International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Assessment Genetic Variability among Three Parents and Six Progenies of Tomato using Multivariate Analysis","authors":"O. Osekita","doi":"10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i10.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i10.005","url":null,"abstract":"Six tomato hybrids developed through diallel mating design and the three parents were obtained from the plant breeding section of Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba-Akoko and used to assess the genetic variability among them. The breeding materials were raised in the nursery for three weeks before transplanting. The hybrids and parents were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated three times Seedlings were transplanted at a spacing of 60 x 30 cm between and within row. Variability estimates were highly significant (p< 5%) in all the 10 measured quantitative traits. The average fruit mean yield of 21.42 g was recorded for all the materials evaluated. Phenotypic variances were higher in magnitude than its corresponding genotypic variances apart from pericarp thickness which had the same value of 0.002 and 100% heritability. Factor scores and communality of the 10 traits of tomato obtained from the factor analysis showed that the first factor were positively loaded with eigen vectors for number of branches (0.818), number of fruits per cluster (0.803), plant height (0.776), fruit yield (0.748) and number of clusters per plant (0.731). The second factor was positively loaded with pericarp thickness (0.723) and number of clusters per plant (0.460). Factor three was only positively loaded with fruit weight (0.881). The communality ranged from 0.618 for fruit yield to 0.930 for fruit weight. Conclusively, traits such as fruit yield, pericarp thickness, fruit weight, number of locules per fruit, days to flowering and days to first fruit set are important traits that should be considered in further breeding programme in tomato.","PeriodicalId":232568,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132984637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advances for Short Duration and High Yielding Rice Genotypes","authors":"M. Mohamud, A. Hoque, Abdiaziz Hussein Hassan, M. Hossain, Serajam Monira, Mohamed Ibrahim Muse","doi":"10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i10.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i10.004","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of the study was to find genotypes of 18 different rice varieties that would yield a lot of rice in a short amount of time. With this in mind, the study genotypes' field performance as well as the relationships between various morpho-physiological and yield-contributing traits among the genotypes was assessed. The experiments were conducted from July to December 2018 at the Agronomy Field, Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajshahi University. In genotype BRRI dhan 51, the maximum number of days to 50% flowering was discovered. The genotype BRRI dhan 56 had the lowest number of days required for 50% flowering. Genotypes showed a wide range of days to maturity (92.00–109.00), with an average of 98.96 days. The genotypes DRR 46, BINA 7, and DRR 44 are followed by the genotypes BRR1 dhan 66, BRR1 dhan 56, and BRR1 dhan 57, which have shorter maturity periods (i.e., 92.00 days), indicating earliness. The traits investigated in this study showed high heritabilities, with estimates ranging from 67.00 to 96.00 percent. Days to flowering and unfilled grain panicle-1 had the highest heritability among the traits (96.00%).The presence of high heritability values suggests that the expression of the traits under study is less influenced by the external environment. The unfilled grain panicle-1 had the highest genetic advance as a percentage of the mean (144.80%), while panicle length had the lowest genetic advance (10.48%) among the traits that affected yield.","PeriodicalId":232568,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115552504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive Effects of Cd and NaCl on Growth and Mineral Nutrition in Hordeum vulgare L. (Var. Raihane)","authors":"Imen Ayachi, A. Ben Zineb, Rim Ghabriche, M. Hanana, C. Abdelly, Tahar Ghnaya","doi":"10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i10.001","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we investigated the combined effect of salt and cadmium on plant nutrition and Cd accumulation in the most cultivated barley variety in Tunisia, Raihane. Seedling were hydroponically subjected to four different treatment: the control without salt and Cd, 50mM NaCl alone, 10µM Cd alone and to the combination of Cd (10 µM) and NaCl (50 mM) during 1 month. At the harvest, plant growth, Cd content in shoots and roots and tissue nutrient concentrations in shoots(Ca, Fe, Mn and Zn) were measured. 50 mM NaCl alone does not significantly affected the morphology and the biomass of plants. However, when subjected to 10 µM Cd alone, plants of barley were less developed and produced low biomass as compared to control ones. NaCl addition to the Cd-treated plants further reduces the development and biomass production. With respect to nutrient acquisition results showed that NCl alone reduced Ca2+ and Fe2+ concentration in the shoots but not affected that of Zn and Mn. But Cd, applied alone or combined with NaCl disturbed all measured element concentration in the shoots. However, the addition of salt to the Cd-containing medium reduced significantly Cd accumulation in the roots and the shoots of plants. In conclusion, salt in the water irrigation is able to reduce Cd accumulation in this barley variety but it accentuated in the same time the toxic effect of this heavy metal in barley.","PeriodicalId":232568,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"41 13","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113957914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Study of Genetic Divergence in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Genotypes with Grain Yield and Different Morpho-Physiological Traits using Mahalanobis’ D2 Analysis","authors":"M. A. Mohamud, A. Hoque, Abdiaziz Hussein Hassan, M. Hossain, Serajam Monira, Mohamed Ibrahim Muse","doi":"10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i10.