{"title":"Study on Changes in Hardness and Wear Resistance of 3D Printed Ti6Al4V with Heat Treatment Temperature","authors":"Nay Win Khun, Wei Quan Toh, E. Liu","doi":"10.24874/ti.1421.12.22.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.1421.12.22.02","url":null,"abstract":"The hardness and specific wear rate of 3 dimensionally (3D) printed Ti6Al4V specimens were studied with respect to heat treatment temperature (HTT) in a range of 400-800 °C. Increasing the HTT from 400 °C to 500 °C promoted the hardness of the printed specimen while its decreased hardness associated with a further increase in the HTT to 800 °C was observed. Since higher wear resistance was the result of higher hardness, the trend of specific wear rate versus HTT of the printed specimen was opposite to that of its hardness versus HTT. The highest hardness and lowest wear of the printed specimen were therefore found at the HTT of 500 °C.","PeriodicalId":23320,"journal":{"name":"Tribology in Industry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49379526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Review on Modeling and Stability Aspects of Gas Foil Bearing Supported Rotors","authors":"Debanshu S. Khamari, J. Kumar, Suraj K. Behera","doi":"10.24874/ti.1381.09.22.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.1381.09.22.01","url":null,"abstract":"Gas foil bearing rotor (GFBR) systems have received significant interest in the field of rotordynamics and vibration analysis. GFBR systems have a wide range of high-speed turbomachinery applications. Due to the high speed, these machines are susceptible to rigorous vibration and instability. Gas foil bearings instigate large amplitude of vibrations at startup and shut down and severe subsynchronous motions during high-speed operations. Over the years, numerous work has been done in the field of high-speed rotors supported on gas foil bearings. Significant improvement has been observed in the stability and feasibility of the GFBR systems. However, accurate model predictions of gas foil bearing still remain a challenge for its widespread usage in high-speed turbomachinery. A comprehensive review needs to be done to study the previous work and pave the way for future research. The current review is majorly divided into three sections. Firstly, various models used for the performance prediction of gas foil bearings are compiled. After that, major causes of instability that manifest during the experiments and practice with gas foil bearing supported rotors is illustrated. Lastly, the developmental attempts made to inhibit the instability is summarised. This paper presents an overall picture of the current engineering scenario and future prospects of the GFBR systems.","PeriodicalId":23320,"journal":{"name":"Tribology in Industry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44321364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohamed Ahmed Ramadan, Hassan. A. Sabour, Eman El-Shenawy
{"title":"Tribological Properties of 3D Printed Polymers: PCL, ABS, PLA and Co Polyester","authors":"Mohamed Ahmed Ramadan, Hassan. A. Sabour, Eman El-Shenawy","doi":"10.24874/ti.1410.11.22.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.1410.11.22.02","url":null,"abstract":"3D printing is one of the most portentous technologies for the time being. Recently, 3D printing has progressed remarkably and is expected to proceed in numerous applications, such as automotive, medical, wind turbine, and aerospace applications. 3D printing technology opens the door to enhancing and optimizing several applications. Although of such advancement, there is still a lack of the tribological research investigations in this area. This work is devoted to studying the tribological properties of 3D printed polymers (ABS, PLA, Co-polyester, and PCL) for utilization in a wide range of applications, such as medical, automotive, and various tribological applications. The test specimens were printed using fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology. The tribological characteristics of 3D printed specimens were evaluated using a pin-on-disc tester. Vicker's hardness tester was used to determine the specimens' hardness. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with backscattering was used to examine the worn surfaces of samples. Based on the findings of the current investigation, it was discovered that 3D printing technology enhanced the bonding strength and wear resistance of the tested specimens. Furthermore, the 3D-printed polymers (ABS, PLA, Co-polyester, and PCL) produced varying friction coefficient (high and low) values at acceptable wear resistance making them suitable for a wide range of applications. The samples that were printed using PLA and co-polyester had the lowest coefficients of friction (0.3) while the samples that were printed using ABS and PCL had the greatest coefficients of friction (0.4) and (0.39) respectively.","PeriodicalId":23320,"journal":{"name":"Tribology in Industry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45581661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vegetable Oil-Based Pentaerythritol Ester for Industrial Air Compressor Applications: A Tribological Investigation","authors":"P. Chengareddy, S. Arumugam","doi":"10.24874/ti.1376.09.22.