H. Crawley, R. Mckay, W. Meyer, E. J. Rosenberg, W. D. Thomas
{"title":"Performance Of Flash ADCs In The 100 MHz Range","authors":"H. Crawley, R. Mckay, W. Meyer, E. J. Rosenberg, W. D. Thomas","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693350","url":null,"abstract":"Describes a systematic study of the performance of commercially available FADCs (flash analog-to-digital converter) in the 100-megasample/s range, which might be suitable for use at the Superconducting Super Collider. Performance characteristics are measured using a CAMAC-based test bench. Among the FADC performance characteristics reported are linearity, differential linearity, and the effective number of bits. >","PeriodicalId":234642,"journal":{"name":"1990 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117230159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Bendriem, S. Dewey, D. Schlyer, A. Wolf, N. Volkow
{"title":"Quantitation Of The Human Basal Ganglia with Positron Emission Tomography","authors":"B. Bendriem, S. Dewey, D. Schlyer, A. Wolf, N. Volkow","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693542","url":null,"abstract":"The accurate measurement of the concentration of a radioisotope in small structures with PET requires a correction for quantitation loss due to the partial volume effect and the effect of scattered radiation. To evaluate errors associated with measures in the human basal ganglia (BG) we have built a unilateral model of the BG that we have inserted in a 20 cm cylinder. The recovery coefficient (RC = measured activity/true activity) for our BG phantom has been measured on a CTI tomograph (model 931-08/12) with different background concentrations (contrast) and at different axial locations in the gantry. The BG was visualized on 4 or 5 slices depending on its position in the gantry and on the contrast used. The RC was 0.75 with no background (contrast equal to 1.0). Increasing the relative radioactivity concentration in the background increased the RC from 0.75 to 2.00 when the contrast was {minus}0.7 (BG < Background). The RC was also affected by the size and the shape of the region of interest (ROI) used (RC from 0.75 to 0.67 with ROI size from 0.12 to 1.41 cm{sup 2}). These results show that accurate RC correction depends not only on the volume of the structure but also on its contrast with its surroundings as well as on the selection of the ROI. They also demonstrate that the higher the contrast the more sensitive to axial positioning PET measurements in the BG are. These data provide us with some information about the variability of PET measurements in small structure like the BG and we have proposed some strategies to improve the reproducibility. 18 refs., 3 figs., 5 tabs.","PeriodicalId":234642,"journal":{"name":"1990 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115303425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Control Room Design And Automationin the advanced BWR(ABWR)","authors":"M. A. Ross, K. Iwaki, M. Makino","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693494","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":234642,"journal":{"name":"1990 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127095265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wavlet Transforms For Imaging","authors":"D. Healy, J.B. Weavert","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693568","url":null,"abstract":"This note summarizes a technique which utilizes slice selective RF pulses in the plane of the image to generate potentially very fast MR images. These sweeping RF pulses excite distributions of spins which move in time. The RF replaces phase encoding gradients; no fast pulsed gradients are required as in echo planar imaging. The sampling requirements of the associated discrete transforms are known from the theory of phase space signal processing. The limitations of the techniques involve the speed with which the spins phase and dephase. We are using Bloch equation simulations to investigate the possible shapes and speeds for sweeping RF pulses.","PeriodicalId":234642,"journal":{"name":"1990 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124831410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fisher Scoring Approach To Maximum Likelihood Estimation In Positron Emission Tomography","authors":"T. Tomitani","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693603","url":null,"abstract":"Lack of algebraic solution of the optimality condi- tion of maximum likelihood estimation in positron emission tomography forces us to solve it numerically by means of iterative methods. This article presents Fisher scoring@) method, in which inversion of a huge matrix is needed and two approximation methods, i.e., random phase approximation @PA) and pseudo-inverse0 approximation, were investi- gated. Tests on simple models of small matrix size revealed that estimate can be negative. From computer simulation of new algorithms, it tumed out that the speed of RPA was estimated to be 4 to 6 times faster than that of EM algorithm. In the case of FS with PI, error image becomes stationary after a few iterations, which suggests that the process practically has converged even in the presence of noise. However, vari- ance increases gradually beyond 5 iterations. One possible reason of the increase of variance is inconsistency of the feed- back procedure, since actual image processing is band-limited.","PeriodicalId":234642,"journal":{"name":"1990 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125870185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Antilogus, D. Aston, T. Bienz, F. Bird, S. Dasu, W. Dunwoodie, G. Hallewell, H. Kawahara, Y. Kwon, D. Leith, D. Marshall, D. Muller, T. Nagamine, G. Oxoby, B. Ratcliff, P. Rensing, D. Schultz, S. Shapiro, C. Simopoulos, E. Solodovo, F. Suekane, N. Toge, J. Va’vra, S. Williams, R. Wilson, J. S. Whitaker, A. Bean, D. Caldwell, J. Duboseq, J. Huber, A. Lu, L. Mathys, S. Mchugh, R. Morrison, M. Witherell, S. Yellin, P. Coyle, D. Coyne, E. Spencer, A. D. D 'oliveira, R.A. Johnson, J. Martinez, M. Nussbaum, A. Santha, A. Shoup, I. Stockdale, P. Jacques, R. Plano, P. Stamer, K. Abe, K. Hasegawa, H. Yuta
