Translational Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"The role of reward-related brain activity in response to treatment and later depression severity: data from a randomized controlled trial in early adolescents with anxiety disorders.","authors":"Cecilia A Westbrook, Michael Schlund, Jennifer S Silk, Erika E Forbes, Neal D Ryan, Ronald E Dahl, Dana L McMakin, Philip C Kendall, Anthony Mannarino, Cecile D Ladouceur","doi":"10.1038/s41398-025-03388-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41398-025-03388-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alterations in reward-related brain activity have been linked to response to psychological treatment in adolescents with anxiety disorders. However, it remains unknown whether these effects are driven by reward anticipation or feedback, which reflect different functional roles in motivated behavior, or whether brain activity changes as a function of treatment response. The current study investigated these questions in the context of a randomized controlled trial of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders in adolescents. This study used an fMRI paradigm to investigate reward-related brain activity in youth aged 9-14 with anxiety disorders (ANX; N = 133; 57 female) before and after 16 weeks of CBT or an active comparison (child-centered therapy, CCT). Age- and sex-matched healthy comparison (HC) youth (N = 38; 17 female) completed scans on a similar timeline. A subset of ANX youth completed a 2-year follow-up assessment of depressive symptoms. At pretreatment, ANX compared to HC youth demonstrated reduced brain activity in reward-related regions (e.g. dorsal striatum, thalamus) during reward anticipation, and elevated activity in angular gyrus, PCC and inferior frontal gyrus during reward feedback. Reduced pretreatment activation in the precuneus/cuneus and pre-to-post reductions in left angular gyrus corresponded with treatment response. Finally, pre-to-post increases in posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) corresponded with increased depressive symptoms at 2 years. Our results suggest that reward-related brain activity outside of striatal reward regions, including PCC, precuneus and angular gyrus, plays a role in treatment response in youth with anxiety disorders. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00774150.</p>","PeriodicalId":23278,"journal":{"name":"Translational Psychiatry","volume":"15 1","pages":"286"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural transmission in the wired brain, new insights into an encoding-decoding-based neuronal communication model.","authors":"Sivan Kinreich","doi":"10.1038/s41398-025-03506-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41398-025-03506-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain activity is known to be rife with oscillatory activity in different frequencies, which are suggested to be associated with intra-brain communication. However, the specific role of frequencies in neuronal information transfer is still an open question. To this end, we utilized EEG resting state recordings from 5 public datasets. Overall, data from 1668 participants, including people with MDD, ADHD, OCD, Parkinson's, Schizophrenia, and healthy controls aged 5-89, were part of the study. We conducted a running window of Spearman correlation between the two frontal hemispheres' Alpha envelopes. The results of this analysis revealed a unique pattern of correlation states alternating between fully synchronized and desynchronized several times per second, likely due to the interference pattern between two signals of slightly different frequencies, also named \"Beating\". Subsequent analysis showed this unique pattern in every pair of ipsilateral/contralateral, across frequencies, either in eyes closed or open, and across all ages, underscoring its inherent significance. Biomarker analysis revealed significantly lower synchronization and higher desynchronization for people older than 50 compared to younger ones and lower ADHD desynchronization compared to age-matched controls. Importantly, we propose a new brain communication model in which frequency modulation creates a binary message encoded and decoded by brain regions for information transfer. We suggest that the binary-like pattern allows the neural information to be coded according to certain physiological and biological rules known to both the sender and recipient. This digital-like scheme has the potential to be exploited in brain-computer interaction and applied technologies such as robotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":23278,"journal":{"name":"Translational Psychiatry","volume":"15 1","pages":"288"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357859/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"iPSC-modelling reveals genetic associations and morphological alterations of oligodendrocytes in schizophrenia.","authors":"Man-Hsin Chang, Jan Benedikt Waldeck, Marius Stephan, Nirmal Kannaiyan, Valéria de Almeida, Emanuel Boudriot, Temmuz Karali, Lukas Röll, Laura