Translational pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Two cases of autosomal dominant familial short stature associated with <i>COL11A2</i> gene variant and the therapeutic response to recombinant human growth hormone.","authors":"Pengli Bao, Lihong Jiang, Geli Liu, Yapu Li, Xin Chen, Meilin Wang","doi":"10.21037/tp-2024-551","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tp-2024-551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Variants in collagen genes can cause diverse growth plate disorders frequently associated with short stature. This study aimed to evaluate clinical phenotypes in two autosomal dominant familial short stature (AD-FSS), along with the responses to recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two AD-FSS children treated with rhGH from two families were included. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed to screen the gene variants that may be related to short stature. The genetic test results were evaluated using the guidelines set by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP). The response of the children to rhGH was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The first case (child 1) was a girl aged 8 years and 7 months with a height of 118.8 cm. Her mother had a height of 145 cm. The child's maternal aunt, grandmother, grandmother's sisters, and great-grandmother were also under 150 cm in height, sharing the characteristic of short limbs. NGS revealed a c.688G>T heterozygous variant in exon 5 of the <i>COL11A2</i> gene for the girl and her mother. The second case (child 2) was a boy aged 4 years and 8 months with a height of 96 cm. A heterozygous variant c.2458G>A in exon 32 of the <i>COL11A2</i> gene was identified in the boy and his father. After 18 and 19 months of rhGH treatment, their heights increased by 15 and 20 cm, respectively, with no adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We presented two AD-FSS cases carrying the c.688G>T variant in exon 5 and the c.2458G>A variant in exon 32 of the <i>COL11A2</i> gene, respectively. The short-term response to rhGH treatment is promising for AD-FSS children.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 4","pages":"618-627"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12079677/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of bronchoalveolar lavage in treating mycoplasma pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia with atelectasis in children.","authors":"Mengting Hu, Xiaodie Shen, Mengyao Li, Jiaying Ding, Yuanyuan Zhang","doi":"10.21037/tp-2024-593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-2024-593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulmonary atelectasis (PA) is a severe complication of pneumonia in children. Despite the growing use of fiberoptic bronchoscopy, the effectiveness of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in treating PA caused by various pathogens remains uncertain. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of BAL in PA associated with different pathogens and to identify factors influencing treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis on 185 children with PA between 2017-2021. Clinical data were collected and compared between different groups using a propensity score-matching analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 185 patients were included in the study, divided into two groups based on whether BAL was performed (BAL group, n=146; non-BAL group, n=39). The patients in the BAL group had a longer fever duration, a higher proportion of neutrophils, elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, and a longer duration of antibiotic use prior to admission (all P<0.05). After applying propensity score matching (PSM), 35 cases were enrolled in each group. We further stratified the patients based on the pathogens identified. Furthermore, we found that patients in the <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> pneumonia (MPP) subgroup had shorter time of C-reactive protein (CRP) recovery and higher incidence of lung recruitment after BAL (all P<0.05), while these results were not observed in the bacterial pneumonia subgroup (P>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BAL could increase the incidence of lung recruitment and shorten the CRP recovery time in MPP patients with PA, but it could not make any improvement in PA patients caused by the bacterium.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 3","pages":"432-441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11982992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the incidence and risk factors of fever-related ureteral stent-associated urinary tract infection in pediatric patients: a retrospective study.","authors":"Chengpin Tao, Yongsheng Cao","doi":"10.21037/tp-2024-538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-2024-538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ureteral stents are commonly used in pediatric urological surgeries but are associated with an increased risk of fever-related ureteral stent-associated urinary tract infection (FUSAUTI). Understanding its incidence and risk factors is essential for improving postoperative care and optimizing management strategies. This study aims to assess the incidence of FUSAUTI in children after urinary tract surgery and explore its associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 355 children who underwent ureteral stent placement at Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital from January 2018 to January 2023. Differences in age, gender, type of surgery, previous urinary tract infections (UTIs) and duration of stent placement between the infection and non-infection groups were recorded and compared. Chi-squared tests and <i>t</i>-tests were used to analyze the related factors of FUSAUTI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 355 children, 32 developed FUSAUTI, resulting in an incidence of 9.01%. Female patients had a higher infection rate than males (34.4% <i>vs.</i> 18.6%, P=0.04). A history of UTI was more common in the infection group (37.5% <i>vs.</i> 20.7%, P=0.03). The infection group had a longer stent duration (52.7±9.6 <i>vs.