Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research最新文献_第4页

Recovering old grapevine varieties 恢复老葡萄藤品种

Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research Pub Date : 2020-07-30 DOI: 10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.101-103

J. García, R. Peiró, F. Martínez-Gil, J. Soler, C. Jiménez, A. Yuste, C. Xirivella, C. Gisbert

引用次数: 2

Resorption, mobilization and accumulation of metals in different parts of Vitis vinifera L. 金属在葡萄不同部位的吸收、动员和积累。

Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research Pub Date : 2020-07-30 DOI: 10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.105-109

N. Karavin, I. Batın

引用次数: 0

Towards a development of novel bioinsecticides for organic control of Planococcus ficus in vineyards 葡萄球菌有机防治新型生物杀虫剂的研究

Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.127-132

G. Deza-Borau, M. L. Peschiutta, V. D. Brito, V. Usseglio, M. Zunino, J. Zygadlo

{"title":"Towards a development of novel bioinsecticides for organic control of Planococcus ficus in vineyards","authors":"G. Deza-Borau, M. L. Peschiutta, V. D. Brito, V. Usseglio, M. Zunino, J. Zygadlo","doi":"10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.127-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.127-132","url":null,"abstract":"The mealybug species, Planococcus ficus Signoret (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is a pest that mainly affects grapevine plantations (Vitis vinifera L.), causing huge economic losses in the world. The numerous problems caused by the use of synthetic pesticides on the environment and human health have motivated the development and implementation of natural pesticides. The objective of this work was to develop effective and efficient contact bioinsecticide formulations for the control of P. ficus in vineyards. Anti-mealybug formulations were developed using (R)-(+)-pulegone as an active principle, TWEEN® 20 and soy lecithin powder as surfactants, and limonene and diatomaceous earth (DE) as insect waxy layer reducers. The insecticidal properties of formulations against vine mealybugs and their grapevine leaf phytotoxicity were evaluated in laboratory conditions. Pulegone+DE+Lecithin and Pulegone+Limonene+DE+Lecithin formulations showed the highest mortality rates of P. ficus (more than 70 % mortality) at 24 h and 48 h of treatment. This high mortality is probably due to an interaction between pulegone, DE and soy lecithin that allows more molecular mobility and increases the efficiency of the active substance, making it enter and act on the insect. In conclusion, the Pulegone+DE+Lecithin and Pulegone+Limonene+DE+Lecithin formulations can be an efficient tool for the organic control of P. ficus in vineyards.","PeriodicalId":23613,"journal":{"name":"Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"127-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75520925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Photosynthetic activity and grape yield of 'Alicante Bouschet' (Vitis vinifera L.) grapevines submitted to nitrogen supply methods and doses 不同氮素供应方式和剂量对阿利坎特·布舍特葡萄光合活性和产量的影响

Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.133-140

L. Stefanello, R. Schwalbert, A. R. Marques, C. Tarouco, B. B. Vitto, A. V. Krug, J. P. D. Santos, B. P. Galarza, J. Zalamena, H. P. Santos, G. W. Melo, G. Brunetto

