Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research最新文献

{"title":"miRNA Profile in Hippocampus, Prefrontal Cortex and Sperm of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR), a Model for Schizophrenia","authors":"G. Campagnoli, I. Cantão, M. Marins, A. Mendes, B. Nogueira, R. Martin, J. Pesquero, T. Stumpp","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-118724/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-118724/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Environment is crucial for manifestation and development of schizophrenia, bringing to light epigenetic mechanisms involved, such as post-transcriptional control of gene expression by miRNA, in this disorder. MiRNAs participate in physiological processes such as neurogenesis, behavioral manifestations as well as in adverse conditions likepsychiatric disorders. Experimental models are essential to investigate the development of schizophrenia from early life, especially its molecular aspects. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) are considered a good model forschizophrenia, since they show behavior that can be related to SCZ symptoms in humans and respond to treatment with anti-psychotic drugs. We investigated miRNA profile in prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and sperm of SHR through next generation sequencing (NGS). SHR showed differential expression (DE) of miRNAs related to neurological processes and schizophrenia in sperm, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Gene ontology and enrichment analyses showed that the majority of DE miRNA target genes are involved in pathways related to behavior, neurodevelopmentand synaptic processes. Among these genes, 12 are dysregulated in schizophrenia patients, what reinforces SHR as a good model for epigenetic and molecular studies of this disorder. Finally, altered miRNA expression in sperm suggests that SHR model may be useful for future studies on epigenetic inheritance of schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123608579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Manipulation to Improve Athletes Performance - A Critical Review","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.02.03.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.02.03.01","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic manipulation as the name suggests is the modification of genes. It is the process of changing the structure of the genes of a living thing in order to make it healthier, stronger, or more useful. It is the direct manipulation of an organism’s genes using biotechnology used to change the genetic makeup of cells including transfer of genes. The need of genetic modification is to enhance the performance of particular genes, this method is implemented effectively to enhance the quality of food, fight various chronic diseases like cancer, cloning etc. However, this paper is limited to the use of genetic manipulation to enhance Athletics performance of the athletes and healing process of the cells. There are various contradictory thoughts over the use of genetic manipulation in Athletics over its use being ethical or unethical. There have been various normative arguments both in favor and against its use in Athletics. However, no competent authority has prohibited its use in Athletics. There are various methods involved in gene modification, few prominent are discussed in this paper. Genetic manipulation, the process of inducing changes in gene expression and the expression of novel genes, has proven to be an indispensable tool in recent genetic research. The implementation of increasingly powerful genetic tools to mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells has led to an explosion of data concerning the specific properties of an extremely large array of genes. Current available techniques allow for the specific elimination of target gene expression, tissue specific induction of reporter gene expression, the over expression of cellular genes, and more. It is not surprising, therefore, that a short time after the derivation of human ES cells, several studies describing genetic manipulation of these cells have been reported. This focuses on the recent advances in the genetic manipulation of human ES cells, the methods currently available, and their possible utilization. A brief discussion of advanced genetic manipulation techniques not yet demonstrated in these cells is also presented. Through this paper the author has tried to summarize various methods, aspects, approaches and arguments involved with genetic modification in Athletic persons.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"54 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120855444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Metabolic Engineering Approaches in Enhancing Biological Hydrogen Production","authors":"Wenfa Ng","doi":"10.20944/preprints202007.0440.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202007.0440.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen is useful as a fuel and could be produced by a variety of means. One approach uses artificial photosynthesis where energy from sunlight powers the splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen. But, biological methods for producing hydrogen has emerged strongly over the past decades. In particular, specific microorganisms could use different substrates to produce hydrogen at differing yields. Such fundamental discoveries with industrial applications thus motivated the use of metabolic engineering approaches and methodologies in enhancing biological hydrogen production through a series of enzyme over-expression, pathway debottlenecking, and gene deletion. However, such approaches heavily rely on the selection of an appropriate microbial chassis for biohydrogen production. With the proper strain in hand, use of alternative substrates may engender greater hydrogen productivities. But learning from the bioprocessing field, co-culture of two compatible microorganisms have been sought after for improving biohydrogen production. In addition, thermophilic microbes may also be useful candidates for exploiting hydrogen production from composting. Future outlook in the field looks into filling our gaps in understanding of the metabolic network that feeds into hydrogen production in different organisms. But, more importantly, problems such as reduced growth rate in engineered microbes point to fundamental issues with using genetically engineered microorganisms for improved biohydrogen production, to which clever bioprocess engineering may yield solutions.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130586536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Estimation of the Pancreatic Beta Cell’s Relative Health State Using GH-Method: Math-Physical Medicine","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.02.02.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.02.02.03","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to discuss the methods and results of estimating the relative health state that is the degree of damage on the author’s pancreatic beta cells caused by his long-term type 2 diabetes conditions.