</i> 48.2±9.7 days, P=0.01). Multivariable analysis identified female gender (OR =2.15, P=0.02), previous UTI (OR =7.31, P=0.004), and longer stent duration (OR =1.05 per day, P=0.01) as independent risk factors. Age, surgery type, and stent laterality were not significant. <i>Escherichia coli</i> and Enterococcus were the main pathogens found in urine and blood cultures, accounting for 40.6% and 31.2% of urine cultures, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>FUSAUTI is a common complication after urinary tract surgery in children, with an incidence of 9.01%. Female gender, previous UTI, and longer stent duration were identified as independent risk factors for FUSAUTI in pediatric patients. Postoperative management should be strengthened for high-risk patients, and monitoring for infections during the stent placement period is essential to reduce the occurrence of FUSAUTI.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 3","pages":"391-399"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11982989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report: neonatal cyanosis secondary to congenital methemoglobinemia, a cause to consider in newborn cyanosis.","authors":"Anabel Carmona-Nunez, Rosa Adan Pedroso, Javier Arzuaga Mendez, Piedad Alba Pavón, María Cruz López Herrera, Andrea Miguélez Velasco, Sara Ansó Olivan, Itziar Astigarraga Aguirre","doi":"10.21037/tp-2024-553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-2024-553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Congenital methemoglobinemia (metHb), a rare cause of neonatal cyanosis, results from the oxidation of ferrous to ferric iron in hemoglobin (Hb). The aim of this case report is to highlight the need to broaden the differential diagnosis of neonatal cyanosis and emphasizes the role of capillary blood gas analysis and genetic testing to exclude hereditary hematological causes. We report a previously unreported genetic mutation associated with congenital metHb.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We report the case of a term male neonate with cyanosis unresponsive to oxygen administration. Complementary studies were normal, including echocardiography, cerebral ultrasound, blood tests, blood culture, cytomegalovirus testing, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) assessment, and Hb electrophoresis, with the exception of a mild left anterior pneumothorax. There was a discrepancy between arterial oxygen pressure (PaO₂) and oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry. Ultimately, co-oximetry revealed a metHb level of 20%, confirming the diagnosis of metHb. Next generation sequencing (NGS) identified a compound heterozygous missense mutation in the cytochrome B5 reductase (<i>CYB5R3</i>) gene: c673C>T (p.Arg225Cys) and c977A>G (p.His326Arg), both considered pathogenic/probably pathogenic. While the first mutation is documented, the second is not previously reported as a cause of congenital metHb. This compound heterozygous genotype in the <i>CYB5R3</i> gene may explain the phenotype observed in this patient with congenital metHb. Erythrocyte enzyme testing confirmed reduced CYB5R3 activity. Family genetic studies confirmed the patient's compound heterozygosity, with one mutation inherited from each parent and genetic counseling was offered. The patient has progressed favorably, achieving appropriate psychomotor development without neurological disorders. There has been a decrease in perioral cyanosis, with metHb levels dropping to 3%. Oxygen saturation reached normal levels (96%) by 2 years of age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MetHb is a rare cause of cyanosis in children. The acquired form is the most common, due to exposure to oxidizing substances that increase metHb production. Congenital forms, however, are more frequent in neonates, and their evolution depends on specific mutations. Genetic testing is crucial for family counseling. Clinicians should suspect metHb in cases of cyanosis and hypoxia without respiratory distress, especially when there is no improvement with oxygen therapy and normal PaO₂, after excluding other more common causes such as respiratory, infectious and cardiological conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 3","pages":"500-506"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11983008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144053040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain metastasis of pleuropulmonary blastoma: case reports.","authors":"Sidou He, Wen Zhao, Chao Duan, Libing Fu, Tong Yu, Ming Ge, Zhikai Liu, Chunying Cui, Xiaoli Ma, Yan Su","doi":"10.21037/tp-24-341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-24-341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare and highly aggressive malignant tumor of the lung or pleura, primarily affecting children and closely associated with <i>DICER1</i> gene mutations. Patients with type II and III PPB are prone to distant metastasis, with the central nervous system (CNS) being the most common site of metastasis, leading to a poor prognosis.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>This article provides a detailed account of the clinical manifestations, diagnostic processes, treatment plans, and follow-up outcomes of three children diagnosed with PPB accompanied by brain metastasis. Through the collaborative diagnosis and treatment by a multidisciplinary team, all three patients are currently in remission. As part of the diagnostic and treatment process, genetic testing was performed on two of the patients, revealing a pathogenic mutation in the <i>DICER1</i> gene in one of them.