{"title":"Photosynthetic activity and grape yield of 'Alicante Bouschet' (Vitis vinifera L.) grapevines submitted to nitrogen supply methods and doses","authors":"L. Stefanello, R. Schwalbert, A. R. Marques, C. Tarouco, B. B. Vitto, A. V. Krug, J. P. D. Santos, B. P. Galarza, J. Zalamena, H. P. Santos, G. W. Melo, G. Brunetto","doi":"10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.133-140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.133-140","url":null,"abstract":"The great majority of sandy soils present low nitrogen availability, generally below vines physiological demand, and therefore nitrogen fertilizer application, such as urea, is necessary. However, when urea is applied on the soil surface, the vine can use only a small amount of N. Thus, management strategies such as fertigation can increase N utilization by vine, reflecting in a greater photosynthetic activity and grape yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of nitrogen supply methods and doses on photosynthetic activity and grape yield of 'Alicante Bouschet' grapevines cultivated in sandy soil. The experiment was carried out in Santana do Livramento, in the southern region of Brazil, in a vineyard planted in 2011. The cultivar was 'Alicante Bouschet' grafted on '1103 Paulsen'. The experimental design was of randomized blocks in a bifactorial arrangement (dose x method). The N source used was urea (45 % N). The 0, 20, 60 and 100 kg N·ha-1 doses were applied on the soil surface, without irrigation (NWI) and via fertigation (NF). Photosynthetic activity, N concentration in leaves and grape yield during two growing seasons were evaluated. The application of N doses in soil increased N concentration in grapevine leaves by up to 53 % in NF and 18 % in NWI methods but did not affect yield. Strong correlations between yield and water use efficiency were also observed, evidencing a certain synchronism between the physiological demand of the grapevine and the offer of the adequate N dose by a more efficient method.","PeriodicalId":23613,"journal":{"name":"Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"133-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83541446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

'Kunbarat' and 'Kunleany' – full not half-siblings “Kunbarat”和“Kunleany”——完全不是同父异母的兄弟姐妹

Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research Pub Date : 2020-04-07 DOI: 10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.91-92

S. Müllner, Franco Röckel, E. Maul, E. Zyprian

{"title":"'Kunbarat' and 'Kunleany' – full not half-siblings","authors":"S. Müllner, Franco Röckel, E. Maul, E. Zyprian","doi":"10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.91-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.91-92","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The unfortunate introduction of the pathogens Erypsiphe necator (Schwein.) Burr. (Oidium, powdery mildew), Daktulosphaïra vitifoliae Fitch (Phylloxera) and Plasmopara viticola (Berk. & Curt.) Berl. & de Toni (downy mildew) to European viticulture during the 19th century caused West European grapevine breeders to seek for resistance traits. Initially, they investigated interspecific crosses between Vitis vinifera and American Vitis species like V. rupestris or V. riparia (Maul et al. 2019) in searching for resistant hybrids. In Eastern Europe, e.g. Serbia and Hungary, breeders used different genetic resources in their efforts to improve disease resistance. Especially the Asian species V. amurensis Rupr., the Amur grape, was a popular choice for interspecific crosses. Up to date, 71 different V. amurensis descendants and interspecific hybrids between V. amurensis and V. vinifera are reported (Maul et al. 2019). The Amur grape was preferred for breeding not only because of its valuable downy mildew resistance, but also due to its frost tolerance. V. amurensis is adapted to the cold climate of the East Asian region, ranging from Siberia via China to Japan (Wan et al. 2008, koleda 1975). Three different P. viticola resistance loci originating from V. amurensis germplasm (Rpv8, Rpv10, Rpv12) have recently been identified (BlaSi et al. 2011, SchWander 2012, Venuti et al. 2013). In eastern grapevine breeding the Rpv12-carrying genotype 28/19# (Hungary) was crossed and the hybrids were backcrossed with V. vinifera genotypes (koleda 1975, Venuti et al. 2013). A combination of several loci (stacking of loci) is desirable for sustainable maintenance of the resistance trait (Zini et al. 2019). The P. viticola resistance factor Rpv12 is therefore combined with Rpv10 and Rpv3 alleles (the latter from American sources) in grapevine breeding. To accelerate this process, the pedigree of Rpv12 resistance carriers was checked based on molecular (SSR) markers.","PeriodicalId":23613,"journal":{"name":"Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"91-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78139270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Grapevine trunk disease in German viticulture IV. Spreading of spores of the Esca related fungus Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and the occurrence of foliar Esca-symptoms in German vineyards 德国葡萄栽培中的葡萄树干病IV.衣孢子肺炎相关真菌孢子的传播和德国葡萄园叶面Esca症状的发生

Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research Pub Date : 2020-04-07 DOI: 10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.63-69

