Vol 72, No 3 (2019)最新文献

{"title":"Comparative evaluation between atmospheric and sub-baric processing of\u0000Gulabjamun","authors":"S. ., Menon Rekha R, Praveen Kumar Y S, M. Manjunatha, G. M. Kumar, B. Nath","doi":"10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.003","url":null,"abstract":"© Abstract: Gulabjamun , a popular Indian dairy sweet, is characterised with a brown crust and a soft, slightly spongy core with a uniform granular texture and a pleasant cooked flavour. Sub-baric processing is a novel technology which uses low temperature, low pressure and minimal exposure to oxygen which ultimately improves the quality parameters of fried foods. An attempt was made to compare conventional and sub-baric processed Gulabjamun in terms of its sensory, physical, chemical and microbial attributes. The processing conditions for frying were 118°C/5min/80kPa vacuum and 140°C/8min (under atmospheric pressure) for sub-baric frying and conventional frying, respectively. The soaking conditions were 60°Brix at 30°C for 5min for sub-baric soaking and 63°Brix/60°C/4 h for conventional soaking. The sub-baric frying of Gulabjamun resulted in reduced oil and moisture content in the final product. Microbial enumeration also indicated a lower count in sub-baric fried product when compared to conventionally fried Gulabjamun . The colour of both samples was comparable while the textural properties were found to be better for sub-baric processed product. Sensory score for overall acceptability based on 9 point hedonic scale were 8.2 and 7.14 for sub-baric processed and conventional product, respectively. Apart from these advantages, sub-baric processing recorded significantly less processing time than the conventional","PeriodicalId":23489,"journal":{"name":"Vol 72, No 3 (2019)","volume":"385 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76461708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of feeding betaine hydrochloride and bypass fat supplement on feed intake, milk yield and physiological parameters in lactating buffaloes during heat stress","authors":"S. Shankhpal, C. R. Waghela, P. L. Sherasia, A. Srivastava, V. Sridhar","doi":"10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.009","url":null,"abstract":"© Abstract: Present study examined the effect of feeding betaine hydrochloride (BH) and bypass fat (BF) in 24 early lactating buffaloes during May to July, 2018 in Nadiad district of Gujarat state. Buffaloes (30-35 days in milk) yielding 10-12 kg milk/d were divided into three groups of eight each based on milk yield, fat% and stage of lactation. Buffaloes in T 1 group (control) were fed basal ration. In addition to basal ration, buffaloes in T 2 group were fed daily 30 g BH + 100 g buffer; while buffaloes in T 3 group were fed daily 30 g BH + 100 g buffer + 100 g BF for 60 days. Average thermal humidity index was 80.10 at 14:00 hr during the trial period. Study revealed that DMI improved (P=0.011) in T 3 group as compared to control. Non-significant difference in milk yield was observed among the groups; however, reduction in milk yield was lower in T 2 & T 3 groups, as compared to control. Milk fat improved by 3.2% and 6.2% (P=0.002) in T 2 and T 3 groups, respectively. Rectal temperature (102.8, 102.7 vs 103.6 °F), respiration rate (46.0, 45.1 vs 60.1 breath/min.) and pulse rate (61.2, 58.5 vs 72.9 pulse/min.) at 14:00 hr were significantly (P<0.01) lower in buffaloes under T 2 and T 3 group as compared to T 1 group. Average net daily income was increased by Rs. 36.02 and 47.43 in T 2 and T 3 group, respectively as compared to","PeriodicalId":23489,"journal":{"name":"Vol 72, No 3 (2019)","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88803416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing in adoption of livestock insurance with special reference to Haryana","authors":"S. Singh, B. Chandel","doi":"10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.015","url":null,"abstract":"© Abstract: In spite of the concerted efforts put forth by the Government, the adoption of livestock insurance has been very low in the country. The reasons for its lack of adoption could be related with implementation and efficacy of the scheme, and socio-economic conditions of the farmer. In logit relationship, the paper found that increase in herd size and share of crossbred animals in the herd raised the probability to adopt the livestock insurance. Any efforts on the part of Government, Extension and Research Organizations to promote commercialization of dairy farming and up-gradation of germplasm of animals will go a long way in supporting the livestock insurance in the","PeriodicalId":23489,"journal":{"name":"Vol 72, No 3 (2019)","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78317438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dairy tourism, a new facet of dairy entrepreneurship: Visitors’ perception","authors":"M. B. Tengli, B. Meena, Pampi Paul, Santosh Onte","doi":"10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.017","url":null,"abstract":"© Abstract: The republic of the India, have taken pledge of enhancing farmer’s income, attracting and retaining youth in agriculture and other measures to bring paradigm shift in agriculture. Only 1.2 percent youths aspire to be farmers. Entrepreneurship opportunities in dairying beyond milk production and processing need to be thought of in order to enhance farmers’ income and attract youth in dairy. In this context this study was conducted to identify scope for developing Dairy Tourism Model (DTM). The study was undertaken in the year 2016-2017, in the premises of milk parlour of ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal. The