Water Science & Technology: Water Supply最新文献_第9页

Effects of pH on phosphorus form transformation in lake sediments pH对湖泊沉积物中磷形态转化的影响

Water Science & Technology: Water Supply Pub Date : 2021-10-19 DOI: 10.2166/WS.2021.356

Shengnan Zhao, Xiaohong Shi, Biao Sun, Yu Liu, Zhiqiang Tian, J. Huotari

{"title":"Effects of pH on phosphorus form transformation in lake sediments","authors":"Shengnan Zhao, Xiaohong Shi, Biao Sun, Yu Liu, Zhiqiang Tian, J. Huotari","doi":"10.2166/WS.2021.356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/WS.2021.356","url":null,"abstract":"The pH value of lake water varies with the lake environment, which has an effect on the form of phosphorus in sediment, and then the release of sediment phosphorus. The form of phosphorus in sediments was analyzed using field sampling. The environmental conditions with pH values of 4.0, 7.0 and 10.0 were simulated indoors to estimate the effects of pH on phosphorus release from sediments and the content change of various forms of phosphorus was studied. The results showed that in Wuliangsuhai Lake, Ca-P accounted for 54.3%, which was the largest portion of the TP. Phosphorus release was favored under acidic and alkaline conditions, and the alkaline condition was more favorable. The proportion of Fe/Mn-P and Fe/Al-P in the TP decreased with an increase in the pH, while the proportion of Ca-P in the TP increased with an increase in the pH. Under the alkaline condition (pH1⁄4 10), Ca-P in the sediment increased significantly, with an increase of 22.5%. However, Fe/Mn-P and Fe/Al-P decreased significantly, with drops of 37.3% and 44.9%, respectively. Under the acidic condition (pH1⁄4 4), Fe/Mn-P and Fe/Al-P in the sediment increased significantly, and the increases were 63.1% and 37.1%, respectively. However, Ca-P decreased significantly, with a drop of 39.2%. In general, low pH promoted the release of Ca-P, and a high pH promoted the release of Fe/Mn-P and Fe/Al-P. Wuliangsuhai Lake water is characterized by weak alkaline characteristics throughout the year, and biological available phosphorus accounts for 13.3%–20.9% of the TP, with Fe/Mn-P being the dominant form. This study revealed that the risk of phosphorus release from sediments to the overlying water was greater under alkaline conditions.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88179387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The effectiveness of disinfection and flushing procedures to prevent coliform persistence in aircraft water systems. 消毒和冲洗程序对防止大肠菌群滞留在飞机供水系统的有效性。

Water Science & Technology: Water Supply Pub Date : 2019-08-01 Epub Date: 2018-12-24 DOI: 10.2166/ws.2018.195

Jeffrey Szabo, Mark Rodgers, Jatin Mistry, Joshua Steenbock, John Hall

{"title":"The effectiveness of disinfection and flushing procedures to prevent coliform persistence in aircraft water systems.","authors":"Jeffrey Szabo, Mark Rodgers, Jatin Mistry, Joshua Steenbock, John Hall","doi":"10.2166/ws.2018.195","DOIUrl":"10.2166/ws.2018.195","url":null,"abstract":"A full-scale reproduction of an aircraft drinking water system was conditioned using municipal tap water with a mixture of free chlorine and chloramines, and subsequently contaminated with coliforms. Disinfection was undertaken using chlorine dioxide, ozone and a mixed oxidant solution followed by flushing until no disinfectant residual remained. Results showed that coliforms were not persistent on the aircraft plumbing surfaces, and coliforms were not detected after disinfection and flushing with any disinfectant. The one exception was the aerator installed in the lavatory faucet, which was coliform positive after disinfection with ozone and mixed oxidants. These data suggest that the faucet aerators could be a source of coliform contamination that may result in coliform positive samples. Further experiments conducted on disinfection of aerators with glycolic acid and quaternary ammonia (both commonly used by the airlines) showed no detectable coliforms on coliform contaminated aerators after 30 minutes of soaking in the disinfectants.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"19 5","pages":"1339-1346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6483101/pdf/nihms-1521017.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37190076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trihalomethane precursor reactivity changes in drinking water treatment unit processes during a storm event. 暴雨期间饮用水处理单元过程中三卤甲烷前体反应性的变化。