Fischer, Damianos Demetriou, Nadia Gabellini, Sabrina Galinski, Andrea Schmitt, Sergi Papiol, Daniel Keeser, Peter Falkai, Moritz J Rossner, Florian J Raabe","doi":"10.1038/s41398-025-03509-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41398-025-03509-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is strong evidence for a genetically driven neuronal contribution in schizophrenia (SCZ). Although imaging and postmortem studies also provide evidence for white matter alterations with implications of the oligodendroglial lineage in SCZ, it is unclear whether these disturbances are a secondary consequence of neuronal deficits or also, at least in parts, genetically driven and cell-autonomous. Using human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) in combination with gene set enrichment analysis, we investigated the cellular impact of SCZ genetics on the oligodendroglial lineage. We performed unsupervised clustering analysis of hiPSC-differentiated neural cells including oligodendrocytes (iOLs) and their precursor cells (iOPCs) with corresponding human postmortem cell types from single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data and conducted a comparative gene set enrichment analysis. Subsequently, we stratified individuals based on white matter alteration using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) within a translational cohort (N = 112) and then explored the cellular effects of SCZ risk with hiPSC modelling in a subset of SCZ patients (N = 8) with disturbed white matter integrity and unaffected healthy controls (N = 7). hiPSC-iOPCs/iOLs expression profiles strongly correlated with human postmortem OPCs/OLs based on scRNAseq, and their transcriptional signatures were highly enriched in the genetic associations of SCZ. The cellular assessment of patient-derived iOPCs/iOLs revealed morphological alterations, including significantly increased branch length and elevated junction number in mature iOLs from SCZ. Moreover, transcriptomic profiling revealed a dysregulation in oligodendroglial cell signaling and proliferation. In sum, hiPSC-modelling shows an impact of SCZ genetics on dedicated features of the oligodendroglial lineage.</p>","PeriodicalId":23278,"journal":{"name":"Translational Psychiatry","volume":"15 1","pages":"287"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between prenatal maternal anxiety, infant brain volumes, and temperament during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Amber-Lee Di Paolo, Emily S Nichols, Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen, Gerald F Giesbrecht, Kathryn Y Manning, Catherine A Lebel, Emma G Duerden","doi":"10.1038/s41398-025-03527-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41398-025-03527-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prenatal maternal stress (PNMS), anxiety, and depression are associated with altered trajectories of infant socio-emotional and brain development, including the amygdala and prefrontal cortex (PFC). During the COVID-19 pandemic, prenatal anxiety and depression was significantly elevated, yet the impact on infant neurodevelopment remains uncertain. The objective of this study was to determine whether PNMS and mental health during the pandemic was associated with infant amygdala and PFC volumes as well as temperament. Participants were enrolled in the Canadian 'Pregnancy during the COVID-19 Pandemic' cohort study. Pregnant individuals had their perceived stress, pandemic-related objective hardship, and mental health measured via questionnaires. Infant magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans (n = 100) were conducted at 3 months of age, and parents reported on infant temperament at 6 months of age. General linear models were used to examine the associations among PNMS, mental health, brain volumes, and developmental outcomes. Prenatal maternal anxiety negatively predicted 3-month left infant amygdala volumes (B = -5.919; p = 0.016; 95% CI, -10.748 to -1.089). Smaller left amygdala volumes were associated with greater infant 6-month negative affectivity (B = -0.003; p = 0.002; 95% CI, -0.006--0.001). This study provides evidence for infant brain alterations related to prenatal maternal anxiety, indicating that the impact of anxiety on infant development during the COVID-19 pandemic may have long-lasting implications for children's health. Our findings suggest that prenatal anxiety may be a key area for screening and intervention during pregnancy to best support healthy infant development.