visitors of milk parlour were chosen as respondents. Data was collected from 100 visitors and the outcome of the study is concerned, dairy tourism is not a fully developed concept as other niche tourism, the prospective consumers were eager to realize this concept. The visitors’ perceptions about dairy tourism were divergent and no consensus was arrived among them. This divergence is a gap that needs to be filled by means of an exploratory research in developing a dairy tourism model. One can anticipate that dairy tourism if realized can demand a share of value among other niche","PeriodicalId":23489,"journal":{"name":"Vol 72, No 3 (2019)","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80540226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of bull exposure on the behavioural intensity of estrus in Sahiwal heifers (Bos Indicus)","authors":"S. Choudhary, M. Kamboj, Nitin Raheja, C. KotreshPrasad, Pawan Singh, Nishanth Kumar, Deepandita Barman, M. Bhakat","doi":"10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.011","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to study the influence of the presence of a bull on the behavioural signs of estrus expressed by Sahiwal heifers. For this experiment, a total of 24 Sahiwal heifers were allotted to 3 groups (T 0 , T 1 and T 2 ) of 8 animals each, based on the age and body weight. In T 0 , the heifers were isolated from the bull; in T 1 group, the heifers were in contact with the bull through a fenceline exposure and in T2 group, the heifers were exposed through a fenceline contact (24 hours) with bull along with direct contact (for 6 hours) through another bull in the heifer shed. Estrus detection was done by bulls in T 1 and T 2 heifers group whereas in T 0 group, heifers heat expectancy chart and visual observation of behavioural signs of estrus was used for estrus detection. Overall mean intensity of sniffing/licking, tail raising, micturition, chin resting and allowing mounting attempts during silent estrus in T 0 was largely weak (88.64%) and in T 1 heifers group, intensity was weak to moderate (60.05 and 34.58 %) whereas, in T 2 group, percentage of weak, moderate and intense was 38.5 %, 27.0 % and 34.4 % respectively. The per cent mean intensity of estrus behaviour in second estrus was weak to moderate (71.875 and 28.12) in T 0 , whereas in T 1 group, intensity was largely weak to moderate (42.9 % and 41.3%) and intensity of cardinal signs of estrus in T 2 was mostly moderate to intense in nature (31.9 % and 57.7%). It can be concluded that bull biostimulation of Sahiwal heifers through direct contact plus fenceline contact was more effective in increasing estrus behaviour intensity as compared to the only fenceline contact. Most prominent cardinal symptoms of estrus in biostimulated as well as non-biostimulated Sahiwal heifers were sniffing and licking, micturition, tail raising, allowing mounting attempts and chin resting.","PeriodicalId":23489,"journal":{"name":"Vol 72, No 3 (2019)","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85850324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic analysis of dairy cattle farms under town milk supply scheme in Jorhat district of Assam","authors":"Shweta Priyamvada, B. Mishra","doi":"10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.013","url":null,"abstract":"© Abstract: Dairy development has assumed significant importance in the rural economy of India due to its immense potential for supplementing income and employment generation for the rural people. Recently, under the Town Milk Supply Scheme, Government of Assam has attempted to increase the milk production under organized sector. Present study is an attempt to study the economics of organized dairy cattle farms in Jorhat district of Assam started under the scheme. The study was done by selecting 100 commercial dairy farmers under organized dairy sector in Jorhat district of Assam.In the study area 81 dairy farmer found to be small category, 10 dairy farmers were identified to be in medium category and nine dairy farmers were in large category of dairy farmer.The total milk production in 100 sample dairy farms was reported as 3445 litres per day with average milk production of 8.79 litres per day per milch animal. The total milk production per day per farm in small dairy farms was observed as 21.57 litres, in medium dairy farms as 58.7 litres and in large as 123.44 litres. Overall the average milk production per farm in 100 sample households was estimated to be 34.45 litres per farm per day. With more than 94 percent of the investments the dairy cattle’s especially the cross breed and Indian breed accounted for the maximum share of the investments.A return of Rs. 812.68 per farm per day in small category of dairy farms, Rs. 2210.85 per farm per day in medium category of dairy farms, Rs. 4497.81 per farm per day in large category of dairy farms was observed. The income from sale of milk constituted the maximum proportion of the income (more than 98 percent) in all the categories of the dairy farm. The returns from sale of manure/cow dung and male calves also contributed to the total income but in minimal way. It was observed that the profit per farm per day increased from Rs. 248.53 from small farms to Rs. 690.86 in medium farms to Rs. 773.9 in large dairy farms.Feed cost influence was positive and significant. Hence, increase in the use of feed would increase the revenue from dairy farms by 1.66","PeriodicalId":23489,"journal":{"name":"Vol 72, No 3 (2019)","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81217567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of shelf life of paneer by surface salt treatment","authors":"Hk Malodia, Bs Beniwal","doi":"10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.008","url":null,"abstract":"Paneer was prepared and cut into cubes of three sizes i.e. 