Water Science & Technology: Water Supply Pub Date : 2019-06-17 DOI: 10.2166/ws.2019.089

Chelsea W Neil, Yingying Zhao, Amy Zhao, Jill Neal, Maria Meyer, Y Jeffrey Yang

{"title":"Trihalomethane precursor reactivity changes in drinking water treatment unit processes during a storm event.","authors":"Chelsea W Neil, Yingying Zhao, Amy Zhao, Jill Neal, Maria Meyer, Y Jeffrey Yang","doi":"10.2166/ws.2019.089","DOIUrl":"10.2166/ws.2019.089","url":null,"abstract":"Source water quality can significantly impact the efficacy of water treatment unit processes and the formation of chlorinated and brominated trihalomethanes (THMs). Current water treatment plant performance models may not accurately capture how source water quality variations, such as organic matter variability, can impact treatment unit processes. To investigate these impacts, a field study was conducted wherein water samples were collected along the treatment train for 72 hours during a storm event. Systematic sampling and detailed analyses of water quality parameters, including non-purgeable organic carbon (NPOC), UV absorbance, and THM concentrations, as well as chlorine spiking experiments, reveal how the THM formation potential changes in response to treatment unit processes. Results show that the NPOC remaining after treatment has an increased reactivity towards forming THMs, and that brominated THMs form more readily than chlorinated counterparts in a competitive reaction. Thus both the reactivity and quantity of THM precursors must be considered to maintain compliance with drinking water standards, a finding that should be incorporated into the development of model-assisted treatment operation and optimization. Advanced granular activated carbon (GAC) treatment beyond conventional coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation processes may also be necessary to remove the surge loading of THM-formation precursors during a storm event.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"19 7","pages":"2098-2106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7898137/pdf/nihms-1664624.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25404645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of potentially pathogenic enteric viruses in environmental samples from Kenya using the bag-mediated filtration system. 使用袋媒过滤系统检测肯尼亚环境样本中潜在致病性肠道病毒。

Water Science & Technology: Water Supply Pub Date : 2019-03-12 DOI: 10.2166/ws.2019.046

Walda B van Zyl, Nicolette A Zhou, Marianne Wolfaardt, Peter N Matsapola, Fhatuwani B Ngwana, Erin M Symonds, Christine S Fagnant-Sperati, Jeffry H Shirai, Alexandra L Kossik, Nicola K Beck, Evans Komen, Benlick Mwangi, James Nyangao, David S Boyle, Peter Borus, Maureen B Taylor, J Scott Meschke

{"title":"Detection of potentially pathogenic enteric viruses in environmental samples from Kenya using the bag-mediated filtration system.","authors":"Walda B van Zyl, Nicolette A Zhou, Marianne Wolfaardt, Peter N Matsapola, Fhatuwani B Ngwana, Erin M Symonds, Christine S Fagnant-Sperati, Jeffry H Shirai, Alexandra L Kossik, Nicola K Beck, Evans Komen, Benlick Mwangi, James Nyangao, David S Boyle, Peter Borus, Maureen B Taylor, J Scott Meschke","doi":"10.2166/ws.2019.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/ws.2019.046","url":null,"abstract":"Enteric virus environmental surveillance via a highly sensitive method is critical, as many enteric viruses have low infectious doses and can persist in the environment for extended periods. This study determined the potential of the novel bag-mediated filtration system (BMFS) to recover human enteric viruses and pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) from wastewater and wastewater-impacted surface waters, examined PMMoV use as a fecal contamination indicator in Kenya, and identified potential BMFS process controls. From April 2015 to April 2016, BMFS samples were collected from seven sites in Kenya (n = 59). Enteroviruses and PMMoV were detected in 100% of samples, and human adenovirus, human astrovirus, hepatitis A virus, norovirus GI, norovirus GII, sapovirus, and human rotavirus were detected in the majority of samples. The consistent detection of enteroviruses and PMMoV suggests that these viruses could be used as indicators in similarly fecally contaminated sites and BMFS process controls. As contamination of surface water sources remains a global issue, enteric virus environmental surveillance is necessary. This study demonstrates an effective way to sample large volumes of wastewater and wastewater-impacted surface waters for the detection of multiple enteric viruses simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"19 6","pages":"1668-1676"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2166/ws.2019.046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25370910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Pressure drop test as a hydroinformatic tool for preliminary network topology validation 压降测试作为初步网络拓扑验证的水文信息学工具