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the optimal treatment regimen for CNS metastasis in PPB remains unclear, combined treatment approaches offer new possibilities. In particular, brain computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans should be conducted every 3 months following the diagnosis of PPB to facilitate early detection of brain metastasis. Additionally, diagnosing PPB brain metastasis is challenging, and integrating patient history with genetic testing results plays a crucial role in distinguishing between primary intracranial tumors and PPB intracranial metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 3","pages":"480-486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11983002/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"School bullying and mental health among adolescents: a narrative review.","authors":"Zhuo-Ying Han, Zi-Ying Ye, Bao-Liang Zhong","doi":"10.21037/tp-2024-512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-2024-512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>School bullying is a prevalent public health problem that adversely impacts adolescents' mental health. Defined as intentional, repeated, and harmful aggressive behaviors among peers, bullying leads to severe psychological distress, including anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation among victims. This narrative review aims to summarize the recent research progress on the conceptions, prevalence, and factors associated with school bullying and its impact on adolescent mental health. The ultimate goal is to inform the development of interventions for reducing or preventing mental health problems among adolescents from the perspective of school bullying.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Both Chinese- and English-language studies that focused on school bullying and its association with mental health among adolescents were retrieved via online literature search within PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from their inception to October 25, 2024. Findings from the included studies were qualitatively analyzed and summarized.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>A significant percentage of adolescents worldwide experience school bullying. It is characterized by repetition, power imbalance, and intent to harm. Forms of bullying include verbal, physical, relational, sexual, and cyberbullying, with verbal bullying being the most frequently reported. Factors associated with school bullying include individual characteristics, family dynamics, school environment, and societal factors. The negative mental health impact of bullying in adolescents is profound, affecting not only victims but also bullies and bystanders, leading to short-term and long-term consequences such as anxiety, depression, substance abuse, and suicidal behaviors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>School bullying is a complex behavior with multifaceted causes and far-reaching mental health outcomes. While preventive measures have been implemented, the prevalence remains high, indicating a need for more effective interventions. The review underscores the importance of addressing school bullying from multiple angles, including individual, family, school, and societal levels, and calls for further research to examine newer and more effective interventions to mitigate the high risk of school bullying and its detrimental effects on adolescent mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 3","pages":"463-472"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11982999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics of single human rhinovirus infection and co-infection in the respiratory tract of children.","authors":"Yu-Ru Shi, Ke Yuan, Li Yue, Ting Liu, Jia-Xing Liu, Li-Zhong Dai, Ying-Jie Qi","doi":"10.21037/tp-24-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-24-79","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The human rhinovirus (HRV), when combined with other viruses, typically causes respiratory tract infections in children. However, there is a lack of adequate clinical studies on the causative agents and their symptoms in the case of mixed infections involving rhinovirus (RVs). The objective of this study was to determine the viral etiology of respiratory infections and the clinical characteristics of HRV infections in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 438 patients, aged between 0 and 10 years with a respiratory tract infection diagnosis. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used to detect respiratory pathogens. The recorded clinical data of patients were extracted and subsequently analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The positive rate of virus infection was 256/438 (58.45%) and the most frequently identified pathogens were the HRV, adenovirus (ADV), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Notably, HRV co-infection with other pathogens accounted for 84.62% of co-infection cases. The highest co-infection rate was found for HRV with ADV (51.28%), followed by HRV with RSV (23.08%). Compared with HRV single infection, HRV and ADV co-infection was highly associated with the presence of a fever, and HRV co-infection with RSV had a higher rate of cough and pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study identified HRV as a significant pathogen in childhood respiratory infections, often co-infecting with ADV and RSV, and associated with distinct clinical manifestations such as fever and respiratory complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 3","pages":"373-381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11982991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous renal replacement therapy for acute kidney injury: a case report.","authors":"Jianmin Wang, Yiyao Bao, Lijun Guan, Linhua Tan","doi":"10.21037/tp-2024-500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-2024-500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute kidney injury is a severe complication of pediatric trauma with complex and diverse mechanisms and is associated with multiple organ dysfunction. For severely injured children, renal function should be closely monitored, and continuous renal replacement therapy should be promptly initiated if there is a risk of developing severe acute kidney injury. This case report describes the treatment process of a child with acute kidney injury due to trauma, highlighting the need to improve the rapid identification of traumatic acute kidney injury risk and actively implement resuscitation strategies to protect renal function in trauma patients.