Tubercle最新文献_第4页

Adenosine deaminase levels in cerebrospinal fluid in tuberculosis and bacterial meningitis 结核和细菌性脑膜炎患者脑脊液中腺苷脱氨酶水平

Tubercle Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0041-3879(91)90006-E

R.K. Chawla, R.K. Seth, B. Raj, A.S. Saini

引用次数: 20

Disturbance of the psychological balance during isoniazid preventive chemotherapy 异烟肼预防性化疗中心理平衡的干扰

Tubercle Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0041-3879(91)90014-J

J.J. van der Have

引用次数: 2

Selected list of publications 选定刊物一览表

Tubercle Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0041-3879(91)90015-K

引用次数: 0

Diagnosis of sputum smear-negative forms of pulmonary tuberculosis by transthoracic fine-needle aspiration 经胸细针抽吸痰涂片阴性肺结核的诊断

Tubercle Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0041-3879(91)90010-P

I. Gomes , E. Trindade , O. Vidal , O. Yeep , I. Amendoeirai , A. Marques

{"title":"Diagnosis of sputum smear-negative forms of pulmonary tuberculosis by transthoracic fine-needle aspiration","authors":"I. Gomes , E. Trindade , O. Vidal , O. Yeep , I. Amendoeirai , A. Marques","doi":"10.1016/0041-3879(91)90010-P","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0041-3879(91)90010-P","url":null,"abstract":"<div>We reviewed 25 patients submitted to transthoracic fine-needle aspiration (TFNA) who had a final diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. In all cases, bacteriological stains and cultures of sputum and bronchial washing had been performed before admission and were negative. According to the material obtained from the procedure, the aspirates were divided in three groups: diagnostic (Ziehl-Neelsen and/or culture positive, n = 8, 32%), suggestive (granulomatous inflammatory changes, n = 10, 40%) and inconclusive (nonspecific inflammatory changes, isolated giant cells and/or blood, n = 7, 28%). On chest X-ray, 12 patients had opacities with the greatest diameter not exceeding 4 cm. All aspirates in the diagnostic group were from patients with this type of lesion, while all the inconclusive aspirates belonged to patients with larger lesions. As complications, 1 patient needed thoracic drainage for pneumothorax and 3 patients had haemoptyses.Thus TFNA has a place in the diagnosis of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis when more simple methods have failed, and its effectiveness seems to be increased when the lesions do not exceed 4 cm in diameter.</div>","PeriodicalId":23472,"journal":{"name":"Tubercle","volume":"72 3","pages":"Pages 210-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0041-3879(91)90010-P","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12934477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Pulmonary disease caused by Mycobacterium malmoense. Comments on the possible origin of infection and methods for laboratory diagnosis 由马尔氏分枝杆菌引起的肺部疾病。对可能的感染来源和实验室诊断方法的看法

Tubercle Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0041-3879(91)90012-H

F. Portaels , M. Denef , L. Larsson

引用次数: 13

Rifabutin in combination with clofazimine, isoniazid and ethambutol in the treatment of AIDS patients with infections due to opportunist mycobacteria 利福布汀联合氯法齐明、异烟肼和乙胺丁醇治疗机会性分枝杆菌感染的临床观察

Tubercle Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0041-3879(91)90002-A

B. Dautzenberg , Ch. Truffot , A. Mignon , W. Rozenbaum , C. Katlama , Ch. Perronne , R. Parrot , J. Grosset , GETIM (Groupe d'Etude et de Traitement des Infections à Mycobacteries Résistantes)