Water Science & Technology: Water Supply Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.2166/WS.2018.095

M. Milašinović, D. Prodanović, M. Stanic

{"title":"Pressure drop test as a hydroinformatic tool for preliminary network topology validation","authors":"M. Milašinović, D. Prodanović, M. Stanic","doi":"10.2166/WS.2018.095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/WS.2018.095","url":null,"abstract":"Usage of the appropriate model of water distribution system (WDS) enables easier everyday operations and management decisions. Creating reliable model of WDS requires large amount of system response data for different case scenarios. Commonly used software for creating models of WDS is EpaNet. Ongoing processes in WDS, such as pipe bursts, permanently closed valves which are not registered in data base and other inconsistencies will change the WDS network topology, so the WDS validation tests are to be applied from time to time. This paper presents the WDS network topology validation test conducted on one Belgrade9s DMA with two inflows. Pressure drop test combined with genetic algorithm and ant colony optimization are simple hydroinformatic tools available for network topology validation. System9s reaction in pressure change during the isolation test was measured at two observation points. Obtained results are then compared with assumed WDS topology using 55 potential locations of inconsistencies in the EpaNet model. This step is repeated until good enough match between results from the real system and created model9s version is obtained. Heuristic optimization algorithms are used for speeding up the process of finding satisfactorily match (unknown locations of inconsistencies) by minimizing or maximizing defined criteria function.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"29 1","pages":"502-510"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84031329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energetic optimization and evaluation of a drinking water pumping system: application at the Rassauta station 饮用水抽水系统的能量优化与评价:在拉苏塔站的应用

Water Science & Technology: Water Supply Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.2166/WS.2018.092

B. Ahcene, Benmamar Saâdia

引用次数: 7

A filtering algorithm for high-resolution flow traces to improve water end-use analysis 一种高分辨率流迹滤波算法，以改善水的最终用途分析

Water Science & Technology: Water Supply Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.2166/WS.2018.090

L. Pastor-Jabaloyes, F. Arregui, R. Cobacho

{"title":"A filtering algorithm for high-resolution flow traces to improve water end-use analysis","authors":"L. Pastor-Jabaloyes, F. Arregui, R. Cobacho","doi":"10.2166/WS.2018.090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/WS.2018.090","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main difficulties encountered when designing automatic tools for water end use identification is the inherent noise present in recorded flow traces. Noise is mainly caused by the inability of the monitoring equipment to accurately register water consumption and data-loggers to register, without distortion, the signal received from the water meter. A universal filtering algorithm has been developed to remove noise and simplify water consumption flow traces with the aim of improving future automatic end use identification algorithms. The performance of the proposed filtering methodology is assessed through the analysis of 21,647 events. Water consumption data were sourced from two different water end use studies, having consumers and monitoring equipment with dissimilar characteristics. The results obtained show that the algorithm is capable of removing an average of 70% of the data points that constitute the flow traces of the complex events examined. The simplified flow traces allow for faster and more accurate disaggregation and classification algorithms, without losing significant information or distorting the original signal. The ability of the proposed filtering algorithm to fit the original flow traces was benchmarked using the Kling-Gupta efficiency coefficient, obtaining an average value above 0.79.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"37 1","pages":"451-462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85518507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Analysis of characteristic snow parameters and associated factors in a cold region in northeast China 东北寒区特征降雪参数及相关因子分析

