{"title":"“Kunbarat”和“Kunleany”——完全不是同父异母的兄弟姐妹","authors":"S. Müllner, Franco Röckel, E. Maul, E. Zyprian","doi":"10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.91-92","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The unfortunate introduction of the pathogens Erypsiphe necator (Schwein.) Burr. (Oidium, powdery mildew), Daktulosphaïra vitifoliae Fitch (Phylloxera) and Plasmopara viticola (Berk. & Curt.) Berl. & de Toni (downy mildew) to European viticulture during the 19th century caused West European grapevine breeders to seek for resistance traits. Initially, they investigated interspecific crosses between Vitis vinifera and American Vitis species like V. rupestris or V. riparia (Maul et al. 2019) in searching for resistant hybrids. In Eastern Europe, e.g. Serbia and Hungary, breeders used different genetic resources in their efforts to improve disease resistance. Especially the Asian species V. amurensis Rupr., the Amur grape, was a popular choice for interspecific crosses. Up to date, 71 different V. amurensis descendants and interspecific hybrids between V. amurensis and V. vinifera are reported (Maul et al. 2019). The Amur grape was preferred for breeding not only because of its valuable downy mildew resistance, but also due to its frost tolerance. V. amurensis is adapted to the cold climate of the East Asian region, ranging from Siberia via China to Japan (Wan et al. 2008, koleda 1975). Three different P. viticola resistance loci originating from V. amurensis germplasm (Rpv8, Rpv10, Rpv12) have recently been identified (BlaSi et al. 2011, SchWander 2012, Venuti et al. 2013). In eastern grapevine breeding the Rpv12-carrying genotype 28/19# (Hungary) was crossed and the hybrids were backcrossed with V. vinifera genotypes (koleda 1975, Venuti et al. 2013). A combination of several loci (stacking of loci) is desirable for sustainable maintenance of the resistance trait (Zini et al. 2019). The P. viticola resistance factor Rpv12 is therefore combined with Rpv10 and Rpv3 alleles (the latter from American sources) in grapevine breeding. To accelerate this process, the pedigree of Rpv12 resistance carriers was checked based on molecular (SSR) markers.","PeriodicalId":23613,"journal":{"name":"Vitis: Journal of Grapevine Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"91-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2020-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"3","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"'Kunbarat' and 'Kunleany' – full not half-siblings\",\"authors\":\"S. Müllner, Franco Röckel, E. Maul, E. Zyprian\",\"doi\":\"10.5073/VITIS.2020.59.91-92\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Introduction: The unfortunate introduction of the pathogens Erypsiphe necator (Schwein.) Burr. (Oidium, powdery mildew), Daktulosphaïra vitifoliae Fitch (Phylloxera) and Plasmopara viticola (Berk. & Curt.) Berl. & de Toni (downy mildew) to European viticulture during the 19th century caused West European grapevine breeders to seek for resistance traits. Initially, they investigated interspecific crosses between Vitis vinifera and American Vitis species like V. rupestris or V. riparia (Maul et al. 2019) in searching for resistant hybrids. In Eastern Europe, e.g. Serbia and Hungary, breeders used different genetic resources in their efforts to improve disease resistance. Especially the Asian species V. amurensis Rupr., the Amur grape, was a popular choice for interspecific crosses. Up to date, 71 different V. amurensis descendants and interspecific hybrids between V. amurensis and V. vinifera are reported (Maul et al. 2019). The Amur grape was preferred for breeding not only because of its valuable downy mildew resistance, but