{"title":"Rifabutin in combination with clofazimine, isoniazid and ethambutol in the treatment of AIDS patients with infections due to opportunist mycobacteria","authors":"B. Dautzenberg , Ch. Truffot , A. Mignon , W. Rozenbaum , C. Katlama , Ch. Perronne , R. Parrot , J. Grosset , GETIM (Groupe d'Etude et de Traitement des Infections à Mycobacteries Résistantes)","doi":"10.1016/0041-3879(91)90002-A","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0041-3879(91)90002-A","url":null,"abstract":"<div>96 AIDS patients with fever and either acid-fast bacilli on microscopic examination of bacteriological samples or mycobacteria isolated by culture were treated with a daily 4-drug combination of 7–10 mg/kg rifabutin, 5 mg/kg isoniazid, 20 mg/kg ethambutol and 100 mg clofazimine.46 patients were excluded from efficacy assessment: 13 died before or within the first days of treatment, 5 had negative initial cultures, 14 had initial cultures positive for M. tuberculosis, 4 for M. kansasii, 1 for M. flavescens, 1 for M. gordonae, 7 were lost to follow-up and 1 received no rifabutin.In the 50 remaining patients, 31 had disseminated disease due to M. avium intracellulare complex (MAIC) and 19 had apparently localised disease, due to MAIC in 15 cases and to M. xenopi in 4 cases. Side-effects led to withdrawal of isoniazid in 1 case (hepatic enzymes increased) and rifabutin in another (thrombocytopenia). After 1 month of treatment, fever decreased from 38.4 ± 0.6 °C to 37.7 ± 0.5 °C (p < 0.01) and patients stopped losing weight. After 3 months treatment, only 37 patients were alive and still under treatment. Cultures became negative in 16 of 23 patients with available bacteriological data (9 of 14 patients with disseminated disease and 7 of 9 patients with localised disease), relapse occurred before death in 4 patients. 34 patients died before treatment was completed. Death was considered to be related to mycobacterial infection in 5 cases.We conclude that the 4-drug combination is safe and, in some cases, it appears to be effective.</div>","PeriodicalId":23472,"journal":{"name":"Tubercle","volume":"72 3","pages":"Pages 168-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0041-3879(91)90002-A","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12828657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

A modified broth dilution assay for antibiotic sensitivity testing of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare using paraffin slide cultures 一种改进的肉汤稀释法用于石蜡玻片培养的鸟分枝杆菌细胞内抗生素敏感性试验

Tubercle Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0041-3879(91)90008-G

R.A. Ollar , S. Brown , J.W. Dale , M.S. Felder , I.N. Brown , F.F. Edwards , D. Armstrong

{"title":"A modified broth dilution assay for antibiotic sensitivity testing of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare using paraffin slide cultures","authors":"R.A. Ollar , S. Brown , J.W. Dale , M.S. Felder , I.N. Brown , F.F. Edwards , D. Armstrong","doi":"10.1016/0041-3879(91)90008-G","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0041-3879(91)90008-G","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) can utilize paraffin wax as the sole carbon source in basal media. Paraffin slide culture (Para SL/C) has been employed for isolation and speciation of MAI derived from clinical sources. We have evaluated an adaptation of this method for antimicrobial sensitivity testing. Sixteen clinical isolates of MAI were tested against ciprofloxacin amikacin, and azithromycin by Para SL/C and compared with sensitivities obtained with a conventional troth microtiter procedure. The system can be performed rapidly over a median time interval of 6–8 days. The MIC was defined as the lowest concentration of antimicrobial agent necessary to inhibit growth on paraffin wax coated slides. With Para SL/C, the MIC values were determined at the time when the corresponding control tubes showed confluent growth. The procedure was reproducible with all of the agents tested. The MIC50 and MIC90 values obtained from the Para SL/C assay and from serial broth microtiter dilutions correlated well for ciprofloxacin and amiacin. However, results of the MIC50 and MIC90 for azithromycin did not correlate.</div>","PeriodicalId":23472,"journal":{"name":"Tubercle","volume":"72 3","pages":"Pages 198-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0041-3879(91)90008-G","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12828659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

An immunogenetic view of delayed type hypersensitivity 延迟型超敏反应的免疫遗传学观点

Tubercle Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0041-3879(91)90001-9

R.R.P. de Vries

{"title":"An immunogenetic view of delayed type hypersensitivity","authors":"R.R.P. de Vries","doi":"10.1016/0041-3879(91)90001-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0041-3879(91)90001-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div>This review, the third in the series on cellular immune reactivity to tubercle bacilli in the centenary year of Koch's classical paper describing this phenomenon and its possible implications [1], represents an immunogenetic point of view. In fact this will be quite a broad point of view by an immunogeneticist who is not hampered by specific knowledge on therapy or prevention of tuberculosis. In this respect I probably do not differ very much from Robert Koch 100 years ago! An important difference, however, is that we think we now understand a great deal of the cellular and molecular basis of the immunological phenomena observed by Koch. Immunogenetics has contributed considerably to our current understanding and I will try to review that contribution here. Because thus far my main research interest has been in another mycobacterium, namely Mycobacterium leprae, I will use M. leprae and leprosy as an example to illustrate some ideas. The message of this review is that there is a reason for optimism: the knowledge recently gained by cellular and molecular immunologists as well as immunogeneticists has straightforward implications for the rational development of subunit vaccines and immunotherapeutic strategies.</div>","PeriodicalId":23472,"journal":{"name":"Tubercle","volume":"72 3","pages":"Pages 161-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0041-3879(91)90001-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12933872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Comparative in vitro and in vivo activity of fleroxacin and ofloxacin against various mycobacteria 比较氟罗沙星和氧氟沙星对多种分枝杆菌的体内外活性

