177/0734242X241231414","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0734242X241231414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article proposes a framework for developing predictive models of end-of-life product flows, highlighting the importance of conducting thorough analyses before developing waste management and end-of-life product flow strategies. The framework emphasizes the importance of recognizing the nature and quality of the available data and finding a balance between model development time and detail requirements. It is designed to adapt to source material heterogeneity and address varying data availability scenarios, such as the presence or absence of radio frequency identification chips. A case study for the city of Gatineau is presented, showcasing the framework's application through agent-based simulation models in a geographic information systems environment. The study focuses on creating models of municipal solid waste generation based on socioeconomic and demographic factors and collection data to accurately predict the quantity and quality of waste streams, enabling municipalities to assess the environmental impact of their waste management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23671,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management & Research","volume":" ","pages":"267-281"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139973705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recycling solar-grade silicon from end-of-life photovoltaic modules by Al-Si solvent refining. 通过铝硅溶剂提炼从报废光伏组件中回收太阳能级硅。
IF 3.7 4区 环境科学与生态学
Waste Management & Research Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1177/0734242X241241602
Yanlei Li, Yiheng Tuo, Debao Zhang, Xiaoman Lu, Huili Han, Lindong Liu
{"title":"Recycling solar-grade silicon from end-of-life photovoltaic modules by Al-Si solvent refining.","authors":"Yanlei Li, Yiheng Tuo, Debao Zhang, Xiaoman Lu, Huili Han, Lindong Liu","doi":"10.1177/0734242X241241602","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0734242X241241602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of the solar market has been fast in the past decades, and the number of photovoltaic module installations is large. The photovoltaic modules have a lifetime of about 25 years and need recovery after that. The aluminium-back surface field (Al-BSF) module is the first kind of large-scale installed module and will come to its end of life in the next few years. The recycling of silicon material in the Al-BSF module is investigated in this work. The components of the module are separated, and the silicon material in the module is collected and then purified by (aluminium-silicon) Al-Si solvent refining for reuse. It is found that Al-Si solvent refining removed key impurity elements, namely boron and phosphorus, in the collected silicon. Kinetics has a great effect on boron and phosphorus removal, and boron and phosphorus contents in purified silicon decrease with decreasing cooling rate. The boron and phosphorus contents in silicon are lowered to 0.28 and 0.03 ppmw, respectively, after two times of Al-Si solvent refining with the cooling rate of 5.55 * 10<sup>-4</sup> K second<sup>-1</sup>, and it meets the requirement of solar-grade silicon.</p>","PeriodicalId":23671,"journal":{"name":"Waste Management & Research","volume":" ","pages":"207-212"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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