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114810642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient with Gilbert Syndrome A Case Report and Review of the Literature","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.02.02.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.02.02.02","url":null,"abstract":"One of the Gilbert syndrome genetic diseases that is characterized by the presence of a genetic mutation in UGT1A1\u0000gene, which is responsible for uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase enzyme, responsible for the binding of\u0000bile, and thus the ease of its release from the liver and its non-accumulation in the body.\u0000A middle-aged man suffers from jaundice, although all clinical, laboratory, and imaging tests are normal. Hemolysis\u0000was excluded by the fact that the blood image did not include the presence of foreign cells, as well as reticulocyte\u0000count, and hemoglobin concentration in their normal rates, so it was excluded that the main cause of high bilirubin\u0000was the occurrence of hemolysis. So he was diagnosed with Gilbert's syndrome.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117164396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodology of Math-Physical Medicine (GH-Method)","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.02.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.02.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the “math-physical medicine (MPM)” approach\u0000of a non-traditional methodology in medical research. The author\u0000uses his own type 2 diabetes (T2D) metabolic conditions control\u0000as a case study for some detailed illustration and explanation of\u0000this methodology.\u0000Math-physical medicine starts with the observation of the\u0000human body’s physical phenomena (not biological or chemical\u0000characteristics), collecting elements of the disease related data\u0000(preferring big data), utilizing applicable engineering modeling\u0000techniques, developing appropriate mathematical equations (not\u0000just statistical analysis), and finally predicting the direction of the\u0000development and control mechanism of the disease.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130675831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphology, Immunology of Antedon Bifida (Echinodermata)","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.02.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.02.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"Antedon bifida, belongs to the class of Crinoïds. It’s an ancestral ECHINODERMATA. The body is a concave disc\u0000surrounded by ten pinnately divided arms, giving it a fem-like appearance. It possesses an axial organ similar to\u0000the sea star one : a primitive immune organ.\u0000We discover in it :\u00001) An IGKAPPA Gene recalling the IPA (Invertebrate Primitive Antibody)\u00003) A Fc receptor gene witch matches with human Fc gene\u00004) At Last MHC genes.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121413516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogas: Usefulness, Existing Technology and Major Hurdles","authors":"A. Omer","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.02.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.02.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"There is strong scientific evidence that the average temperature of the earth’s surface is rising and this may be\u0000attribute to increased concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2\u0000), and other greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere\u0000as released by burning fossil fuels. One of the chief sources of greenhouse gases is burning of fossil fuels. Biogas from\u0000biomass appears to have potential as an alternative energy source, which is potentially rich in biomass resources.\u0000In the present study, current literature is reviewed regarding the ecological, social, cultural and economic impacts\u0000of biogas technology. In this communication an attempt has been made to give an overview of present and future use\u0000of biomass as an industrial feedstock for production of fuels, chemicals and other materials. However, to be truly\u0000competitive in an open market situation, higher value products are required.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"156 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121525855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ipa: About the Invertebrate Primitive Antibody, Its Schema","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.02.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.02.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"The schema of sea star Asterias rubens IPA is purposed, for the first time,in this communication, since we discovered\u0000it (in 1986): it was isolated.\u0000In 2014, it was asserted by the discovery of IPA gene(Invertebrate Primitive Antibody gene) which matches to human\u0000Igkappa gene.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128890673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring of Insecticide Resistance of Anopheles arabiensis Patton to DDT 4%,\u0000Deltamethrin 0.05%, Permethrin 0.75% and Bendiocarb 0.1% In River Nile State,\u0000Sudan, 2015","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jgebr.02.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jgebr.02.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"The study purposed to determine insecticide susceptibility status of An. arabiensis in the three sites in River Nile State\u0000of Sudan to DDT 4%, Deltamethrin 0.05%, Permethrin 0.75% and Bendiocarb 0.1%. The insecticide susceptibility\u0000tests were implemented using the WHO standard procedure under optimum conditions and by using impregnated\u0000papers with recommended diagnostic concentrations. The tests done with three days-old An. arabiensis non-blood fed\u0000females. One hundred twenty to one hundred fifty females were tested for each insecticide at the diagnostic concentration\u0000with 6 replicates of 20 - 25 mosquitoes per test. Control tests consisted of groups of 50 female mosquitoes exposed\u0000to papers impregnated with carrier oil without insecticide under the same conditions. The exposure time was one\u0000hour; then mosquitoes were transferred into holding tubes for a 24 hours' recovery period after that the mortality\u0000recorded. Results revealed that An. arabiensis was susceptible to Bendiocarb with 100% mortality rate in all three\u0000sites in River Nile state; Shendi, Alzidab and Al Bawga. Anophele sarabiensis was also susceptible to Deltamethrin\u0000in Al zidab (98.8%), Al bawga (98.7%) and resistant in Shendi (81.2%). Anopheles arabiensis showed resistance to\u0000Permethrin and DDT in all three sites with mortality rates ranged 31.4% - 80.1%. For Bendiocarb KDT50 ranged\u0000between 18.1 - 38.5 minutes, while KDT95 ranged between 30.6 –94.7 minutes. The fastest KDT50 and KDT95\u0000recorded were in Shendi area. Whereas for Deltamethrin KDT50 ranged between20.5 – 24.2 minutes, while KDT95\u0000ranged between 90.6 – 132.2 minutes. The fastest KDT50 and KDT95 recorded was in Albawga. These results should\u0000be taken in consideration by the current vector control interventions in River Nile State.","PeriodicalId":235430,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131312764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}