Tubercle Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0041-3879(91)90003-B

H. Tomioka, K. Sato, H. Saito

{"title":"Comparative in vitro and in vivo activity of fleroxacin and ofloxacin against various mycobacteria","authors":"H. Tomioka, K. Sato, H. Saito","doi":"10.1016/0041-3879(91)90003-B","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0041-3879(91)90003-B","url":null,"abstract":"<div>In vitro antimicrobial activity of fleroxacin (6,8- difluoro-1-(2-fluoroethyl)-1, 4-dihydro-7- (4-methyl-1 -piperazinyl) -4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid) and ofloxacin against representative pathogenic mycobacteria was evaluated by the agar dilution method, using 7H11 agar medium. Fleroxacin showed appreciable antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MIC90=6.25 mg/l), M. kansasii (MIC90=3.13 mg/l), and M. fortuitum (MIC90=6.25 mg/l), whereas M. marinum, M. scrofulaceum, M. avium, M. intracellulare, and M. chelonae were highly resistant to the agent. The activity of fleroxacin was comparable to that of ofloxacin. Fleroxacin showed antimicrobial activity against M. intracellulare phagocytosed in murine peritoneal macrophages at a concentration of 10 mg/l in the culture medium, but its activity was considerably lower than that of ofloxacin. On the other hand, the therapeutic activity of fleroxacin against M. fortuitum infection induced in mice was higher than that of ofloxacin. Neither fleroxacin nor ofloxacin was efficacious against M. intracellulare infection. Fleroxacin significantly depressed the growth of M. leprae in the mouse footpad.</div>","PeriodicalId":23472,"journal":{"name":"Tubercle","volume":"72 3","pages":"Pages 176-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0041-3879(91)90003-B","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12933873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Sensitivity to sensitins and tuberculin in Swedish children III. Sequential versus simultaneous skin testing 瑞典儿童对敏感素和结核菌素的敏感性III。顺序与同步皮肤试验

Tubercle Pub Date : 1991-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0041-3879(91)90005-D

L.O. Larsson , B.-E. Skoogh , M.W. Bentzon , M. Magnusson , J. Olofsoni , A. Lind

{"title":"Sensitivity to sensitins and tuberculin in Swedish children III. Sequential versus simultaneous skin testing","authors":"L.O. Larsson , B.-E. Skoogh , M.W. Bentzon , M. Magnusson , J. Olofsoni , A. Lind","doi":"10.1016/0041-3879(91)90005-D","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0041-3879(91)90005-D","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The aim of this study was to determine whether simultaneous and sequential skin testing with tuberculin and sensitins give consistent results. A total of 475 8- or 9-year-old schoolchildren were skin tested sequentially, at an interval of 3 days, with PPD tuberculin and with either Mycobacterium scrofulaceum or M. avium sensitin. The results were compared with those of 470 simultaneously tested children chosen from the same living area.There were no statistically significant differences between the frequencies of the reactions of sequentially and simultaneously tested children. When the sequential testing procedure was employed, 3.1% reacted to tuberculin, 19% to M. avium sensitin and 30% to M. scrofulaceum sensitin, taking a 6 mm cut-off. The corresponding figures for the simultaneously tested children were 4.7, 21 and 36%, respectively. Thus, there was no indication that the simultaneous testing procedure in itself influenced the results, neither was there any sign of a booster effect when testing in sequence with an interval of 3 days in non-BCG-vaccinated children.</div>","PeriodicalId":23472,"journal":{"name":"Tubercle","volume":"72 3","pages":"Pages 187-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0041-3879(91)90005-D","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12933874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6