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.1376.09.22.12","url":null,"abstract":"Biolubricants are being developed more frequently as a result of environmental issues, which also improve performance and lessen friction and wear. This study seeks to examine the effects of commercial compressor oil-SAE30, and its blend with pentaerythritol ester (PE) derived from vegetable oil on tribological properties. Two sequential transesterification processes were used to create the pentaerythritol ester made from vegetable oil utilizing the ultrasonic irradiation method. Using an air compressor lubricant, load, and sliding speed for each experimental run, a pin-on-disc tribometer is utilized to examine the friction and wear characteristics of the material. According to the experimental findings, PE 75 (75 vol.% - PE and 25 vol.% - SAE30) performs better than PE and SAE30 in terms of minimum coefficient of friction (COF) and specific wear rate (SWR) under high loads and high sliding speeds. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-Ray (EDAX) analyses were used to examine the morphology behavior of the pin surfaces. Due to the coating that covers the specimen's surface, PE 75 compressor oil displays smoother surfaces than other lubricated surfaces.","PeriodicalId":23320,"journal":{"name":"Tribology in Industry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48427478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suzana Petrovic Savic, N. Prodanović, V. Kočović, Tijana Prodanovic, D. Džunić, B. Ristic, G. Devedžić
{"title":"Estimation of the Cartilage Volume Loss Due to Knee Osteoarthritis - Case Study","authors":"Suzana Petrovic Savic, N. Prodanović, V. Kočović, Tijana Prodanovic, D. Džunić, B. Ristic, G. Devedžić","doi":"10.24874/ti.1454.12.22.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.1454.12.22.03","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease of the knee joint caused by the formation of cracks within the collagen fibers of the articular cartilage. Current research is directed towards less invasive procedures for treating this degenerative disease using tissue engineering and 3D bioprinting. Therefore, it is crucial to obtain the exact shape of the damaged tissue, reconstruct the original shape of the tissue, and estimate the volume and area resulting from the wear of the contact surfaces. The study used the tibial plateau of a patient with OA that was removed during total knee arthroplasty, and the data was collected using a 3D scanner. After the reconstruction of the tibial plateau, an assessment of the area and volume of wear on the medial condyle of the tibia was performed, along with a FEM analysis of the real and approximate shape of the cartilage tissue. In this way, it is possible to simulate and create a patient-specific 3D model with a reconstructed wear volume, which can be highly attractive for future treatment strategies for cartilage damage or early stages of OA.","PeriodicalId":23320,"journal":{"name":"Tribology in Industry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47965309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parametric Studies on Performance of Oil-Free Thrust Foil Bearings at Lower Speeds","authors":"S. Supreeth, T. Raju, R.N. Ravikuma, C. Mahesha","doi":"10.24874/ti.1407.11.22.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.1407.11.22.12","url":null,"abstract":"The present work involves an experimental analysis on gas-lubricated foil thrust bearing (FTB) that has major applications in food processing units at lower operating speeds. Parametric studies include testing thrust foil bearings with various foil configurations in terms of foil thickness, foil geometry, and foil material. Novel bearing testing apparatus designed and fabricated for the purpose supported a larger diameter (224 mm) thrust foil bearing, operated at speeds ranging from 10,000 rpm to 18,000 rpm. Performance of air foil thrust bearing (AFTB) concerning static structural stiffness and load bearing capability was determined in optimizing the best foil configuration. A novel dimensionless number was formulated that emphasizes the affecting factors of thrust foil bearing with respect to axial loads.","PeriodicalId":23320,"journal":{"name":"Tribology in Industry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45725509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Charoo, Fozia Akhter, Muhammad Hanief, Wani Khalid Shafi, Mehak Nissar
{"title":"Effect of Saturated Fatty Acids on the Antiwear and Rheological Properties of Olive Oil","authors":"M. Charoo, Fozia Akhter, Muhammad Hanief, Wani Khalid Shafi, Mehak Nissar","doi":"10.24874/ti.1404.11.22.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.1404.11.22.02","url":null,"abstract":"The study determines the effect of saturated fatty acids (coconut oil) on the rheological and tribological properties of olive oil. The olive oil is blended with different proportions of coconut oil (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) and the different properties (flow behaviour and antiwear) are studied on Anton Paars rheometer and Four-ball tester respectively. The study reveals that the blends depict Newtonian behaviour with a decrease in the dynamic viscosity of the olive oil. Also, WSD decreases at a higher proportion of coconut oil in the blends with an improvement of 10.74% at a 50:50 ratio. The blending of two oils for the enhancement of the lubrication properties of biolubricants can prove beneficial in making them a suitable replacement for mineral oils.","PeriodicalId":23320,"journal":{"name":"Tribology in Industry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49368184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Overview of the Mechanical and Tribological Characteristics of Non - Ferrous Metal Matrix Composites for Advanced Engineering Applications","authors":"Amandeep Singh Wadhwa, A. Chauhan","doi":"10.24874/ti.1359.08.22.