</p>","PeriodicalId":23278,"journal":{"name":"Translational Psychiatry","volume":"15 1","pages":"283"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12356957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipidomic and proteomic insights from extracellular vesicles in the postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex reveal substance use disorder-induced brain changes.","authors":"Chioma M Okeoma, Wasifa Naushad, Bryson C Okeoma, Carlos Gartner, Yulica Santos-Ortega, Calvin Vary, Savio Lima-Bastos, Victor Corasolla Carregari, Martin R Larsen, Alessio Noghero, Consuelo Walss-Bass, Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira","doi":"10.1038/s41398-025-03512-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41398-025-03512-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Substance use disorder (SUD) significantly increases the risk of neurotoxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and impaired neuroplasticity. The activation of inflammatory pathways by substances may lead to reactive astrogliosis and chronic neuroinflammation, potentially mediated by the release of extracellular particles (EPs), such as extracellular condensates (ECs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs). These particles, which reflect the physiological, pathophysiological, and metabolic states of their cells of origin, might carry molecular signatures indicative of SUD. In particular, our study investigated neuroinflammatory signatures in SUD patients by isolating EVs from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) Brodmann's area 9 (BA9) from postmortem subjects. We isolated BA9-derived EVs from postmortem brain tissues of eight individuals (controls: n = 4, SUD: n = 4). The physical properties (concentration, size, zeta potential, morphology) of the EVs were analyzed, and the EVs were subjected to integrative multiomics analysis to profile the lipidomic and proteomic characteristics. We assessed the interactions and bioactivity of EVs by evaluating their uptake by glial cells. We further assessed the effects of EVs on complement mRNA expression in glial cells and on microglial migration. No significant differences in EV concentration, size, zeta potential, or surface markers were observed between the SUD group and the control group. However, lipidomic analysis revealed significant enrichment of glycerophosphoinositol bisphosphate (PIP2) in SUD-derived EVs. Proteomic analysis revealed the downregulation of SERPINB12, ACYP2, CAMK1D, DSC1, and FLNB and the upregulation of C4A, C3, and ALB in SUD-derived EVs. Gene Ontology (GO) and protein‒protein interactome analyses revealed functions associated with the identified proteins, such as cell motility, focal adhesion, and acute phase response signaling. Both control and SUD-derived EVs increased C3 and C4 mRNA expression in microglia, but only SUD-derived EVs upregulated these genes in astrocytes. SUD-EVs also significantly enhanced microglial migration in a wound healing assay. This study successfully isolated EVs from postmortem brains and used a multiomics approach to identify EV-associated lipids and proteins in SUD. Elevated C3 and C4 in SUD-derived EVs and the distinct effects of EVs on glial cells suggest a crucial role for these cells in acute phase response signaling and neuroinflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23278,"journal":{"name":"Translational Psychiatry","volume":"15 1","pages":"284"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12356847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microglia-mediated inflammation and synaptic pruning contribute to sleep deprivation-induced mania in a sex-specific manner.","authors":"Rong-Jun Ni, Wei-Jun Yuan, Yi-Yan Wang, Xiao Yang, Jin-Xue Wei, Lian-Sheng Zhao, Qiang Wang, Xiang-Dong Tang, Xiao-Hong Ma","doi":"10.1038/s41398-025-03525-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41398-025-03525-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep loss is a key trigger for a manic episode of bipolar disorder (BD), but the underlying microglial and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Sleep loss induces microglial and inflammatory responses. Microglia, resident macrophages in the central nervous system, regulate synaptic pruning by engulfing dendritic spines. Here, we introduce a modified paradoxical sleep deprivation (SD) paradigm as a BD mouse model. After intermittent 16-h daily SD for 4 days, the mice showed mania-like behavior, reduced cytokine/chemokine production, mitochondrial damage, microglial loss, decreased synaptic engulfment by microglia, and synaptic gain. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) revealed cell-type-specific inflammation- and synapse-related gene expression profiles in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus of SD-treated male mice. Interestingly, much more differentially expressed genes were observed in SD-treated female versus male mouse brain, especially in the PFC. Pharmacological depletion of microglia by colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor PLX3397 blocked SD-induced inflammation-related and senescence-associated abnormalities in a sex-specific manner. Microglial elimination reversed SD-induced synapse gain and mania-like behavior in males but not in females. However, microglial inhibition by minocycline had no effect on SD-induced behaviors in a sex-independent manner. These findings demonstrate that microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and synaptic pruning contribute to SD-induced mania-like behavior in a mouse model of BD in a sex-specific manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":23278,"journal":{"name":"Translational Psychiatry","volume":"15 1","pages":"285"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12356969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent cannabis use affects the association between baseline immune markers and long-term outcomes in psychosis.","authors":"Isabel Kreis, Kristin Fjelnseth Wold, Gina Åsbø, Camilla Bärthel Flaaten, Magnus Johan Engen, Siv Hege Lyngstad, Line Hustad Widing, Mashhood Ahmed Sheikh, Maren Caroline Frogner Werner, Eivind Bakken, Thor Ueland, Nils Eiel Steen, Ingrid Melle","doi":"10.1038/s41398-025-03498-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41398-025-03498-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aberrant levels of blood markers reflecting inflammation and immune system activation have been implicated in psychotic disorders and linked to psychotic symptom severity. However, their predictive value for the long-term course of psychotic symptoms as well as the potential confounding and moderating role of cannabis use remain underexplored. We tested if baseline levels of immune markers previously linked to psychotic symptoms or treatment response (CRP, IL-1RA, sIL-2R, sTNFR1, sgp130) predicted 10-year outcomes in a first-episode psychosis sample (N = 320), and whether associations were moderated by baseline cannabis use. We assessed psychiatric (re)admissions and number of psychotic episodes during each year of the follow-up period, as well as change in positive psychotic symptom severity from baseline. Apart from sTNFR1, none of the immune markers significantly predicted psychosis outcomes independently of cannabis use. Baseline sTNFR1 was linked to lower risk of both (re)admissions and psychotic episodes, with an increasingly negative association over time. The statistical effects of CRP, IL-1RA, and sgp130 were all dependent on cannabis use. Specifically, negative (CRP, IL-1RA) or positive associations (sgp130) with psychiatric (re)admission risk or psychotic episode risk were observed in cannabis users only. Similarly, sgp130 was negatively associated with symptom change in cannabis users only. Some of these associations varied by follow-up year of the measured outcome (sgp130, IL-1RA). These findings challenge the prognostic and etiological significance of baseline immune markers for the course of positive psychotic symptoms and emphasize the importance of accounting for cannabis use.</p>","PeriodicalId":23278,"journal":{"name":"Translational Psychiatry","volume":"15 1","pages":"282"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12354687/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional connectivity profiles of amygdala subregions in posttraumatic stress disorder.","authors":"Elizabeth M Haris, Richard A Bryant, Kim L Felmingham, Leanne M Williams, Mayuresh S Korgaonkar","doi":"10.1038/s41398-025-03508-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41398-025-03508-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The amygdala is crucial to understanding posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), yet knowledge of the connectivity of its substructures and their contribution to the functional heterogeneity characteristic of the disorder remains limited. This study sought to delineate the functional profiles of amygdala substructures to advance a more nuanced understanding of their contribution to the neural circuitry underlying PTSD in a large sample. Task-derived intrinsic functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data for 64 non-trauma-exposed controls (NEC) and 65 individuals with PTSD were analyzed. Amygdala subnuclei were segmented using FreeSurfer and combined into three major substructures for each hemisphere: the basolateral (BLA), centromedial (CMA), and superficial (SFA) nuclei. Seed-to-voxel functional connectivity analyses for the whole brain were performed to investigate group differences in subnuclei connectivity profiles. A significant group by subnuclei interaction was found for four clusters, driven by group differences in connectivity related to the BLA. There was lower connectivity in the PTSD group for the left BLA and precuneus, posterior cingulate, right superior parietal lobe, right postcentral gyrus, and bilateral precentral gyri. Higher connectivity was found in the PTSD group for the left BLA and brainstem, and for the right BLA and cerebellum, and brainstem and right pallidum. No group differences were found for the CMA or SFA. These results illustrate the importance of the BLA in driving task-derived intrinsic functional connectivity between NEC and PTSD groups. Findings suggest that group differences lie in lower connectivity with cortical areas involved in self-referential and sensorimotor processing, but higher connectivity with subcortical areas involved in arousal, salience, sensory, and reward processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":23278,"journal":{"name":"Translational Psychiatry","volume":"15 1","pages":"280"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentiating biomarker features