Virchows ArchivPub Date : 2025-06-27DOI: 10.1007/s00428-025-04154-x
Oliver Hommerding, Fereschte Sara Rejai, Anna Scherping, Tobias Kreft, Christine Sanders, Carsten-Henning Ohlmann, Jörg Ellinger, Phillip Krausewitz, Stefan Hauser, Manuel Ritter, Julian A Luetkens, Marit Bernhardt, Glen Kristiansen
{"title":"Low heterogeneity of tumor grades in multiple MRI-targeted prostate biopsies argues for the aggregate method of grading.","authors":"Oliver Hommerding, Fereschte Sara Rejai, Anna Scherping, Tobias Kreft, Christine Sanders, Carsten-Henning Ohlmann, Jörg Ellinger, Phillip Krausewitz, Stefan Hauser, Manuel Ritter, Julian A Luetkens, Marit Bernhardt, Glen Kristiansen","doi":"10.1007/s00428-025-04154-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-025-04154-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate cancer diagnosis primarily relies on histological confirmation via needle core biopsy, with systematic 12-core biopsies (SB) being commonly used. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and MRI-targeted biopsies have shown enhanced detection of clinically significant prostate cancer. This study compares two tumor grading methods-aggregate and individual grading-used in MRI-targeted biopsies to assess their correlation with the final ISUP Grade Group (GG) of the RPE. A cohort of 108 patients with ≥ 2 positive cores in at least one MRI-targeted biopsy, totaling 179 positive lesions, was analyzed. Systematic and MRI-targeted biopsies were correlated with RPE specimens. The mean highest ISUP GG for systematic biopsies was 2.77 (SD ± 1.29), compared to 2.62 (SD ± 1.13) for targeted biopsies using the aggregate method. Comparing the highest ISUP GG in systematic as well as targeted biopsies with the final ISUP GG of the RPE, exact correlation between GG was found in 70.1% (aggregate) and 66.4% (individual) for targeted biopsies and 58.1% for systematic biopsies. The results of the individual method showed slightly better correlation with the final ISUP GG from the RPE specimen in only 0.93%, while in 2.8% of cases, it resulted in inferior correlation compared to the aggregate method. Our findings suggest that the aggregate grading method of targeted biopsies is preferable due to its comparable predictive accuracy, lower workload, and alignment with existing clinical guidelines. This supports the ISUP's recommendation to use the aggregate method for MRI-targeted biopsies in clinical practice. Further research is needed to standardize reporting protocols for MRI-targeted biopsies and refine their integration into prostate cancer risk stratification models.</p>","PeriodicalId":23514,"journal":{"name":"Virchows Archiv","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144508448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Virchows ArchivPub Date : 2025-06-26DOI: 10.1007/s00428-025-04155-w
Elie Tannous, Deniz Baycelebi, Ankur R Sangoi, Richard R Pacheco, Mohammed A Alghamdi, Andrea R Lightle, Khaleel Al-Obaidy, Sean R Williamson, Zeliha Cetin, Dimitrios Korentzelos, Mahmut Akgul
{"title":"Pseudopapillary and micropapillary-like changes in classical renal angiomyolipoma: a multi-institutional series of 60 cases.","authors":"Elie Tannous, Deniz Baycelebi, Ankur R Sangoi, Richard R Pacheco, Mohammed A Alghamdi, Andrea R Lightle, Khaleel Al-Obaidy, Sean R Williamson, Zeliha Cetin, Dimitrios Korentzelos, Mahmut Akgul","doi":"10.1007/s00428-025-04155-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-025-04155-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pseudopapillary- and micropapillary-like changes in classical renal angiomyolipoma (AML) are underappreciated morphologic patterns that in some instances may cause diagnostic confusion with renal cell carcinoma or urothelial carcinoma. To further evaluate the incidence of these morphologies, a multi-institutional cohort of 60 patients with classical AML was retrospectively analyzed by genitourinary pathologists. Clinicopathologic features include tumor characteristics of fat assessment and extent of pseudopapillary/micropapillary-like changes were recorded. Chi-square test was conducted to determine associations with tumor subtype. Most cases were unilateral (56/60; 93%) and solitary (55/60; 92%), with a median tumor size of 3.1 cm (range: 0.25 - 19.0 cm). Pseudopapillary/micropapillary changes were identified in 19/60 cases (32%), significantly occurring more frequently in fat-poor AML (17/30; 57%) compared to non-fat-poor AML (2/30; 7%; p < 0.001). Pseudopapillary/micropapillary growth, mostly in mixed form, within tumors was 20% on average (range: 1 - 60%). No recurrence or tumor-related deaths were observed [44/60 patients; median follow-up = 11 months (range: 1- 96 months)]. Recognizing pseudopapillary/micropapillary features, particularly in fat-poor AML and in a biopsy setting, is critical to avoid misdiagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23514,"journal":{"name":"Virchows Archiv","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Virchows ArchivPub Date : 2025-06-25DOI: 10.1007/s00428-025-04152-z