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.1359.08.22.12","url":null,"abstract":"The ever increasing service requirement of industries like automobile, aerospace, marine, infrastructure and transportation have evolved non-ferrous metal matrix composites with different combinations of ceramic and soft reinforcements which have resulted in the improvement of their tribo-mechanical properties as compared to an unreinforced alloy. Secondary reinforcements provide safe disposal of agro-industrial waste thereby reducing environmental degradation. The scanning electron micrographs reveals fairly uniform dispersal of reinforcement in metal matrix if proper conditions are maintained and porosity levels are found to be in acceptable range. The density, hardness, wear resistance, tensile strength, fatigue strength and impact strength of non-ferrous composites have been found to be either comparable or superior to an unreinforced alloy with minimum weight and cost. The purpose of current study is to explore the nonferrous composites and propose their application area based on material properties. An attempt has been made for indepth review on the effect of controllable process parameters on tribo-mechanical properties of the non-ferrous composites. The study concludes that non- ferrous composites with single or more than one reinforcement have superior tribo-mechanical characteristics making them suitable for design of high performance, low cost and low weight to strength ratio components.","PeriodicalId":23320,"journal":{"name":"Tribology in Industry","volume":"91 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41275213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estimation and Optimization of Worm Drive Efficiency using Taguchi and Symmetric Quasi-D Optimal Methods","authors":"Huu Loc Nguyen, Khoa Nam Nguyen, Minh Man Le","doi":"10.24874/ti.1396.10.22.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.1396.10.22.01","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the Taguchi and symmetric quasi-D optimal methods were applied to comprehensively evaluate the influence of a wide range of factors affecting worm drive efficiency: oil kinematic viscosity v, friction coefficient f, rotational speed n, speed ratio u, output torque T2, module m, and diameter factor q, thereby choosing an appropriate method when studying the efficiency of mechanical drives and also choosing an optimal parameter domain to ensure maximum efficiency when designing, manufacturing, and operating the worm drive. Quadratic regression equations were obtained for the most influential factors, and the results showed a high goodness-of-fit and accuracy. Experimental models were developed to evaluate and compare the effects of the factors on efficiency. Overall, the regression equations can be used to predict the efficiency of worm drives and to select the parameters that improve the efficiency of worm drives or help develop new worm drive products. The worm testing system can be used to test the efficiency of worm drives or develop new worm drive products.","PeriodicalId":23320,"journal":{"name":"Tribology in Industry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48573217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving the Resistance to Wear and Mechanical Characteristics of Cladding Layers on Titanium and its Alloys: A Review","authors":"R. Ranjan, Anil Kumar Das Kumar Das","doi":"10.24874/ti.1416.12.22.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24874/ti.1416.12.22.03","url":null,"abstract":"Because of inadequate hardness, low resistance to wear, and excess friction coefficient of titanium, and its alloys are limited in their applicability. Cladding, a type of surface modification process, is used to create layers on titanium and its alloys that have superior mechanical qualities, wear characteristics, oxidation resistance at high temperatures, and good biocompatibility. Material selection is critical for achieving the increased qualities mentioned above, in addition to various cladding techniques and associated process parameters. A review of the outcomes of various common wear-resistant cladding techniques applied to the titanium alloy surface is the subject of this study. The most important functional claddings in this domain are also presented and investigated in depth. The present issues and future initiatives are also discussed, with an emphasis on identifying knowledge and technological gaps as well as attempting to establish future research possibilities. On this foundation, it is suggested that in the coming years, resistant-to-wear cladding with significant improvements in toughness and hardness should progress on the path of smart manufacturing techniques, optimising and precisely customising microstructural configurations, and developing numerical simulation techniques of cladding.","PeriodicalId":23320,"journal":{"name":"Tribology in Industry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48386713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}