Trends in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Heart rate variability and heart rate under general anesthesia in rats of both sexes","authors":"P. Švorc, D. Petrášová","doi":"10.15761/TIM.1000257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/TIM.1000257","url":null,"abstract":"General anesthesia is known to potentiate parasympathetic activity and weaken sympathetic and baroreflex activity [1]. These effects should be avoided as much as possible because it limits a subject's ability to respond to physiological perturbations during surgery [2]. Therefore, the choice of anesthetic is very important and, no less important, is to know to what extent the tone of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is affected under general anesthesia and the potential impact on the cardiovascular system, which is primarily under ANS control.","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76131713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydroxychloroquine as post-exposure prophylaxis for Covid-19: Why simple data analysis can lead to the wrong conclusions from well-designed studies","authors":"Juan M. Luco","doi":"10.15761/tim.1000268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/tim.1000268","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers of the University Minnesota School reported the first prospective randomized placebo-controlled trial (RCT) in evaluating the role of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) as post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) against COVID‐19. The trial's primary result reported by the authors was that, within four days after moderate or high-risk exposure to Covid-19, HCQ did not show benefit over placebo to prevent illnesses compatible with Covid-19 or confirmed infection (P=0.351, Fisher exact test). In this re-analysis, we show why the authors’ oversimplified analysis led to an incorrect conclusion from the data. We re-analyzed the dataset by applying multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), which are noise reduction methods used in large data sets. We used the same primary outcome measures as the authors (incidence of COVID-19-compatible disease by day 14) and the same statistical test that the authors used, such as the two-sided Fisher's exact test and others. The results obtained indicate that the individuals' age is a determining factor in the chemopreventive efficacy exerted by HCQ. Thus, in contradiction to the original authors' conclusions, the full data set's risk analysis shows that HCQ exhibits a chemopreventive effect for the group of subjects of ≤ 50 yrs that does not reach significance (P=0.083). However, not considering the analysis of the moderate-risk exposure group, we confirm that the high-risk exposure group (N=719) demonstrates a significant effect of HCQ in the under 50 age group (p=0.025). We also show, using MCA and the Mantel test, systematic differences between the treatment and placebo groups in their clinical characteristics, specifically asthma, and other-comorbidities which act as confounders that add noise to the data, such that the genuine effect of the drug is not seen in a standard analysis. After correcting these differences, the risk analysis showed that HCQ is also useful as a prophylactic agent for people over 50 years of age. This study, therefore, provides evidence of the necessity for higher-order analytics (such as MCA) in the presence of large data sets that include unknown confounders. In this case, it shows that the published conclusion of the group – that HCQ does not prevent COVID-type infective symptoms – was fundamentally flawed and should be reconsidered.","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85494496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two instruments for evaluating pain and stress experienced by premature infants: the newborn infant parasympathetic evaluation (NIPE) index vs. the premature infant pain profile (PIPP)","authors":"U. J, Campos-Martinez A, F. E, R. A, Garcia-Serrano Jl","doi":"10.15761/tim.1000284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/tim.1000284","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83505707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender differences in airways diseases","authors":"O. Carvalho","doi":"10.15761/tim.1000265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/tim.1000265","url":null,"abstract":"The worldwide clinical data show gender differences in the morbidity and mortality rates of some airway diseases, such as asthma, CF or COPD. For unknown reasons women exhibit a higher risk factor to develop and have worse clinical evolution in some inflammatory lung diseases. Understanding the reasons underlying this gender disparity renewed the researcher’s interest in this multifactorial process in which psychological, genetics and sex hormones play important key roles. This article, review the related scientific data to better understand the mechanisms behind gender disparities in some airway diseases, which could be a useful tool for earlier diagnosis, improving therapeutics interventions and better outcome in some respiratory diseases.","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80894220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting state fMRI and psychiatric assessment after Freemasonry ceremony to get fellowcraft passing degree in a female: Follow up study","authors":"José Luis Mosso Vázquez, Carlos Jesús Castañeda González, Dejanira Mosso Lara, Julián Sánchez Cortázar, R.A. Carrillo Mezo, Oscar René Marrufo Meléndez, Mayra Ortiz Givaundan, Yolanda Tovar Ortega, I. Miller, M. Wiederhold, B. Wiederhold","doi":"10.15761/tim.1000276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/tim.1000276","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84885752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk mapping of the management of a hemodialysis patient with Covid-19 in the hemodialysis department of a Moroccan hospital","authors":"Ahizoune S, B. R, El Hiyani M, Alaoui Am","doi":"10.15761/tim.1000280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/tim.1000280","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91511784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Cultural adaptation, translation, and Moroccan validation of caregiver Oncology Quality of Life (CarGoQoL) questionnaire","authors":"Aitouma Ahlam, M’rabti Hind, Haddou Rahou Bouchra, Razine Rachid, Errihani Hassan","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-42616/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-42616/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Objective\u0000\u0000The aim of this study is to validate the Moroccan version of The Caregivers Oncology Quality of Life (CarGoQol) questionnaire to measure the caregiver’s quality of life of palliative cancer patients in Morocco.