Valeria Fioravanti, Shailendra Chandrashekar, L. Brandhoff, Daniela Pucciarelli, S. van den Driesche, H. Breiteneder, C. Hafner, M. Vellekoop
{"title":"A biopsymeter to support the diagnostic procedure of skin samples","authors":"Valeria Fioravanti, Shailendra Chandrashekar, L. Brandhoff, Daniela Pucciarelli, S. van den Driesche, H. Breiteneder, C. Hafner, M. Vellekoop","doi":"10.1117/12.2178500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2178500","url":null,"abstract":"We present an infrared biopsymeter to assist pathologists in the diagnosis of melanoma presence in skin biopsies. The designed and realized system combines the features of visual inspection and physical sensing to reduce false positives and false negatives occurring during standard histopathological analyses. The biopsymeter determines the CH2-stretch ratio by infrared absorbance measurements of skin biopsies. Investigations conducted with the biopsymeter shows that malignant melanomas and melanoma metastases have higher CH2-stretch ratio values compared to healthy skin tissues.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116987230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Jahns, P. Glorius, M. Hansen, Y. Nazirizadeh, M. Gerken
{"title":"Imaging label-free biosensor with microfluidic system","authors":"S. Jahns, P. Glorius, M. Hansen, Y. Nazirizadeh, M. Gerken","doi":"10.1117/12.2179366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2179366","url":null,"abstract":"We present a microfluidic system suitable for parallel label-free detection of several biomarkers utilizing a compact imaging measurement system. The microfluidic system contains a filter unit to separate the plasma from human blood and a functionalized, photonic crystal slab sensor chip. The nanostructure of the photonic crystal slab sensor chip is fabricated by nanoimprint lithography of a period grating surface into a photoresist and subsequent deposition of a TiO2 layer. Photonic crystal slabs are slab waveguides supporting quasi-guided modes coupling to far-field radiation, which are sensitive to refractive index changes due to biomarker binding on the functionalized surface. In our imaging read-out system the resulting resonance shift of the quasi-guided mode in the transmission spectrum is converted into an intensity change detectable with a simple camera. By continuously taking photographs of the sensor surface local intensity changes are observed revealing the binding kinetics of the biomarker to its specific target. Data from two distinct measurement fields are used for evaluation. For testing the sensor chip, 1 μM biotin as well as 1 μM recombinant human CD40 ligand were immobilized in spotsvia amin coupling to the sensor surface. Each binding experiment was performed with 250 nM streptavidin and 90 nM CD40 ligand antibody dissolved in phosphate buffered saline. In the next test series, a functionalized sensor chip was bonded onto a 15 mm x 15 mm opening of the 75 mm x 25 mm x 2 mm microfluidic system. We demonstrate the functionality of the microfluidic system for filtering human blood such that only blood plasma was transported to the sensor chip. The results of first binding experiments in buffer with this test chip will be presented.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124677006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-diode laser system for UV exposure of the photoresists","authors":"R. Barbucha, M. Tański, M. Kocik","doi":"10.1117/12.2177568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2177568","url":null,"abstract":"PCB (Printed Circuit Board) industry is a global business for many years. PCB can be found in every electronic devices and since it becomes smaller, lighter and more efficient, new sophisticated machines need to be developed to meet this demands. The main parameter for the manufacturing machines is throughput. In this paper a multi-diode laser system for UV exposure of the photoresist on Printed Circuit Board is presented. The multi-diode laser system presents high throughput at high resolution of the pattern as well as low development costs.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126644084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Danescu, C. Chevalier, R. Artinyan, P. Regreny, G. Grenet, S. Callard, P. Rojo-Romeo, X. Letartre, J. Leclercq
{"title":"Self-assembly 'micro-origami' photon cages as hollow micro-resonators","authors":"A. Danescu, C. Chevalier, R. Artinyan, P. Regreny, G. Grenet, S. Callard, P. Rojo-Romeo, X. Letartre, J. Leclercq","doi":"10.1117/12.2178486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2178486","url":null,"abstract":"Selective etching of pre-stressed multi-layered structures releases intrinsic stresses creating flexible macroscopic shapes (rolls, spirals, tubes…). Combining mechanical and photonic concepts, we develop an experimental approach by controlling material composition, mask design and etching process in order to obtain prescribed macroscopic 3D hollow optical micro-cavities. New photonic microstructures are proposed for an efficient light trapping in low index media. Cylindrical hollow cavities formed by bending a photonic crystal membrane are designed. Using numerical simulations, strong confinement of photons is demonstrated for very open resonators. The resulting strong light matter interaction can be exploited in optical devices comprising an active material embedded in a low index matrix like polymer or even gaz.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114901582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Nasswettrová, P. Drexler, J. Seginak, D. Nespor, M. Friedl, P. Marcon, P. Fiala