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 3-year-old boy presented with acute kidney injury following a car accident. Multi-organ dysfunction developed, and laparotomy and liver laceration repair were performed. Continuous renal replacement therapy for 7 days, plasma exchange, antimicrobial therapy, and multi-organ support were provided. A 1-year follow-up showed no organ dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case report describes the treatment process of a child with acute kidney injury due to trauma, highlighting the need to improve the rapid identification of traumatic acute kidney injury risk and actively implement resuscitation strategies to protect renal function in patients with trauma. Prompt continuous renal replacement therapy should be considered when necessary to prevent adverse outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 3","pages":"494-499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11982988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recombinant growth hormone improves growth and adult height: a comparison between treated and untreated patients with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency.","authors":"Qianqian Zhao, Rong Li, Qian Shao, Mei Zhang, Bo Ban","doi":"10.21037/tp-2024-576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-2024-576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) is a standard treatment for idiopathic growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) patients to normalize growth. Prior studies on children mainly focused on short-term growth velocity effects, with limited long-term data on adult height outcomes. This study aims to assess adult height outcomes in patients with and without rhGH treatment, as well as evaluate the efficacy of rhGH treatment in individuals with IGHD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 169 individuals with IGHD who had attained their adult height were recruited. The related clinical and laboratory data, including anthropometric parameters, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels, and the peak growth hormone (GH) levels, were collected. To assess the effectiveness of rhGH treatment, we evaluated the increase in final adult height and height standard deviation score (SDS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final adult height SDS was -0.78 (interquartile range: -1.78 to 0.45) in the rhGH untreated group and -0.45 (interquartile range: -1.13 to 0.05) in the rhGH-treated group. The study results revealed that, in the IGHD population, the final adult height SDS and the increase in height SDS in the rhGH treatment group were significantly greater than those in the untreated group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the results of multiple regression analysis showed a significant increase in adult height SDS in patients treated with rhGH compared to those not treated with rhGH (β=0.41, 95% confidence interval: 0.14, 0.69; P=0.003) in the IGHD population. The baseline height SDS, peak GH, and rhGH treatment significantly affected the final adult height and height SDS gain in the IGHD population.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that rhGH treatment effectively improves the final height SDS and height SDS gain in children with IGHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 3","pages":"442-451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11983003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the association between pulmonary function and air pollution exposure in healthy children in Jinan, Shandong Province: based on a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Xinglu Wu, Fei Wang, Xin Xu, Qian Liang, Yanqing Yang, Yunfeng Tang, Jing Li","doi":"10.21037/tp-24-438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-24-438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have focused on the effects of air pollution on lung function in children with respiratory diseases, and there is insufficient evidence on healthy children. This cross-sectional study therefore aimed to investigate the relationship between air pollutants and lung function in healthy children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected lung function measurements between December 2016 and December 2020 from a total of 780 healthy children aged 7-11 years old in an elementary school in Jinan City. Air pollutant data, including particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm (PM_2.5) and ≤10 µm (PM₁₀), sulphur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), carbon monoxide (CO) and ozone (O₃), were collected from the nearest monitoring stations to the school. Multiple linear regression models were developed to assess the relationship between pollutants and children's lung function indices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increasing pollutant concentrations were associated with decreases in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁), peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory flow at 25% (FEF₂₅) and forced expiratory flow at 75% (FEF₇₅). In addition, this effect had a lag effect and a cumulative lag effect, especially at lag 3 d, with significant decreases in FEV₁ and PEF. Specifically, for every 10 µg/m³ increase in the concentrations of PM_2.5, PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂, and CO, the FEV₁ decreased by 1.05 mL [95% confidence interval (CI): -2.02, -0.08], 1.18 mL (95% CI: -1.94, -0.42), 4.96 mL (95% CI: -8.08, -1.84), 4.94 mL (95% CI: -7.59, -2.28), and 0.11 mL (95% CI: -0.20, -0.01), respectively. For every 10 µg/m³ increase in PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂, and CO, PEF decreased by 3.80 mL (95% CI: -6.51, -1.08), 16.73 mL (95% CI: -27.83, -5.63), 17 mL (95% CI: -26.44, -7.55), and 0.39 mL (95% CI: -0.72, -0.05), respectively. Boys' lung function was more sensitive to pollutants than girls'.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Short-term exposure to air pollutants is harmful to children's health and appropriate protective measures should be taken to minimize the adverse effects of air pollution on children's health.</p>","PeriodicalId":23294,"journal":{"name":"Translational pediatrics","volume":"14 3","pages":"409-421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11983001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}