and familial characteristics of B-SNIP psychosis Biotypes.","authors":"David A Parker, Rebekah L Trotti, Jennifer E McDowell, Sarah K Keedy, Matcheri S Keshavan, Godfrey D Pearlson, Elliot S Gershon, Elena I Ivleva, Ling-Yu Huang, Kodiak Sauer, S Kristian Hill, John A Sweeney, Carol A Tamminga, Brett A Clementz","doi":"10.1038/s41398-025-03501-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41398-025-03501-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Idiopathic psychosis shows considerable biological heterogeneity across cases. The Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network for Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP) used psychosis-relevant biomarkers to identify psychosis Biotypes, which will aid etiological and targeted treatment investigations. Here, our previous approach (Clementz et al. 2022) is updated, which supports the development of an efficient psychosis Biotype diagnostic procedure called ADEPT. Psychosis probands (n = 1907), their first-degree biological relatives (n = 705), and healthy participants (n = 895) completed a biomarker battery composed of cognitive performance, saccades, and auditory EEG/ERP measurements. EEG and ERP quantifications were modified from previous Biotypes iterations. Multivariate integration using multiple approaches reduced biomarker outcomes to 11 \"bio-factors.\" Twenty-four different approaches indicated bio-factor data among probands were best described by three subgroups. Numerical taxonomy with k-means clustering yielded psychosis Biotypes; Rand Indices evaluated individual-case consistency of Biotype assignments. Psychosis subgroups, their non-psychotic first-degree relatives, and healthy individuals were compared across bio-factors. The three psychosis Biotypes differed significantly on all 11 bio-factors, especially prominent for general cognition, antisaccades, ERP magnitude, and intrinsic neural activity. Rand Indices showed excellent individual-case consistency of Biotype membership when samples included more than 1000 subjects. Canonical discriminant analysis described composite bio-factors that simplified group comparisons: \"Pattern-2\" (high antisaccade errors, low BACS, high ongoing EEG) captured Biotype-2, \"Pattern-1\" (low ERP amplitudes, low intrinsic EEG) captured Biotype-1, and \"Pattern-3\" (low frontal P3 complex, accentuated S2 ERP, faster saccadic reaction times) captured Biotype-3. First-degree relatives had patterns like their proband for general cognition, antisaccades, ERP magnitudes, and intrinsic brain activity. These outcomes refine and extend operations for characterizing biologically distinct psychosis Biotypes. They also show that over 1000 observations are useful for achieving consistent individual-case diagnostic assignments. First-degree relative data implicate specific bio-factors as familial within idiopathic psychosis which may inform genetic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23278,"journal":{"name":"Translational Psychiatry","volume":"15 1","pages":"281"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12354876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional crosstalk between the gut microbiota and cellular compartments of brain: Implications for neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.","authors":"Seyedeh Marziyeh Jabbari Shiadeh, Wing Ki Chan, Sofia Rasmusson, Noor Hassan, Sâmia Joca, Lars Westberg, Anders Elfvin, Carina Mallard, Maryam Ardalan","doi":"10.1038/s41398-025-03504-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41398-025-03504-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut-brain axis serves as a crucial communication pathway, with microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) playing a central role in regulating neuroinflammation and maintaining neuronal health. The gut microbiota's impact on neurodevelopment is highlighted, particularly its relevance to autism, anxiety, and other psychiatric conditions. In this review, we explored the intricate relationship between the gut microbiota (GM) and the central nervous system (CNS), emphasizing the bidirectional communication that forms the gut-brain axis. Associations between specific gut microbiota and neurodegenerative diseases are explored, focusing on the role of certain bacteria in processes such as amyloid aggregation and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). The potential for therapeutic modulation of the gut microbiota is discussed, with a focus on dietary interventions and probiotics as strategies to improve outcomes in neurodegenerative diseases by restoring gut health. We concluded by emphasizing the significance of understanding the gut-brain connection and calls for further research to investigate therapeutic approaches targeting the gut microbiome for brain health.</p>","PeriodicalId":23278,"journal":{"name":"Translational Psychiatry","volume":"15 1","pages":"278"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12343879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144837902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}