T Y Khong, C J Kim, B B Rogers
{"title":"Amsterdam Placental Workshop Group Consensus Statement definitions revisited: Basal chronic villitis.","authors":"T Y Khong, C J Kim, B B Rogers","doi":"10.1007/s00428-025-04152-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-025-04152-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Villitis of unknown etiology (VUE) can be categorized as distal, proximal, or basal, depending on the type of chorionic villi involved. Either terminal or mature intermediate villi are affected in the distal type, while stem villi are affected in the proximal type. The Amsterdam Placental Workshop Group Consensus Statement did not amplify on the definition of basal VUE. We review the literature to explore the entity, focusing on the terminology, inflammatory infiltrate, involved structures, prevalence, and clinical significance. The prevalence of the lesion, variously defined, in placentas with differing indications for pathological examination and which could include cases with concurrent intraparenchymal VUE ranges from 6.6 to 28.3% of VUE; however, the prevalence of VUE confined only to basal and parabasal villi could be as low as 3%. We propose that the villi that are inflamed must be clearly identified as anchoring or anchored villi; that the preferred term is basal chronic villitis; and that it is diagnosed when chorionic inflammation of anchoring villi, or of villi anchored within the basal plate is seen. No studies have looked specifically at the clinical significance of basal villitis; associations with donor oocyte IVF pregnancies, fetal growth restriction, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, pre-eclampsia, and morbidly adherent placenta have been reported by some but not confirmed by others. VUE should continue to be reported as intraparenchymal, basal, or mixed until such time that the accumulated experience of the clinical correlates suggests there is no merit in doing so.</p>","PeriodicalId":23514,"journal":{"name":"Virchows Archiv","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Virchows ArchivPub Date : 2025-06-25DOI: 10.1007/s00428-025-04162-x
Siyu He, Yuyao Xie, Yinan Zhu, Ziyue Wang, Lin Fu, Xuyong Lin
{"title":"Pulmonary papillary adenoma: comprehensive clinicopathologic analysis of 10 cases and molecular genetic analysis of 7 cases.","authors":"Siyu He, Yuyao Xie, Yinan Zhu, Ziyue Wang, Lin Fu, Xuyong Lin","doi":"10.1007/s00428-025-04162-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-025-04162-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary papillary adenoma (PPA) constitutes a relatively uncommon type of lung neoplasm, which gives rise to a diagnostic intricacy. Owing to the paucity, our understanding of this disease remains far from comprehensive, and a thorough molecular investigation around PPA has been conspicuously lacking. The current study amassed a group of 10 cases of PPA that had been precisely diagnosed. We collected their clinical particulars and utilized next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to examine the genetic mutations in 7 of these cases. The study population comprised 3 female and 7 male patients, with a median age of 52.9 years. The tumor sizes ranged from 0.8 to 3.8 cm. Seven patients were asymptomatic, while three patients manifested respiratory symptoms. Through the application of NGS, a wide array of mutation patterns was identified in the 7 cases, implicating pathways such as Wnt, RTK/RAS, PI3K, and Cell Cycle/Checkpoint. More precisely, mutations in genes such as MAP2K1 (1/7), AKT1 (1/7), NF1 (1/7), APC (2/7), EGFR (1/7), NBN (1/7), and CTNNB1 (1/7) were detected. The pathways most commonly involved were the Wnt pathway (3/7, APC and CTNNB1) and the RTK/RAS pathway (3/7, MAP2K1, NF1, and EGFR). As of now, all patients are still alive, without any evidence of recurrence or metastasis. This study has significantly enlarged the PPA case database and has suggested that PPA is a tumor type possessing unique and relatively complex molecular characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":23514,"journal":{"name":"Virchows Archiv","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Virchows ArchivPub Date : 2025-06-25DOI: 10.1007/s00428-025-04156-9
Rongxue Peng, Jinming Li
