Microtechnologies for the New Millennium最新文献

{"title":"An integrated micromechanical large particle in flow sorter (MILPIS)","authors":"N. M. Fuad, J. Skommer, Timo Friedrich, J. Kaslin, D. Wlodkowic","doi":"10.1117/12.2180691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2180691","url":null,"abstract":"At present, the major hurdle to widespread deployment of zebrafish embryo and larvae in large-scale drug development projects is lack of enabling high-throughput analytical platforms. In order to spearhead drug discovery with the use of zebrafish as a model, platforms need to integrate automated pre-test sorting of organisms (to ensure quality control and standardization) and their in-test positioning (suitable for high-content imaging) with modules for flexible drug delivery. The major obstacle hampering sorting of millimetre sized particles such as zebrafish embryos on chip-based devices is their substantial diameter (above one millimetre), mass (above one milligram), which both lead to rapid gravitational-induced sedimentation and high inertial forces. Manual procedures associated with sorting hundreds of embryos are very monotonous and as such prone to significant analytical errors due to operator’s fatigue. In this work, we present an innovative design of a micromechanical large particle in-flow sorter (MILPIS) capable of analysing, sorting and dispensing living zebrafish embryos for drug discovery applications. The system consisted of a microfluidic network, revolving micromechanical receptacle actuated by robotic servomotor and opto-electronic sensing module. The prototypes were fabricated in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) transparent thermoplastic using infrared laser micromachining. Elements of MILPIS were also fabricated in an optically transparent VisiJet resin using 3D stereolithography (SLA) processes (ProJet 7000HD, 3D Systems). The device operation was based on a rapidly revolving miniaturized mechanical receptacle. The latter function was to hold and position individual fish embryos for (i) interrogation, (ii) sorting decision-making and (iii) physical sorting..The system was designed to separate between fertilized (LIVE) and non-fertilized (DEAD) eggs, based on optical transparency using infrared (IR) emitters and receivers embedded in the system. Digital oscilloscope were used to distinguish the diffraction signals from IR sensors when both LIVE and DEAD embryos were flow through in the chip. Image process analysis were also used as detection module to track DEAD embryos as it flowed in the channel.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120961840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel strategy to monitor microfluidic in-vitro blood-brain barrier models using impedance spectroscopy","authors":"J. Yeste, X. Illa, A. Guimerà, R. Villa","doi":"10.1117/12.2180567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2180567","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we present the use of interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) for performing electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements to monitor a microfluidic blood brain barrier model. In particular, an electrode configuration which would not impair the optical visualization of the cell culture is proposed. Numerical studies have been performed to evaluate the electrical impedance sensitivity of the proposed tetrapolar configuration along the cell barrier in a given microfluidic chamber geometry. The system has been validated using a home-made cyclo olefin polymer (COP) bioreactor and perforated poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) sheets with different pore densities in order to simulate different cell barrier impedances.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"165 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131886708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An analytical model of multi-particle electric double-layer interaction between identical spherical colloid nanoparticles","authors":"Anton V. Alfimov, E. Aryslanova, S. Chivilikhin","doi":"10.1117/12.2179498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2179498","url":null,"abstract":"The present work is devoted to the theoretical study of the colloid nanoparticle interaction. A simple analytical model for the multi-particle interaction between the amphoteric oxide nanoparticles with low surface potential has been developed. The model utilizes the framework of the DLVO (Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, Overbeak) theory and accounts for the surface charge regulation during the multi-particle interaction. The results of this study demonstrate a good qualitative agreement with the experimental data and reveal the presence of the orientation effects during nanoparticle aggregation, which may cause the formation of aggregates with different morphologies.