M. Molnar, R. Voegele, M. Fischer

{"title":"Grapevine trunk disease in German viticulture IV. Spreading of spores of the Esca related fungus Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and the occurrence of foliar Esca-symptoms in German vineyards","authors":"M. Molnar, R. Voegele, M. Fischer","doi":"10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.63-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.63-69","url":null,"abstract":"The anamorphic fungus Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (Pch), related to Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) such as \"Petri disease\" and Esca, was originally restricted to the Mediterranean area but can now be found worldwide. GTDs are the most destructive diseases in vineyards causing high losses every year. As there are no effective fungicides available it is important to understand the epidemiology of this fungus. To investigate the occurrence and distribution of Pch in the field, spore traps were placed in two selected vineyards located at the Julius Kuhn-Institut (JKI) in Siebeldingen, Germany, for three consecutive years. Plots were planted with cultivars 'Chardonnay' and the fungus resistant cultivar 'Phoenix'. Analysis of the traps was performed by a specifically developed nested-PCR approach. As a result it was proven that Pch is present in the vineyards throughout the whole year, including wintertime. The occurrence of Pch conidia during the winter months is a central issue as the annual pruning of vines is done in the winter season and pruning wounds are supposed to be the main entry point for this pathogen. During the three year survey also symptom appearance, both chronic and apoplectic, on leaves as well as weather conditions have been recorded. Symptoms were evident in both vineyards; however, no clear correlation was obtained between symptoms and spore flight. High temperatures combined with low humidity may have a negative impact on spore dispersal, while cold temperatures such as in wintertime have no negative effect on the appearance of spores.","PeriodicalId":23613,"journal":{"name":"Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"63-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76117384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Dynamics of Scaphoideus titanus population in southern South Tyrol (Italy) and detection of Grapevine Flavescence Dorée phytoplasma in the insect with a multiplex real-time PCR 意大利南蒂罗尔(South Tyrol)南部地区泰坦星虱种群动态及葡萄黄酮受体植物原体检测

Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research Pub Date : 2020-04-07 DOI: 10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.85-89

A. Gallmetzer, G. Innerebner, C. Roschatt, Y. Reyes-Domínguez

引用次数: 2

Potassium fertilization in relation to downy mildew disease incidence in grape leaves 施钾与葡萄叶霜霉病发病的关系

Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research Pub Date : 2020-04-07 DOI: 10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.71-76

Y. Pushpavathi, J. Satisha, K. Shivashankara, G. Satisha, S. Sriram, M. Reddy

{"title":"Potassium fertilization in relation to downy mildew disease incidence in grape leaves","authors":"Y. Pushpavathi, J. Satisha, K. Shivashankara, G. Satisha, S. Sriram, M. Reddy","doi":"10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.71-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.71-76","url":null,"abstract":"Influence of different sources of potassium and their method of application was studied on incidence of downy mildew infection in grape leaves of 'Sharad Seedless' (syn: 'Kishmish Chorni'). The total phenolic content and individual phenolic acids were analysed from healthy and downy mildew infected leaves of 'Sharad Seedless' and the degree of downy mildew infection was well correlated with potassium content in the petioles. Different sources and method of potassium application had significant effect on Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) enzyme activity and preformed phenols in healthy vines. Significant increase in PAL enzyme activity, total phenols and individual phenolic acids was registered with increase in disease severity. Magnitude of percent change in PAL enzyme activity and total phenolic content was highest in vines with maximum disease infection. Among the phenolic acids, o-Coumaric acid, p-Coumaric acid have a definite role in disease resistance. We could also observe the variation in disease severity in vines which received different sources of potassium which was supplied in different quantities whether through soil and/or through fertigation.","PeriodicalId":23613,"journal":{"name":"Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research","volume":"40 1","pages":"71-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84112315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Influence of grape juice extraction methods on basic analytical parameters 葡萄汁提取方法对基本分析参数的影响

Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research Pub Date : 2020-04-07 DOI: 10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.77-83

