Ultrasound最新文献

{"title":"Tracking the trajectory of cervical length dynamics in uncomplicated dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Ishita Agarwal, Akshatha Prabhu, Vartika Mohan, Anita Kaul","doi":"10.1177/1742271X261443849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1742271X261443849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We hypothesised that distinct patterns of serial cervical length change in dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies are associated with differential risks of preterm birth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Twins Clinic of a tertiary fetal medicine unit. In total, 389 women with uncomplicated dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies underwent four weekly cervical length measurements. Changes in cervical length were classified into Pattern I (stable cervical length), Pattern II (early rapid shortening), Pattern III (late shortening) and Pattern IV (early shortening with a plateau). Association of each pattern with preterm delivery was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pattern I was observed in 37.5% cases, Pattern II in 11.8%, Pattern III in 32.6% and Pattern IV in 18%. The proportion of patients delivering preterm was significantly higher in Pattern II (early rapid shortening), followed by Pattern III (late shortening). The mean period of gestation at delivery was 35.5 weeks in cases of Pattern I (stable cervical length), 30.7 weeks in Pattern II (early rapid shortening), 34.2 weeks in Pattern III (late shortening) and 34.9 weeks in Pattern IV (early shortening with a plateau). Patients in Pattern II (early rapid shortening) had a significantly shorter mean cervical length at both the nuchal scan and between 20-24 weeks, as well as a significantly greater decline in cervical length between these two time points, compared with those in Pattern IV (early shortening with a plateau).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Distinct patterns of cervical length shortening in uncomplicated dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies are linked to varying risks of preterm birth, thus making serial assessment more predictive than single measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":23440,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":"1742271X261443849"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13216106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148139044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of cadavers to simulate transesophageal echocardiography with a mechanical chest compression device: A feasibility study.","authors":"Vivek Shah, Corey Young, Jonathan Warren, Shira Schlesinger, Timothy Jang, Elena Stark, Manpreet Singh","doi":"10.1177/1742271X261445214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1742271X261445214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mechanical chest compression devices and transesophageal echocardiography have become increasingly popular in cardiac arrest management. However, combining these technologies in live patient research is limited due to the rarity of cardiac arrest cases and the specialised nature of both tools. Cadaver models present a potential alternative for study.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the feasibility of using cadavers to assess transesophageal echocardiography image quality during LUCAS (Lund University Cardiopulmonary Assist System)-assisted compressions and to determine whether these models allow identification of the area of maximal compression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective feasibility study using two unembalmed, previously frozen, and exsanguinated cadavers. Standard transesophageal echocardiography views, including the Mid-Esophageal Long-Axis and Mid-Esophageal Four Chamber, were attempted. The primary outcome was assessing image quality with the ACEP (American College of Emergency Physicians) Emergency Ultrasound Reporting Guidelines; the secondary outcome was the ability to identify and measure the area of maximal compression. Inter-rater reliability was calculated using Cohen's Kappa.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 12 transesophageal echocardiography videos were recorded. Mean image quality was rated as 1.8 and 2.1 out of 5, suggesting that structures were minimally recognisable but inadequate for diagnosis. Cohen's Kappa was 0.32, indicating fair inter-rater agreement. Due to poor image quality, the area of maximal compression could not be reliably identified or measured.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Unembalmed cadavers are suboptimal models for evaluating transesophageal echocardiography during mechanical chest compressions. These findings, though negative, provide insight into the limitations of cadaveric simulations for transesophageal echocardiography-guided cardiopulmonary resuscitation research. Alternative models, such as high-fidelity manikins or better optimised cadavers, may be better suited for future investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23440,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":"1742271X261445214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13152992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147869563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoring model based on oral contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the diagnosis of gastric cancer: A preliminary study.","authors":"Wen Tan, Sainan Guan, Weiqiang Chen, Xuelian Shen, Fan Yuan, Erjiao Xu","doi":"10.1177/1742271X261447091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1742271X261447091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study intends to develop a scoring model for using oral contrast-enhanced ultrasound to aid in the imaging diagnosis of gastric cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with a pathological diagnosis of gastric lesions who underwent oral contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination in our hospital from September 2019 to December 2021 were included. The age, gender, and ultrasound image characteristics of the patients were analysed, and a scoring model was established. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the model's discriminative performance, and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to assess its goodness-of-fit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 66 patients were included in this study. Pathological examination confirmed malignant lesions in 9 patients and benign lesions in 57. The variables age, male sex, gastric wall thickness, loss of wall stratification, ulceration, and the presence of blood flow signals were used to establish a scoring model. A score greater than 4.65 was considered indicative of gastric cancer. The model demonstrated discriminative ability, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.92 (95% confidence interval, 0.83-0.97, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated good calibration (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This scoring system using oral contrast-enhanced ultrasound exhibited good diagnostic capability for gastric cancer and thus may be useful for screening. It will still require subsequent investigation of its reliability through prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23440,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":"1742271X261447091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13152987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147869592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial.","authors":"Penelope Moores","doi":"10.1177/1742271X261436858","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1742271X261436858","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23440,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound","volume":"34 2","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13161610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147933958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer reviewing: The basics.","authors":"Colin P Griffin","doi":"10.1177/1742271X261436864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1742271X261436864","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23440,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound","volume":"34 2","pages":"84-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13158465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147933943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value of subcostal liver margin diameter measured by ultrasonography for identifying paediatric hepatomegaly.","authors":"Seyed Majid Raeiszadeh, Anahita Azinfar, Seyed Ali Alamdaran, Amir Behforouz, Masoud Mahdavi Rashed","doi":"10.1177/1742271X261419285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1742271X261419285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Liver size varies with age, sex and body size. Ultrasonography is a widely used modality to evaluate liver size. While craniocaudal diameter diagnoses hepatomegaly, measuring liver diameter below the costal margin in the midclavicular line may offer a simpler alternative. This study evaluated the diagnostic value of subcostal liver margin diameter for identifying hepatomegaly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 42 patients with hepatomegaly and 42 healthy individuals under 18 years underwent liver measurements by ultrasonography at two radiology centres. Liver diameter below the costal margin through the midclavicular was obtained, and the statistical analysis using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was made.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean subcostal diameter in patients with hepatomegaly was 44.05 ± 12.84 mm and was 11.65 ± 7.89 mm in controls. ROC curve analysis demonstrated a cut-off of 20.5 to 22.5 mm for the diagnosis of hepatomegaly. Considering 2 cm as the cut-off was great for diagnosing hepatomegaly in paediatric patients without considering age.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrated liver diameter below the costal margin as an alternative method for identifying hepatomegaly in paediatric patients. This simpler, potentially faster measurement approach may serve as a reliable diagnostic tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":23440,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":"1742271X261419285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147821334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pilot teaching programme: Point-of-care ultrasound teaching is useful and feasible for newly qualified clinicians.","authors":"Afrose Dor, Mark Z Y Tan, Sahena Haque, Evangelos Boultoukas","doi":"10.1177/1742271X261426079","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1742271X261426079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has become widespread across many clinical specialties. However, there remains no standardised curriculum for point-of-care ultrasound training in early postgraduate medical education in the United Kingdom. Structured teaching during foundation training may enhance clinical practice and provide core skills relevant to future training. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and utility of a structured course for newly qualified doctors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 3-session ultrasound curriculum was developed, covering ultrasound physics, machine operation, lung and cardiac imaging, and ultrasound-guided vascular access. Each session included a 30- to 45-minute lecture followed by 75-100 minutes of hands-on practice with facilitators. The course was delivered to FY1s in April-May 2025. Participants completed pre- and post-session questionnaires and multiple-choice assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-six participants attended at least one session. All agreed that early point-of-care ultrasound teaching would benefit clinical practice, including 25% who had little prior interest in POCUS. There was a significant increase in confidence in general point-of-care ultrasound skills (z = 3.11, <i>p</i> = 0.002), lung (z = 3.24, <i>p</i> = 0.001), cardiac (z = 2.71, <i>p</i> = 0.007) and vascular access point-of-care ultrasound (z = 3.13, <i>p</i> = 0.002). Multiple-choice questions test scores also significantly improved across all sessions. Participants did report that one cardiac session was insufficient to gain reasonable confidence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This pilot study supports the feasibility and utility of structured point-of-care ultrasound education for newly qualified doctors. Early point-of-care ultrasound training can provide immediate clinical benefits and support long-term skill development. Integration into the foundation curriculum or local teaching should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":23440,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":"1742271X261426079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13031139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147575314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound findings and their utility in paediatric mesenteric adenitis: A scoping review.","authors":"Rashed Chowdhury, David McCreary, Cameron Hamilton, Sarah Pirwani","doi":"10.1177/1742271X261421990","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1742271X261421990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mesenteric adenitis is a commonly made diagnosis for children presenting to the Paediatric Emergency Department with acute abdominal pain. Ultrasound is recommended as the first-line imaging modality for children with right-sided abdominal pain owing to its safety and diagnostic value. Unlike appendicitis, however, diagnostic criteria for mesenteric adenitis are not clearly defined.