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123600630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid microneedles devices for diagnostic and therapeutic applications: fabrication and preliminary results","authors":"P. Dardano, A. Caliò, J. Politi, V. D. Palma, M. Bevilacqua, I. Rea, M. Casalino, A. Matteo, I. Rendina, L. Stefano","doi":"10.1117/12.2178919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2178919","url":null,"abstract":"Microneedles are newly developed biomedical devices, whose advantages are mainly in the non-invasiveness, discretion and versatility of use both as diagnostics and as therapeutics tool. In fact, they can be used both for drugs delivery in the interstitial fluids and for the analysis of the interstitial fluid. In this work we present the preliminary results for two devices based on micro needles in PolyEthylene (Glycol). The first for the drugs delivery includes a membrane whose optical reflected wavelength is related to the concentration of drug. Here, we present our preliminary result in diffusion of drugs between the membrane and the microneedles. The second device is gold coated and it works as electrode for the electrochemical detection of species in the interstitial fluid. A preliminary result in detection of glucose will be shown.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123576619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum random number generator based on silicon nanocrystals LED","authors":"Z. Bisadi, Alessio Meneghetti, G. Fontana, G. Pucker, P. Bettotti, Lorenzo Pavesi","doi":"10.1117/12.2179027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2179027","url":null,"abstract":"We present a post-processing free quantum random number generator (QRNG) based on silicon nanocrystals (Si-NCs) LEDs as a source of randomness. The relatively simple setup for data extraction, a negligible bias measured from the datasets and applying no post-processing operations to the raw data are the main advantages of this QRNG . The obtained bit sequences pass all the NIST tests and the highest bit-rate achieved is 0.6 Mbps.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115264471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C-IOP/NiO/Ni7S6 composite with the inverse opal lattice as an electrode for supercapacitors","authors":"N. S. Sukhinina, V. Masalov, A. Zhokhov, I. Zverkova, G. Emelchenko","doi":"10.1117/12.2179795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2179795","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we demonstrate the results of studies on the synthesis, the structure and properties of carbon inverted opal (C-IOP) nanostructures, the surface of which is modified by oxide and sulfide of nickel. It is shown that the modification of the matrix C-IOP by nickel compounds led to a decreasing the specific surface area more than three times and was 250 m2/g. The specific capacitance of the capacitor with the C-IOP/NiO/Ni7S6 composite as electrode has increased more than 4 times, from 130 F/g to 600 F/g, as compared with the sample C-IOP without the modification by nickel compounds. The significant contribution of the faradaic reactions in specific capacitance of the capacitor electrodes of the composites is marked.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"460 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122496510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring life: sensors and analytics for precision medicine","authors":"S. Harrer","doi":"10.1117/12.2178956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2178956","url":null,"abstract":"The first industrial revolution focused on machines, the second one was data-centric - a third revolution combining the power of devices and information has just started and transforms our understanding of life itself. Thereby novel sensors and networks from wearable biometric devices to lab-on-a-chip platforms for exploratory fundamental research on single-biomolecule characterization and design occupy a key role. In combination with recent advances in big data analytics for life sciences, healthcare and genomics such sensors are essential tools for moving from fast and cheap personalized DNA-sequencing via smart genomics towards one-off prevention and treatment plans. Replacing state-of-the-art, one-fits-all approaches, this paradigm shifting individual \"assess & response\" scheme commonly referred to as precision medicine merges biomedical engineering, systems biology, systems genomics, and information technology. Integrated sensors for isolating, investigating and eventually manipulating single biomolecules are important experimental tools for developing next-generation DNA-sequencing platforms and for conducting ‘omics research which is a defining part of systems biology. In that context resistive pulse sensing has emerged as a powerful technology at the intersection of biotechnology and nanotechnology allowing electrical, label-free screening of biological compounds such as proteins or DNA with single-molecule, single-nucleotide and even single binding site resolution. Resistive pulse sensing technology has been at the center of recent commercial $100Ms investments in the next-generation DNA-sequencing sector. While next-generation sequencing platforms based on resistive pulse sensing techniques will mature further, the technology is also increasingly used for screening other biomolecules such as for example proteins. This allows for developing novel diagnostics and ultra-high throughput pre-clinical drug screening systems which might help to transform the pharma pipeline similarly to how the $1000-genome has revolutionized DNA-sequencing.