{"title":"Laboratory practices for next-generation sequencing-based circulating tumor DNA analysis: insights from a comprehensive survey in China.","authors":"Rongxue Peng, Jinming Li","doi":"10.1007/s00428-025-04156-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-025-04156-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since large efforts have been done in recent years to promote the standardization of next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis, the current status of its laboratory practices in clinical settings has become a topic worthy of inquiry. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive survey on the clinical laboratory practices of NGS-based ctDNA analysis. Between May and June 2024, an online questionnaire consisting of 62 questions was distributed to laboratories that had previously participated in the proficiency testing schemes for NGS-based ctDNA analysis in China. Information on the laboratory characteristics, detailed analytical workflows, and quality assurance measures were collected. Out of 137 initial responses, 106 laboratories (77.4%) reported performing NGS-based ctDNA analysis for clinical purposes. While there was considerable variability in methodologies and workflows among these laboratories, 96.2% (102/106) of laboratories adhered to standardized pre-analytical workflows and more than 84.9% (90/106) implemented diverse quality assurance approaches to maintain testing quality. Nevertheless, critical gaps in laboratory practices were still identified, including a lack of specific criteria for sample collection timing and sample rejection, inadequate filtration measures, absence of orthogonal confirmations, incomplete validation plans, insufficient quality control metrics, and infrequent internal quality control assessments. The data revealed both strengths and critical gaps in the currently clinical laboratory practices of NGS-based ctDNA analysis in China. Albeit former efforts, future care must still be taken in establishing standardized workflows, implementing robust validation, and enforcing robust quality control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":23514,"journal":{"name":"Virchows Archiv","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Virchows ArchivPub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1007/s00428-025-04151-0
Haley Corbin, Linwah Yip, Diana Bell, Raja R Seethala
{"title":"Pleomorphic adenoma arising in salivary heterotopia-cyst complex of parathyroid: a rare origin for ectopic salivary gland neoplasia.","authors":"Haley Corbin, Linwah Yip, Diana Bell, Raja R Seethala","doi":"10.1007/s00428-025-04151-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-025-04151-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a case of an early pleomorphic adenoma arising in salivary heterotopia (SH) with an associated Kürsteiner cyst, all in the fat adjacent to a hypercellular parathyroid. The association of SH-cyst complexes with parathyroid is a recurring finding with suggested origin from Kürsteiner canals (KC), which are putative embryologic remnants of the developing thymus and inferior parathyroid glands in the third branchial pouches. We subsequently established the immunophenotype for KC (SOX-10 positive, parathyroid hormone negative, PAX-9 variable) and confirmed that the cysts of SH-cyst complexes do indeed have this phenotype and as expected, share SOX-10 positivity with the acinar and intercalated duct components of SH. Our case shows an intimate association with ductal elements, plasmacytoid myoepithelial cells, and HMGA2 reactivity, justifying designation as an incipient pleomorphic adenoma. Thus, this incidental finding provides another rare but plausible rationale for primary salivary gland tumors in the neck without a known primary.</p>","PeriodicalId":23514,"journal":{"name":"Virchows Archiv","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Frequent mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer contributes to an immunosuppressive microenvironment.","authors":"Shiori Watabe, Yoshinao Kikuchi, Daisuke Komura, Masato Watanabe, Masahiro Kato, Hiroshi Uozaki","doi":"10.1007/s00428-025-04153-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-025-04153-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (MMT) is the process by which mesothelial cells transform into fibroblast-like cells and migrate into the stroma. Recently, antigen-presenting cancer associated fibroblasts (apCAFs) have been shown to originate from mesothelial cells undergoing MMT and establish an immunosuppressive microenvironment by inducing regulatory T cells (Tregs). It remains unclear whether MMT occurs universally across various cancer types during peritoneal dissemination as a physiological reaction or if its occurrence depends on the organ of origin and tumor characteristics. This study investigated MMT induction and its significance in primary and peritoneal disseminated lesions of colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRAC) and gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). Analysis of publicly available single-cell RNA sequence data confirmed the presence of MMT-induced cells in both cancer types. Histopathologically, immunohistochemical studies revealed MMT induction in 75.3% of CRAC and 31.0% of GAC primary lesions, and in 67.6% of CRAC and 20.5% of GAC disseminated lesions. MMT induction was more frequent in CRAC than in GAC, even at the same sites of dissemination. In CRAC, MMT was more frequently observed in tubular than in non-tubular adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, the number of apCAFs and Tregs increased with the degree of MMT induction in disseminated CRAC lesions, showing a positive correlation between their numbers. This study demonstrates that MMT is not merely a physiological reaction to cancer invasion, but is induced by cancer, with its extent varying by different cancer types. The induction of the MMT in disseminated CRAC lesions may play a significant role in establishing an immunosuppressive microenvironment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23514,"journal":{"name":"Virchows Archiv","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Virchows ArchivPub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1007/s00428-025-04148-9