{"title":"Cherenkov Ring Imaging Detector Front-end Electronics","authors":"P. Antilogus, D. Aston, T. Bienz, F. Bird, S. Dasu, W. Dunwoodie, G. Hallewell, H. Kawahara, Y. Kwon, D. Leith, D. Marshall, D. Muller, T. Nagamine, G. Oxoby, B. Ratcliff, P. Rensing, D. Schultz, S. Shapiro, C. Simopoulos, E. Solodovo, F. Suekane, N. Toge, J. Va’vra, S. Williams, R. Wilson, J. S. Whitaker, A. Bean, D. Caldwell, J. Duboseq, J. Huber, A. Lu, L. Mathys, S. Mchugh, R. Morrison, M. Witherell, S. Yellin, P. Coyle, D. Coyne, E. Spencer, A. D. D 'oliveira, R.A. Johnson, J. Martinez, M. Nussbaum, A. Santha, A. Shoup, I. Stockdale, P. Jacques, R. Plano, P. Stamer, K. Abe, K. Hasegawa, H. Yuta","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693423","url":null,"abstract":"The front-end electronics of the Cerenkov Ring Imaging Detector (CRID) used in the Stanford Large Detector (SLD) spectrometer at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) Linear Collider is described. The Plessey process provides a straightforward and low-cost path toward system miniaturization. System tests show good noise performance, calibration precision, system linearity, and signal shape uniformity over the full dynamic range. >","PeriodicalId":234642,"journal":{"name":"1990 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123337164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Five-channel Programmable Counter","authors":"M. D. Polito","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693382","url":null,"abstract":"A five-channel programmable counter, constructed in a two-wide nuclear instrument module, is described. This counter is versatile in performance and flexible to changes, yet it is implemented with a minimum of hardware through the use of an onboard computer and a very large scale integrated counting circuit. It is able to simultaneously count pulses at rates of up to 7 MHz from five different sources for a period of time specified by the user. It stores data internally and can be used as a stand-alone counter or connected to a computer, modem, or printer through a standard RS-232 serial communication port. >","PeriodicalId":234642,"journal":{"name":"1990 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126610194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Burnham, J. T. Elliott, D. Kaufman, D. Chesler, J. Correia, G. Brownell
{"title":"Single Interaction PET Detectors","authors":"C. Burnham, J. T. Elliott, D. Kaufman, D. Chesler, J. Correia, G. Brownell","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693557","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":234642,"journal":{"name":"1990 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115112065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Visser, P. Dorenbos, C. V. van Eijk, R. Hollander, P. Schotanus
{"title":"Scintillation Properties Of Ce/sup 3+/ Doped BaF/sub 2/ Crystals","authors":"R. Visser, P. Dorenbos, C. V. van Eijk, R. Hollander, P. Schotanus","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693297","url":null,"abstract":"The scintillation properties of cylindrically shaped, 1-in*1-in, and 30-mm*30-mm*4.5-mm BaF/sub 2/ crystals doped with 0.2-, 0.3-, 0.5-, 0.8-, and 1.0-mol.% Ce/sup 3+/ have been studied by means of X-ray and gamma-ray excitation. Optical transmission, X-ray-induced emission, and decay time spectra are presented. The photoelectron (phe) yield/MeV was measured with an XP2020Q photomultiplier tube. The 1-in*1-in, 0.2-mol.% doped crystal has a light yield of 1790 phe/MeV, which is larger than the total light yield (1570 phe/MeV) of a pure BaF/sub 2/ crystal of the same dimensions. The crystal shows two main scintillation decay times of 47+or-5 ns and 260+or-40 ns. For the 1.0-mol.% doped crystal, a light yield of 1210+or-80 phe/MeV and a dominating decay time of 81+or-7 ns were observed. The crystals scintillate at wavelengths larger than 300 nm, and the scintillation light can be detected with glass-windowed photomultiplier tubes. >","PeriodicalId":234642,"journal":{"name":"1990 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115570544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Rosenberger, D. Politte, G. Johns, C. E. Molnar
{"title":"An Efficient Parallel Implementation Of The Em Algorithm For Pet Image Reconstruction Utilizing Transputers","authors":"F. Rosenberger, D. Politte, G. Johns, C. E. Molnar","doi":"10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.1990.693599","url":null,"abstract":"Absnacr - PET image reconstruction using maximumlikelihood estimates obtained via expectation-maximization (EM) has previously been considered infeasible because of exorbitant computation requirements, despite the greatly improved images available compared to reconstruction with filtered backprojection. An efficient parallel EM algorithm implementation, including intemal corrections, is described for PE\" VI and timing measurements on SPARCstation 330 and DECstation 3100 workstations and T800 Transputers are given. A Transputer implementation of the algorithm using 19 INMOS T800 Transputers and a Sun4260 host has reduced the execution time for a 7-slice study, with 200 iterations per slice, to about 30 minutes. Analysis of a proposed configuration using 73 T800 Transputers indicates that a 7slice study could be reconstructed in about 8 minutes. Transmission-packet size and a ring-plus-linear processor interconnection pattem are chosen to minimize communication time. Processor utilization efficiency for the 73-processor system would be about 0.78.","PeriodicalId":234642,"journal":{"name":"1990 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116539231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