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To synthesise the literature on ultrasound findings for paediatric mesenteric adenitis, including diagnostic criteria, sonographic appearances and techniques. By undertaking this review, we aimed to identify gaps in the literature to inform future research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a scoping review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus and the Cochrane Library for studies involving patients 1-18 years who underwent radiology-performed or point-of-care ultrasound for suspected mesenteric adenitis with findings synthesised thematically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen studies were included. Only one evaluated point-of-care-ultrasound. Definitions of mesenteric adenitis were heterogeneous in terms of the number of lymph nodes visible and lymph node size. Associated features such as bowel wall thickening, periportal cuffing and systemic signs were reported inconsistently. Advanced modalities including Doppler, superb microvascular imaging and elastography were explored in a minority of studies, while few provided longitudinal follow-up data. Sample sizes were generally small, designs were retrospective, and interobserver reliability was rarely assessed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ultrasound is widely used for paediatric mesenteric adenitis, but diagnostic criteria lack consensus. Evidence reporting the use of point-of-care ultrasound is minimal. Prospective studies are needed to establish reliable diagnostic criteria and clarify the clinical utility of point-of-care ultrasound in this setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":23440,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":"1742271X261421990"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13002480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147499814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound characteristics of medullary thyroid carcinoma and prognostic significance.","authors":"Li Wang, Yuzhe Wang, Xueqing Wei, Xi Wei","doi":"10.1177/1742271X261418671","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1742271X261418671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the ultrasound characteristics of medullary thyroid carcinoma and their relationship with prognosis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 133 medullary thyroid carcinoma nodules, encompassing their ultrasound findings and relevant clinical data. Based on the ultrasound characteristics, medullary thyroid carcinoma nodules were categorised into a benign feature group or malignant feature group, followed by a comparative assessment of disparities in ultrasound features and prognostic indicators between these two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 133 medullary thyroid carcinoma nodules analysed, there were 92 cases of malignant feature group (69.2%) and 41 cases of benign feature group (30.8%). The ultrasound characteristics of the benign feature group included well-defined borders (65.9%), hypo echogenicity (87.8%), rich blood flow (48.8%) or abundant blood flow (31.7%), and the absence of calcification (51.2%), or the presence of coarse calcification (36.6%). In contrast, the ultrasound characteristics of the malignant feature group revealed indistinct borders in the majority of cases (96.7%), hypoechogenicity in most cases (82.6%) or very low echogenicity in some cases (16.3%), and relatively rich blood flow in a significant number out of 92 patients (78.3%), with coarse calcification present in 66 cases (71.7%). Compared to the benign feature group, the malignant feature group demonstrated significantly higher rates of lymph node metastasis (69.6% vs 12.2%), distant metastasis (28.3% vs 9.8%), and recurrence (41.3% vs 9.8%). Moreover, the malignant feature group exhibited elevated preoperative calcitonin levels and its ultrasound features were found to be atypical in comparison with the benign feature group. A comprehensive understanding of the ultrasound characteristics of the benign feature group holds substantial clinical significance for diagnosing suspicious cases of medullary thyroid carcinoma. Furthermore, the ultrasound features of medullary thyroid carcinoma can serve as prognostic indicators, with the benign feature group having a more favorable prognosis than the malignant feature group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Medullary thyroid carcinoma demonstrates two distinct sonographic patterns. The benign feature group, often exhibiting benign-appearing features, is associated with a significantly more favorable prognosis than the malignant feature group. Recognising the benign feature group pattern is crucial to avoid misdiagnosis, and preoperative ultrasound features serve as valuable prognostic indicators.</p>","PeriodicalId":23440,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":"1742271X261418671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13002468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147499850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scanning the evidence: A pilot study evaluating the accuracy of sonographer reporting in the Republic of Ireland.","authors":"Jacqueline Tyler, Lorelei Waring, Gareth C Bolton, Paul K Miller","doi":"10.1177/1742271X261425842","DOIUrl":"10.1177/1742271X261425842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In the Republic of Ireland (ROI), sonographers undertake ultrasound examinations but are limited to providing provisional reports requiring radiologist verification, except in obstetrics. ROI sonographers are educated to the same postgraduate standard as their independently reporting UK counterparts. This study investigates the comparability of sonographer and radiologist reporting throughout ROI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This clinical audit included sonographers from six ROI hospital groups. Each submitted 400 randomly selected non-obstetric examinations over 6 months. Provisional sonographer reports were reviewed by supporting radiologists and allocated agreement scores based on the Riley 2010 grading system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 6037 examinations were audited of which 99.6% achieved acceptable grades (Grades 1 and 2), 0.35% (21) were Grade 3, and only two requiring upgraded pathology classification. No reports were Grade 4 (unacceptable).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This large, multicentre audit demonstrates the accuracy of sonographer reporting in the ROI with an agreement score of over 99%. Given this evidence and the substantial international literature demonstrating that sonographer reporting is both safe and effective, health authorities, regulatory agencies and imaging departments should consider developing systems to allow sonographers to report independently without routine radiologist oversight. This could release radiologists to undertake other duties, reducing waiting lists in both ultrasound and broader radiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23440,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound","volume":" ","pages":"1742271X261425842"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13002477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147499786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}