Zitong Zhao, Joella Xiaohong Ang, Ravichandran Nadarajah, Shing Lih Wong
{"title":"Endometrial assessment for fertility-sparing treatment of young women with early-stage endometrial carcinoma: adaptation of a standardized synoptic reporting.","authors":"Zitong Zhao, Joella Xiaohong Ang, Ravichandran Nadarajah, Shing Lih Wong","doi":"10.1007/s00428-025-04148-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-025-04148-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent guidelines emphasize regular endometrial assessment for fertility-sparing treatment (FST) in endometrial carcinoma (EC), but no consensus exists on histological reporting. We reviewed 14 patients under 40 years old with early-stage, low-grade endometrial endometrioid carcinoma (EEC) treated with FST. Our patients received oral therapy (28.6%) or combined oral therapy with intrauterine device (71.4%), and were followed for 11-76 months (median, 31.5 months). Using a classification proposed by Wheeler et al., treatment outcomes included resolution (50%), persistence (14.3%), progression (14.3%), and recurrence (21.4%). Resolution occurred within 4-15 months. Two patients achieved successful pregnancies. Three underwent hysterectomy, including one with progression and distant metastasis. We find that young women with EEC often extend FST beyond recommended durations due to strong fertility desires, increasing progression risk. Standardized synoptic reporting with routine reviews of prior biopsies, obtaining deeper tissue sections, and seeking second opinions can improve endometrial assessment and guide treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23514,"journal":{"name":"Virchows Archiv","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Virchows ArchivPub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1007/s00428-025-04114-5
Caoimhe Egan, Sophie Song, Wei-Ping Liu, Zhe Wang, Wenbin Xiao, John K C Chan, Stefan Dirnhofer, Falko Fend, John R Goodlad, Xiaoqiu Li, Robert Lorsbach, Jean-Francois Emile
{"title":"Plasmacytoid dendritic cell proliferations, malignant histiocytic (macrophage/dendritic cell) neoplasms and follicular dendritic cell neoplasms: report from the 2024 Joint CSHP/EA4HP/SH workshop.","authors":"Caoimhe Egan, Sophie Song, Wei-Ping Liu, Zhe Wang, Wenbin Xiao, John K C Chan, Stefan Dirnhofer, Falko Fend, John R Goodlad, Xiaoqiu Li, Robert Lorsbach, Jean-Francois Emile","doi":"10.1007/s00428-025-04114-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00428-025-04114-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms of hematopoietic origin are derived from or show differentiation towards the cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system. Plasmacytoid dendritic cell proliferations/neoplasms include mature plasmacytoid dendritic cell proliferations identified in the context of a defined myeloid neoplasm and blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm, an aggressive tumor with a poor outcome. Malignant histiocytic (macrophage/dendritic cell) neoplasms occur de novo or in the setting of another hematological malignancy, typically \"transdifferentiated\" from associated lymphoid neoplasia. Recurrent alterations in the MAPK pathway have been shown to have a key role in their pathogenesis. Neoplasms derived from follicular dendritic cells and fibroblastic reticular cells originate from a mesenchymal precursor. The major entities in this group include follicular dendritic sarcoma, which has recently been shown to harbor recurrent alterations in NF-κB pathway genes, and EBV positive inflammatory follicular dendritic cell sarcoma/tumor, a rare lesion with an inflammatory pseudotumor-like morphology and association with EBV infection. At the joint Workshop of the Chinese Society of Hematopathology (CSHP), the European Association for Haematopathology (EA4HP) and the Society for Hematopathology (SH) on histiocytic/dendritic cell proliferations, neoplasms, and their mimics in Hefei, China, April 2024, there were 16 cases submitted to session 3 on plasmacytoid dendritic cell proliferations and neoplasms, and a total of 42 submissions to session 4 on malignant histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms, including stroma-derived neoplasms. A summary of the findings and conclusions arising from discussion of the workshop cases are presented in this report.</p>","PeriodicalId":23514,"journal":{"name":"Virchows Archiv","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}