{"title":"Noise spectroscopy of nano- and microscopic periodic material structures","authors":"A. Nasswettrová, P. Drexler, J. Seginak, D. Nespor, M. Friedl, P. Marcon, P. Fiala","doi":"10.1117/12.2177798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2177798","url":null,"abstract":"The authors discuss the application of a broadband noise signal in the research of periodic structures and present the basic testing related to the described problem. Generally, noise spectroscopy tests are carried out to verify the behaviour of the response of periodic structures, and the related objective consists in recording the properties of microscopic structures in natural and artificial materials. The aim is to find a metrological method to investigate structures and materials in the frequency range between 100 MHz and 10 GHz; this paper therefore characterizes the design of a suitable measuring technique based on noise spectroscopy and introduces the first tests conducted on a periodic structure. In this context, the applied instrumentation is also shown to complement the underlying theoretical analysis.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126093483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ghaderi, N. P. Ayerden, G. de Graaf, R. Wolffenbuttel
{"title":"Optical characterization of MEMS-based multiple air-dielectric blue-spectrum distributed Bragg reflectors","authors":"M. Ghaderi, N. P. Ayerden, G. de Graaf, R. Wolffenbuttel","doi":"10.1117/12.2178609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2178609","url":null,"abstract":"The optical performance of a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) is typically the determining factor in many optical MEMS devices and is mainly limited by the number of the periods (number of layers) and the refractive index contrast (RIC) of the materials used. The number of suitable available materials is limited and implementing a large number of periods increases the process complexity. Using air as a low-index material improves the RIC by almost 50% as compared with most conventional layer combinations and hence provides a higher optical performance at a given number of layers. This paper presents the design, fabrication, and optical characterization of multiple air-SiO2 Bragg reflectors with two airgap layers designed for the visible spectrum. Alternate polysilicon deposition and silicon-dioxide growth on the wafers followed by the selective etching of polysilicon layers in a TMAH-based solution results in a layer stack according to the optical design. However, unlike the conventional MEMS processes, fabrication of a blue-band airdielectric DBR demands several sacrificial layers in the range of 100 nm. Therefore, a successful release of the membrane after wet-etching is critical to the successful performance of the device. In this study, several DBRs with two periods have been fabricated using a CO2 supercritical drying process. The wide-area reflection measurements showed a peak reflectance of 65% and an FWHM of about 100 nm for a DBR centered at 500 nm. DBRs centered on 400 nm gave a much wider spectral response. This paper presents preliminary optical characterization results and discusses the challenges for a reflector design in the blue-visible range.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125558977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An active reference spring array for in-situ calibration of the normal spring constant of AFM cantilevers","authors":"S. Gao, U. Brand, S. Hahn, K. Hiller","doi":"10.1117/12.2178850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2178850","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the concept of an \"active reference spring array (ARSA)\" for the AFM cantilever normal spring constant calibration is proposed. The ARSA with nominal stiffness varying from 0.4 N/m to 150 N/m will be available on these arrays with the aim to calibrate the normal stiffness of cantilevers ranging from 0.04 N/m to 1500 N/m. The fabrication process of the MEMS ARSA on basis of the Bonding Deep RIE technology developed at Chemnitz University of Technology is reported. A first characterization of the MEMS and the traceable determination of the stiffness of the MEMS suspending system have been realized. First experimental results compare very well with the Finite Element (FE) simulation of the numerical design, and prove the feasibility of the proposed concept.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126778020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. P. Ayerden, M. Ghaderi, G. de Graaf, R. Wolffenbuttel