\u0000Results\u0000\u0000The psychometric properties of CarGoQoL were generally good. A Cronbachα coefficient of 0.82 was obtained indicating a good internal consistency except for the private life dimension (α = 0.14). A good reliability of the test re-test was also observed, with an item internal consistency of 0.9. Missing data and ceiling effect were low; some ceiling effects were observed for Relationship with healthcare (38.9%); correlations were confirmed between the different dimensions that corresponding to the same domain; significant association was identified for caregiver and patient characteristics.","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83952172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of kinesiology tape application on the volume of interstitial space over the gastrocnemius within healthy mixed-gender participants using ultrasonography","authors":"Alannah Jennifer Guy, K. Papadopoulos","doi":"10.15761/tim.1000224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/tim.1000224","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of kinesiology tape application on the volume of interstitial space over the gastrocnemius within healthy mixed gender participants using diagnostic ultrasound. \u0000 \u0000Materials/methods: A lab-based experiment was conducted involving thirty healthy participants 26.5 ± 8.5 who volunteered to take part in this study with no previous injuries. Participants were randomly allocated to either the kinesiology group, Zinc-oxide or no tape group. Kinesiology tape was applied through the “I Strip” technique. Each application comprised of a 10 cm piece of tape applied at the mid-point of the gastrocnemius, at a 50% stretch (7.5 cm each side). The interstitial space was recorded at this point using the Real Time Diagnostic Biosound Ultrasound machine. The tape was applied for twenty-four hours and the interstitial space was re-measured. Same methodology was repeated for those in the Zinc-oxide and the no tape group. \u0000 \u0000Results: A one-way repeated measures ANOVA test reported a significant difference in the volume of interstitial space between the no tape and KT group and the KT and Zinc oxide group for both initial and 24-hour readings (p=0.002, p≤0.000). Paired t-tests between the initial and after 24-hours readings revealed no significant differences showing that there was no further increase of the interstitial space after 24 hours. \u0000 \u0000Conclusions: The application of the kinesiology tape increases the interstitial space within healthy participants a twenty-four hour application. Further research should take place in relation to the different applied tensions of the tape and the impact this has upon the volume of interstitial space.","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84723722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virulence-associated chromosome locus J, VacJ, an outer membrane lipoprotein elicits protective immunity against Acinetobacter baumannii infection in mice","authors":"Saeideh Masoumkhani, S. D. A. Astaneh, Abolfazl Jahangiri, I. Rasooli","doi":"10.15761/TIM.1000236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/TIM.1000236","url":null,"abstract":"Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic nonmotile bacterium with a DNA G-C content of 39% to 47%. A. baumannii is an important opportunistic nosocomial pathogen that causes pneumonia, bacteremia, urinary tract infections, meningitis, skin, and soft tissue infections. The major concern about A.baumannii is the emergence of resistant strains which necessitates the development of new prevention, control, and treatment methods. Recently the bacterial lipoproteins have attracted the attention of the researchers for the induction of protective immunity against infectious diseases. VacJ is a highly conserved outer membrane lipoprotein that exists in many A. baumannii strains that deserves research on its immunogenicity. The gene encoding mature vacJ of A. baumannii ATCC19606 was cloned and over-expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion protein. The recombinant VacJ (rVacJ) was purified. 20 and 40 µg of the purified ∼ 31 kDa rVacJ were used for immunization of mice along with Freund’s or Alum adjuvants. Antibody titres raised against the recombinant protein were determined by indirect ELISA. Whole A.baumannii cell was detected at 1:200 serum dilution. Bacterial challenges of mice groups with varying doses of A. baumannii were performed in the active, passive, and intranasal forms. The bacterial load in the mice lungs was determined in both control and immunized groups. A high antibody titre was noted as a result of immunization with rVacJ. The rVacJ-Freund’s adjuvant elicited a higher antibody level compared to the rVacJ-Alum adjuvant. The mice groups challenged intraperitoneally with live A. baumannii did not survive while the intranasally challenged group exhibited a significant reduction of 600 fold of the bacterial load in the lungs. The findings are of significant value in the development of novel adjuvanted vaccines and precise routes of administrations in combat against the notorious multidrug-resistant A.bauamnnii .","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84640913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative genomics identifies key genes and miRNAs that may be used as a strategy to control and treatment of COVID-19","authors":"A. Bahrami, Maryam Bakherad","doi":"10.15761/TIM.1000253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/TIM.1000253","url":null,"abstract":"The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is a member of the family Coronaviridae and contains ssRNA genome. The emergency of COVID-19 has caused global threatened and panic health security. In order to detect common regions and genes of the Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 2, we collected the whole genome of all viruses available in databases for this family (55 complete genomes), and made comparative genomic analyses with the collected data. We performed an interactomics approach to identify miRNAs that could be affected in some regions of the whole virus genome. As well as, protein structure modeling was used for modeling of related sequence. Cladogram revealed Bat coronavirus, MERS-related coronavirus, SARS-related coronavirus and SARS coronavirus 2 are closely related. The most important genes involved in the disease were RELA in virus genome and ACE2 receptors and CLEC4M genes in the host genome. RELA gene was suppressed by hsa-miR-516b-3p, hsa-miR-3529-3p and hsa-miR-6749-3p, ACE2 receptor was suppressed by hsa-miR-23b-5p and hsa-miR-769-5p, and finally, hsa-miR-4462 and hsa-miR-5187-5p suppressed CLEC4M gene. Therefore, our results will help to control and treat COVID-19 and revealed new insight into the vaccine design and miRNA therapy. *Correspondence to: A. Bahrami, Department of Animal Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, I.R. Iran, Tel: +98 9199300065; E-mail: a.bahrami@ut.ac.ir","PeriodicalId":23337,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77439826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}