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i10.003","url":null,"abstract":"The current study attempted to study genetic divergence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes with grain yield and different morpho-physiological traits among 18 rice varieties using Mahalanobis' D2 analysis. Keeping this in mind, the performance of the studied genotypes, as well as the association between various morpho-physiological and yield contributing traits among the genotypes, were evaluated in the field. The experiments were conducted from July to December 2018 at the Agronomy Field, Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajshahi University. In terms of grain yield and other morpho-physiological traits, the genotypes differed significantly. The genotypes were classified into five clusters using Mahalonobis' D2 statistics and Tocher's method (Table 3). Cluster IV was the smallest of the clusters. Cluster l is the largest, with six genotypes. Clusters II and lV each contained three and two genotypes. The pattern of genotype distribution among various clusters reflected the significant genetic variability present in the genotypes, which may be due to adaptation of these genotypes to specific environmental conditions. Genotypes from different clusters are expected (inter-cluster). The intra (bold) and inter-cluster distances from D2 analysis (Table 4). Cluster I has the greatest intra cluster distance (0.956), while Cluster IV has the smallest (0.3583). The greatest inter-cluster distance is observed between cluster IV and (8.190), while the smallest inter-cluster distance is observed between cluster II and IV (2.924). In both vectors, the average inter-cluster distances were greater than the average intra-cluster distances, indicating the presence of greater genetic diversity among genotypes from different clusters than those from the same cluster. These findings indicated that these five traits contributed the most to the divergence among the eighteen rice genotypes. The results revealed that the clusters were remarkably distinct for the majority of the traits, indicating proper clustering. The most effective tiller, grain panicle, effective grain panicle, and days to maturity were found in Cluster V. The intra-cluster mean for grain yield was the lowest in this cluster. Cluster III had the lowest grain yield per acre. This was the cluster with the lowest initial grain yield. The intra-cluster mean for effective tiller and days to maturity was highest in this cluster. Cluster II had the smallest grain yield and the second smallest thousand grain weight. Cluster V had the shortest panicle length intra-cluster.","PeriodicalId":232568,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130763300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Climate Change on Crop-Pathogen Interaction: A Review","authors":"S. Sreenivas","doi":"10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i09.001","url":null,"abstract":"Crop response to climatic variation is critical criterion not only in yield and productivity but also, its interaction with pathogens. Disease triangle happens under a favourable weather, virulent pathogen and a susceptible host. Climate change influences both host plant and pathogens leading to altered interaction and disease cycle. Carbon dioxide is a major contributor in the green house gas phenomenon. The consequent influence of GHG effect on temperature due to warming and erratic seasonal weather has an impact on both plant and pathogen development. Physiological changes in plants impact pathogenicity and disease development. Altered crop physiology under climate change is more susceptible to biotic stress. Hence, it is essential to understand impact of climate change on host plants to know the disease dynamics.","PeriodicalId":232568,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128105031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC WATER PUMPING SYSTEM AND IMPROVING ITS EFFICIENCY FOR DEVELOPING AN ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE","authors":"R. Vasanthi, K. Ramaswamy, C. Raj, R. Vennila, T. Vinothkumar, S. Pandian, V. Nithish, S. Ashik","doi":"10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i08.001","url":null,"abstract":"An electricity demand in India is now at an all-time high. Agriculture accounts for 21.5 percent of total electricity use; according to sectoral demand patterns. Technology is becoming increasingly popular. PV cells are utilized to power electrical equipment because of their high energy output. Solar energy is a clean and inexpensive energy source. Solar powered water pumping is an important technology for conserving vital resources such as water and electricity. This experiment is to calculate the efficiency of solar pump and panel. It is evaluated by calculating the input and output energy of the pump and panel. By comparing the efficiencies of pump and panel we can be able to estimate the amount of loss of energy. For conserving the energy, we can also install battery and charge controller for the use of pump in dark without solar energy. It conserves energy even while the pump is working. At the time of 2-3pm the efficiency of solar panel is about 