{"title":"Optical design and characterization of a gas filled MEMS Fabry-Perot filter","authors":"N. P. Ayerden, M. Ghaderi, G. de Graaf, R. Wolffenbuttel","doi":"10.1117/12.2178773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2178773","url":null,"abstract":"A concept for a highly integrated and miniaturized gas sensor based on infrared absorption, a Fabry-Perot type linear variable optical filter with integrated gas cell, is presented. The sample chamber takes up most of the space in a conventional spectrometer and is the only component that has so far not been miniaturized. In this concept the gas cell is combined with the resonator cavity of the filter. The optical design, fabrication, and characterization results on a MEMSbased realization are reported for a 24-25.5 μm long tapered resonator cavity. Multiple reflections from highly reflective mirrors enable this optical cavity to also act as a gas cell with an equivalent optical absorption path length of 8 mm. Wideband operation of the filter is ensured by fabrication of a tapered mirror. In addition to the functional integration and significant size reduction, the filter contains no moving parts, thus enables the fabrication of a robust microspectrometer","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122137163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Donmez, M. Salleras, C. Calaza, J. D. Santos, G. Gadea, Á. Morata, D. Dávila, A. Tarancón, L. Fonseca
{"title":"Interdigitated design of a thermoelectric microgenerator based on silicon nanowire arrays","authors":"I. Donmez, M. Salleras, C. Calaza, J. D. Santos, G. Gadea, Á. Morata, D. Dávila, A. Tarancón, L. Fonseca","doi":"10.1117/12.2178782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2178782","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon nanowires thermoelectric properties are much better than those of silicon bulk. Taking advantage of silicon microfabrication techniques and compatibilizing the device fabrication with the CVD-VLS silicon nanowire growth, we present a thermoelectric microgenerator based on silicon nanowire arrays with interdigitated structures which enhance the power density compared to previous designs presented by the authors. The proposed design features a thermally isolated silicon platform on the silicon device layer of an SOI silicon wafer. This silicon platform has vertical walls exposing <111< planes where gold nanoparticles are deposited by galvanic displacement. These gold nanoparticles act as seeds for the silicon nanowires. The growth takes place in a CVD with silane precursor, and uses the Vapor-Solid-Liquid synthesis. Once the silicon nanowires are grown, they connect the silicon platform with the silicon bulk. The proposed thermoelectric generator is unileg, which means that only one type of semiconductor is used, and the second connection is made through a metal. In addition, to improve the thermal isolation of the silicon platform, multiple trenches of silicon nanowire arrays are used, up to a maximum of nine. After packaging the device with nanowires, we are able to measure the Seebeck voltage and the power obtained with different operation modes: harvesting mode, where the bottom device is heated up, and the silicon platform is cooled down by natural or forced convection, and test mode, where a heater integrated on the silicon platform is used to produce a thermal gradient.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123661554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Wieland, K. Nguyen, U. Seidelmann, M. Scholz, G. Schrag
{"title":"Wafer edge protection kit for MEMS and TSV Si-etching","authors":"R. Wieland, K. Nguyen, U. Seidelmann, M. Scholz, G. Schrag","doi":"10.1117/12.2180135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2180135","url":null,"abstract":"A new process kit for a SPTS Pegasus DRIE Si-Etch tool has been developed and tested for several different process regimes, e.g. bulk-Si cavity etching and TSV (through-Silicon-Via) etching with high aspect ratios <10:1, using the socalled Bosch process. Additionally, Si-etch back (recess etching) with a single step process has been tested as well. The especially developed \"edge protection kit\", consisting of Al2O3 material and optionally of PEEK material, covers the edge of a wafer, preventing it from being etched or even being etched away. However, placing such a part on top of the cathode, results in changes of the electric field distribution and the gas flow behavior compared to the standard process kit supplied by SPTS. The consequences may be altered Si-etch rates combined with changes of the tilt and side wall taper of the etched structures, mainly near the outside regions of the wafer. To this end, extensive investigations on the mask and bulk-Si etch rates, the tilt and taper angle of various MEMS test structures and their respective uniformity over the wafer surface have been performed. Additionally, simulations applying Comsol Multiphysics have been carried out to visualize the potential impact of the new process kit on the electrical field distribution. A simplex-optimization was carried out, varying the platen power and source power, in order to improve the tilt and to maintain the proper taper angle. One major advantage of the new process kit design compared to the original one is the reduction of movable parts to a minimum.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126231276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}