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 cm. Their surfaces were treated with two concentrations (0.8 and 1.2 % w/w basis) of dry common salt. They were packed in LDPE (50-55 micron) packages and stored at 3 different temperatures i.e. 20±2C, 5±2C and -15±2C. The paneer cubes of 2.5 cm size served as control. It was revealed that the paneer cube of 1.5 cm cube size with 1.2 % salt application had the longest shelf life as evidenced by the sensory scores; supported by lower TBA, FFA and NPN values. Paneer cubes of 1.5 cm size had a score above “like slightly” even on the tenth day of storage at 5C. All the samples stored at -15C were acceptable on 60 day; however, paneer cubes of 1.5 cm size and 1.2% salt scored high on the sensory scale.","PeriodicalId":23489,"journal":{"name":"Vol 72, No 3 (2019)","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72646846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and selection of cultures based on techno-functional properties for ripening of cream","authors":"H. Gupta, S. Mandal, S. Tomar","doi":"10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.007","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to screen and select diacetyl producing Lactococcuslactis culture(s) based on techno-functional properties for ripening of cream to formulate defined strain starter for preparation of ripened cream. Diacetyl production (determined by Creatine test) of 13 Lactococcus cultures from National Collection of Dairy Cultures, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal was studied in skim milk at 30°C for 0, 6, 8 and 10 h. Four potent diacetyl producing cultures, namely L. lactis NCDC 97, 127, 128, 193 were selected on this basis for further study alongwith diacetyl negative L. lactis NCDC 314. Growth, acidification and diacetyl production profiles of selected cultures were evaluated in skim milk and cream (40% fat) at 30°C for 0, 6, 8 and 10 h. L. lactis NCDC 128 and 193 started diacetyl production at 6 h of fermentation in skim milk as well as in cream, which was further increased upto 8 h of fermentation. Diacetyl production in cow cream (40% fat) at 8 and 10 h of fermentation were comparable. The pH of cream and skim milk dropped from 6.2 to 4.5. Viable counts were observed to be increased by 2 log from initial count of 7 log cfu/ml. Growth, acidification and diacetyl production were higher in skim milk as compared to cream.","PeriodicalId":23489,"journal":{"name":"Vol 72, No 3 (2019)","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73450586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economics of milk production and factors affecting milk yield in Meghalaya: Estimating the seasonal effect","authors":"S. M. Feroze, R. Singh, S. Sirohi","doi":"10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.014","url":null,"abstract":"© Abstract: This paper estimated the effect of season on milk yield and cost of milk production in Meghalaya, a state located in the North Eastern hill region of India. Primary data were collected from 300 randomly selected dairy farmers in three different seasons during 2013-14. It was found that a herd was composed of 2.27 crossbreds and 1.20 local milking cows in the study area. The net maintenance cost was highest in the month of winter in case of local cows ( 75) and in the month of rainy season in case of CBs (167) whereas, minimum in summer season for both local ( 68) and CB ( 151) cows. The net returns per litre of milk were negative for local cows whereas, it were positive for crossbreds; highest being in rainy season and lowest in the summer season. The amount of labour and green fodder have positive, but the stage of lactation has negative and significant effect on the milk yield across the seasons. The milk yield in rainy and winter season was significantly higher than the summer season. The ANCOVA model indicated significant effect of season on milk yield of in milk cows in the study","PeriodicalId":23489,"journal":{"name":"Vol 72, No 3 (2019)","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80768523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soymilk protein detection in milk- A review","authors":"P. Gautam, R. Sharma, Suvartan Ranvir, Kamal Gandhi, B. Mann","doi":"10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33785/IJDS.2019.V72I03.001","url":null,"abstract":"Milk being considered as a complete food can also be easily adulterated by a large number of adulterants. Such type of adulteration deteriorates its quality and can affect the health of the consumers. Processing such type of adulterated milk can affect certain processing parameters in the dairy industry thus affecting the quality of final products. A large number of adulterants in milk have been used worldwide and have been reported like water, urea, carbohydrates, foreign proteins, vegetable or animal fats, melamine and so on. Unscrupulous producers even add hazardous substances to gain profits. This review focuses on the detection of soy proteins by different methods like RP-HPLC, UHPLC, SDS-CE, SDS-PAGE, SDS-PAGE/ MS, FPLC, NIR spectroscopy, FTIR, lateral flow assay, biosensors, LC/MS-MS that have been developed and used since last 25 years. From long and time-consuming electrophoretic to biosensor-based methods, this review will provide a clear understanding of the various assays.","PeriodicalId":23489,"journal":{"name":"Vol 72, No 3 (2019)","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73524102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}