V. Dumas, N. Saurin, A. Destrac-Irvine, S. Dedet, M. Veyret, C. Marchal, H. Ojeda, C. Leeuwen, É. Duchêne

{"title":"Influence of grape juice extraction methods on basic analytical parameters","authors":"V. Dumas, N. Saurin, A. Destrac-Irvine, S. Dedet, M. Veyret, C. Marchal, H. Ojeda, C. Leeuwen, É. Duchêne","doi":"10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.77-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.77-83","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, for monitoring the ripening of grape berries, different devices are used to produce the juices to be analysed. Crushing the berries is a key step that determines the quantity of juice extracted and may impact it composition. The effect of different devices on analytical parameters of the musts produced were compared in this study. Samples from four grape varieties ('Cabernet-Sauvignon', 'Ekigaina', 'Marselan' and 'Vermentino'), showing a variability of berry size and precocity, were crushed using six different devices (ASieves, Bag mixer®, Crusher, Manual, TPress and Blender). Whatever the pressing equipment, sugar concentrations of the must were not modified by the extraction method, unlike other parameters. pH and titratable acidity were slightly impacted by the crushing method without changing the ranking of the varieties. However, potassium concentrations were more impacted by the pressing method. Differences in mechanical forces applied to skins and seeds according to the pressing equipment used may release more or less potassium. This study clearly discarded a complete grinding of the samples for grape ripening monitoring: this method strongly modified the potassium content and, consequently, the pH and the titratable acidity of the musts.","PeriodicalId":23613,"journal":{"name":"Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research","volume":"38 1","pages":"77-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89527582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Efficacy of kaolin treatments against Drosophila suzukii and their impact on the composition and taste of processed wines 高岭土对苏氏果蝇的防治效果及其对加工葡萄酒成分和口感的影响

Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research Pub Date : 2020-04-07 DOI: 10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.49-52

C. Linder, J. Rösti, F. Lorenzini, Pascale Deneulin, R. Badertscher, P. Kehrli

{"title":"Efficacy of kaolin treatments against Drosophila suzukii and their impact on the composition and taste of processed wines","authors":"C. Linder, J. Rösti, F. Lorenzini, Pascale Deneulin, R. Badertscher, P. Kehrli","doi":"10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.49-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.49-52","url":null,"abstract":"Drosophila suzukii is a very polyphagous species that can also tack and develop in a great variety of grape cultivars. In Switzerland, the control of D. suzukii mainly relies on prophylactic measures and kaolin, a white inert aluminosilicate mineral who's particles stick to the leaf surface and form a physical barrier that help to reduce ovipositions by the pest. Here we present a synthesis of our recent insights on the efficacy of kaolin against D. suzukii as well as on the chemical and sensory properties of the wines vinified from kaolin treated grapes. In autumn 2016, kaolin (Surround WP®) was applied in 23 field trials on various cultivars located in various winegrowing regions of Switzerland. Overall, kaolin achieved an average efficiency of 54 % and no significant differences could be observed between kaolin applications at 1 % and 2 % with 56.8 % and 57.1 % efficacy, respectively. At the higher concentration, the preventive and curative strategy were also nearly as effective with efficacies at 67.4 % and 50.3 %, respectively. In addition, a field experiment was set up on the red grape cultivar 'Mara' in 2015. This experiment revealed that three applications of kaolin at 1 % or 2 % did neither affect fermentation nor the usual chemical properties of kaolin treated wines compared to the untreated control. However, aluminum concentration within wines increased with the applied dosage of kaolin but the measured aluminum levels were 38-times lower than the maximal German threshold of 8 mg·L-1. Moreover, tasters were also not able to distinguish the aroma and the taste of wines processed from kaolin treated grapes from the untreated control. We therefore conclude that kaolin applications are effective against D. suzukii and do not cause any major risks to the environment, to wine quality and to human health.","PeriodicalId":23613,"journal":{"name":"Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"49-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72958072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7