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125418336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards AlN optical cladding layers for thermal management in hybrid lasers","authors":"I. Mathews, S. Lei, K. Nolan, G. Levaufre, A. Shen, G. Duan, B. Corbett, R. Enright","doi":"10.1117/12.2178924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2178924","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminium Nitride (AlN) is proposed as a dual function optical cladding and thermal spreading layer for hybrid ridge lasers, replacing current benzocyclobutene (BCB) encapsulation. A high thermal conductivity material placed in intimate contact with the Multi-Quantum Well active region of the laser allows rapid heat removal at source but places a number of constraints on material selection. AlN is considered the most suitable due to its high thermal conductivity when deposited at low deposition temperatures, similar co-efficient of thermal expansion to InP, its suitable refractive index and its dielectric nature. We have previously simulated the possible reduction in the thermal resistance of a hybrid ridge laser by replacing the BCB cladding material with a material of higher thermal conductivity of up to 319 W/mK. Towards this goal, we demonstrate AlN thin-films deposited by reactive DC magnetron sputtering on InP.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116728377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GMR microfluidic biosensor for low concentration detection of Nanomag-D beads","authors":"J. Devkota, G. Kokkinis, M. Jamalieh, M. Phan, H. Srikanth, S. Cardoso, F. Cardoso, I. Giouroudi","doi":"10.1117/12.2179342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2179342","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel microfluidic biosensor for in-vitro detection of biomolecules labeled by magnetic biomarkers (Nanomag-D beads) suspended in a static fluid in combination with giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors. While previous studies were focused mainly on exploring the MR change for biosensing of bacteria labeled with magnetic microparticles, we show that our biosensor can be used for the detection of much smaller pathogens in the range of a few hundred nanometers e.g., viruses labeled with Nanomag-D beads (MNPs). For the measurements we also used a novel method for signal acquisition and demodulation. Expensive function generators, data acquisition devices and lock-in amplifiers are substituted by a generic PC sound card and an algorithm combining the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) of the signal with a peak detection routine. This way, costs are drastically reduced, portability is enabled, detection hands-on time is reduced, and sample throughput can be increased using automation and efficient data evaluation with the appropriate software.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"9518 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129250292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lab-on-a-chip technology for a non-invasive and real-time visualisation of metabolic activities in larval vertebrates","authors":"F. Zhu, Daniel W. Baker, J. Skommer, M. Sewell, D. Wlodkowic","doi":"10.1117/12.2180690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2180690","url":null,"abstract":"Non-invasive and real-time visualisation of metabolic activities in living small organisms such as zebrafish embryo and larvae has not yet been attempted due to profound analytical limitations of existing technologies. Significant progress in the development of physico-optical oxygen sensors using luminescence quenching by molecular oxygen has recently been made. Sensing using such microsensors is, however, still performed in small glass chambers that hold single specimens and thus not amenable for high-throughput data acquisition. In this work, we present a proof-of-concept approach by using microfluidic Lab-on-a-Chip (LOC) technologies combined with sophisticated optoelectronic sensors. The LOC device is capable of immobilising live zebrafish embryos with continuous flow perfusion, while the sensor uses innovative Fluorescence Ratiometric Imaging (FRIM) technology that can kinetically quantify the temporal patterns of aqueous oxygen gradients at a very fine scale based on signals coming from an optical sensor referred to as a sensor foil. By embedding the sensor foil onto the microfluidic living embryo array system, we demonstrated in situ FRIM on developing zebrafish embryos. Future integration of microfluidic chip-based technologies with FRIM technology represents a noteworthy direction to miniaturise and revolutionise research on metabolism and physiology in vivo.","PeriodicalId":232941,"journal":{"name":"Microtechnologies for the New Millennium","volume":"22 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133106682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}