55-60% and for the pump is 50-55%. By installing the storage device, we can save 2-5% of the energy wastage. This proves to be a better implementation for conserving the energy and the use of pump at any time.","PeriodicalId":232568,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130991928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Construction and Demolition Waste and its Applications Based on Recent Studies","authors":"Itika Dadhich, Kartik Panwar, Yagya Sharma, M. Dave","doi":"10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i07.001","url":null,"abstract":"Construction and Demolition Waste C & D waste is becoming a havoc each coming day. According to government agencies like Building Material Promotion Council (BMPTC) and Centre for Fly Ash Research and Management (C-FARM) estimated 165 million tonnes from construction. Out of municipal solid waste approximately 15% to 20% of solid waste comes from construction and demolition projects. Centre of Science and Environment (CSE) says in their latest release analysis of the C&D waste management sector, titled Another Brick off the Wall, India manages to recover and recycle only about 1% of its construction and demolition (C&D) waste), as the official recycling capacity is a mere 6,500 tons per day (TPD)- just about 1%. In this paper, we will analyze the C & D waste management to maintain the sustainable approach.","PeriodicalId":232568,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125260287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FABRICATION OF PADDY TRANSPLANTER MACHINE","authors":"Suman Pandipati, D. Varma, T. Saiprazwal, T. Avinash, K. Anil, Roopsandeep Bammidi","doi":"10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i07.002","url":null,"abstract":"India is an agrarian country. About 58% of Indians are dependent on agriculture for their livelihood. At least 12 crore families in India are dependent on agriculture. India is world's second largest producers of rice, accounting for 20% of all world rice production. Rice is usually grown by planting paddy in the fields manually. A major population of India is engaged in agriculture. Rice being the major crop cultivated in India, a huge amount of workforce is engaged in rice production. The common practice of rice cultivation is manual transplanting of seedlings in the puddled soil. Rice is primary and major crop cultivated in India. As the large workforce is engaged in this sector, Traditional method is costly, time consuming and labor intensive work. To make the transplanted system several attempt has been made to design and fabricate this machine. So our main of our project is to design and fabricate a paddy transplanted by using this machine we use decrease the labor cost and increased the productivity. So this machine works on a simple mechanism which is easy to maintain and it is eco-friendly. And no skilled labors are required, only single person is required to operate the machine. In this work, the difficulties while planting the seedlings in the field by the farmers are eliminated.","PeriodicalId":232568,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"91 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120904068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weeding of Printed Books at Rev B.M Pugh Library of Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat","authors":"Elwin Zohminglien Thangjom","doi":"10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i07.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i07.003","url":null,"abstract":"Weeding is a process of removing obsolete collection of books from the stacks of library. The paper emphasizes on weeding of printed books at Rev BM Pugh library. The books which were not being issued and outmoded were weeded out to maintain the space in the stacks for new arrivals. The paper also discusses the procedure and policy adopted in weeding out of superseded books. The superseded editions, unissued and torn out books were identified through the copies available on the stacks and Koha LMS. Subsequently, the weeded-out books were freely distributed to public by organizing a Book Day. The freely distributed books were recorded in the Accession Register. The weeding procedure makes the collection active and creates space for new arrivals.","PeriodicalId":232568,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116903704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification and Applied Use of Self-Incompatibility in Outcrossing Grass Species","authors":"Kamalpreet Kaur, Diksha Thakur, D. Pal","doi":"10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47856/ijaast.2022.v09i06.003","url":null,"abstract":"Self-incompatibility (SI) prevent self-fertilization in a few species of Poaceae, many of which are economically important foods, bioenergy energy and grasses. Your incompatibility ensures pollen diversity and genetic diversity but limits the ability to modify useful genetic diversity. In many domesticated plants it is possible to develop highly efficient homozygous parent lines, which facilitates the formation of more efficient F1 hybrids, a condition known as heterosis. The inability to fully exploit heterosis in transit grasses contributes to lower levels of development in breeding systems compared to breeding plants. However, SI can be overcome by eating grass to build harmonious communities. This generates interest in understanding the basics of self-adaptation (SC), its importance in reproductive techniques and its exploitation for plant development, especially in the context of F1 hybrid breeding.","PeriodicalId":232568,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advances in Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126904856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}