Water Science & Technology: Water Supply Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.2166/WS.2018.096

Q. Fu, Li Peng, Tianxiao Li, Song Cui, Dong Liu, Peiru Yan, Hong-Jin Chen

{"title":"Analysis of characteristic snow parameters and associated factors in a cold region in northeast China","authors":"Q. Fu, Li Peng, Tianxiao Li, Song Cui, Dong Liu, Peiru Yan, Hong-Jin Chen","doi":"10.2166/WS.2018.096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/WS.2018.096","url":null,"abstract":"Snow characteristics were measured in the comprehensive experimental field and the results of a detailed analysis of physical snow properties indicated that snowpack characteristics are affected by a variety of climate parameters. The average liquid water content of snow increased from 0.5% to 3.5%. The bottom snow layer exhibited larger parameter variations than those in the surface and middle layers. The average snow porosity was 72.3% for the entire snowpack, and the changing rate of porosity ranged from 4% to 19% during the accumulation period and from 7% to 25% during the snowmelt period. The porosity of the bottom layer displayed the fastest decline and the largest range. The air temperature, snow temperature and solar radiation showed significant positive correlations with the liquid water content of the snow, and the calculated correlation coefficients were all above 0.9. In addition, relative humidity and temperature were negatively correlated. All meteorological factors studied affected the melting capacity of snow to varying degrees. This study included the design and implementation of snow experiments on bare land under natural conditions as well as measurements of snow parameters in detailed snowpack layers and explained the characteristics of snow parameters combined with meteorological factors.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"224 1","pages":"511-518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80083948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Adsorption of fluoride on a chitosan-based magnetic nanocomposite: equilibrium and kinetics studies 壳聚糖基磁性纳米复合材料对氟化物的吸附:平衡和动力学研究

Water Science & Technology: Water Supply Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.2166/WS.2018.050

A. Abri, M. Tajbakhsh, A. Sadeghi

{"title":"Adsorption of fluoride on a chitosan-based magnetic nanocomposite: equilibrium and kinetics studies","authors":"A. Abri, M. Tajbakhsh, A. Sadeghi","doi":"10.2166/WS.2018.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/WS.2018.050","url":null,"abstract":"A new derivative of chitosan functionalized with chloroacyl chloride and 2-(2-aminoethylamino) ethanol was synthesized for the preparation of the magnetic nanocomposite containing Fe 3 O 4 @TiO 2 nanoparticles. Characterizations were done by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Nanocomposite was examined for the defluoridation of water, and the effect of contact time, pH, initial fluoride ion concentration, contact time and adsorbent dosage were investigated. Langmuir model showed the best agreement with the experimental data. The maximum adsorption capacity for the fluoride removal from aqueous solutions was 15.385 mg/g at 318 K and pH = 5.0. The adsorption mechanism matches the pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a rate constant ( k 2 ) of 0.68 g/mg·min. Thermodynamics study of the nature of adsorption showed that ΔH and ΔS was 13.767 kJ/mol and 0.066 kJ/mol·K respectively. A mechanism for the fluoride sorption was proposed by considering the electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions.","PeriodicalId":23573,"journal":{"name":"Water Science & Technology: Water Supply","volume":"21 1","pages":"40-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74404448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

The origin and risks associated with loose deposits in a drinking water distribution system 饮用水分配系统中松散沉积物的来源和相关风险

Water Science & Technology: Water Supply Pub Date : 2019-02-01 DOI: 10.2166/WS.2018.073

Amanda Mussared, R. Fabris, J. Vreeburg, J. Jelbart, M. Drikas

引用次数: 12