also due to its frost tolerance. V. amurensis is adapted to the cold climate of the East Asian region, ranging from Siberia via China to Japan (Wan et al. 2008, koleda 1975). Three different P. viticola resistance loci originating from V. amurensis germplasm (Rpv8, Rpv10, Rpv12) have recently been identified (BlaSi et al. 2011, SchWander 2012, Venuti et al. 2013). In eastern grapevine breeding the Rpv12-carrying genotype 28/19# (Hungary) was crossed and the hybrids were backcrossed with V. vinifera genotypes (koleda 1975, Venuti et al. 2013). A combination of several loci (stacking of loci) is desirable for sustainable maintenance of the resistance trait (Zini et al. 2019). The P. viticola resistance factor Rpv12 is therefore combined with Rpv10 and Rpv3 alleles (the latter from American sources) in grapevine breeding. 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引用次数: 3
摘要
导读:不幸的引入了病原体埃及绦虫(施魏因)。毛刺。(Oidium,白粉病),Daktulosphaïra vitifoliae Fitch (Phylloxera)和Plasmopara viticola (Berk。& Curt)。Berl。霜霉病在19世纪传入欧洲葡萄栽培,导致西欧葡萄育种者寻求抗霉特性。最初,他们研究了葡萄品种与美洲葡萄品种(如V. rupestris或V. riparia)之间的种间杂交(Maul et al. 2019),以寻找抗性杂交品种。在东欧,例如塞尔维亚和匈牙利,育种者利用不同的遗传资源努力提高抗病能力。特别是亚洲品种紫斑莲。阿穆尔葡萄是种间杂交的普遍选择。迄今为止,已经报道了71种不同的amurensis后代以及amurensis和V. vinifera之间的种间杂交(Maul et al. 2019)。阿穆尔葡萄是首选的育种品种,不仅因为它具有宝贵的抗霜霉病能力,而且还因为它的耐寒性。金银花适应东亚地区的寒冷气候,从西伯利亚经中国到日本(Wan et al. 2008, koleda 1975)。最近已经鉴定出三种不同的葡萄假单胞菌抗性位点(Rpv8、Rpv10、Rpv12),这些抗性位点来自于葡萄假单胞菌的种质资源(BlaSi et al. 2011, SchWander 2012, Venuti et al. 2013)。在东部葡萄育种中,将携带rpv12基因型28/19#(匈牙利)进行杂交,并将杂交种与葡萄球菌基因型回交(koleda 1975, Venuti et al. 2013)。多个基因座的组合(基因座的堆叠)对于持续维持抗性性状是理想的(Zini et al. 2019)。因此,在葡萄育种中,葡萄单抗因子Rpv12与Rpv10和Rpv3等位基因(后者来自美国)结合在一起。为了加快这一过程,利用分子标记对Rpv12抗性载体的家系进行了检测。
'Kunbarat' and 'Kunleany' – full not half-siblings
Introduction: The unfortunate introduction of the pathogens Erypsiphe necator (Schwein.) Burr. (Oidium, powdery mildew), Daktulosphaïra vitifoliae Fitch (Phylloxera) and Plasmopara viticola (Berk. & Curt.) Berl. & de Toni (downy mildew) to European viticulture during the 19th century caused West European grapevine breeders to seek for resistance traits. Initially, they investigated interspecific crosses between Vitis vinifera and American Vitis species like V. rupestris or V. riparia (Maul et al. 2019) in searching for resistant hybrids. In Eastern Europe, e.g. Serbia and Hungary, breeders used different genetic resources in their efforts to improve disease resistance. Especially the Asian species V. amurensis Rupr., the Amur grape, was a popular choice for interspecific crosses. Up to date, 71 different V. amurensis descendants and interspecific hybrids between V. amurensis and V. vinifera are reported (Maul et al. 2019). The Amur grape was preferred for breeding not only because of its valuable downy mildew resistance, but also due to its frost tolerance. V. amurensis is adapted to the cold climate of the East Asian region, ranging from Siberia via China to Japan (Wan et al. 2008, koleda 1975). Three different P. viticola resistance loci originating from V. amurensis germplasm (Rpv8, Rpv10, Rpv12) have recently been identified (BlaSi et al. 2011, SchWander 2012, Venuti et al. 2013). In eastern grapevine breeding the Rpv12-carrying genotype 28/19# (Hungary) was crossed and the hybrids were backcrossed with V. vinifera genotypes (koleda 1975, Venuti et al. 2013). A combination of several loci (stacking of loci) is desirable for sustainable maintenance of the resistance trait (Zini et al. 2019). The P. viticola resistance factor Rpv12 is therefore combined with Rpv10 and Rpv3 alleles (the latter from American sources) in grapevine breeding. To accelerate this process, the pedigree of Rpv12 resistance carriers was checked based on molecular (SSR) markers.