Translational cancer research最新文献

{"title":"Feasibility and patient reported tolerance of cryotherapy with Cooral mouth cooling device in patients undergoing radiation therapy (CooRay): a pilot study.","authors":"Andrei Bunea, Tiberiu Damian, Hatice Bunea, Tobias Finazzi, Tristan Bauer, Jens Lustenberger, Shirin Davarpanah Jazi, Alexandros Papachristofilou","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-1313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tcr-24-1313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) is a major side-effect of (chemo)radiation (CRT) of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). This study tries to establish a novel cryotherapy (CyT) method using a mouth care device (MCD; Cooral^®, BrainCool AB, Lund, Sweden) to prevent RIOM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients were non-randomly assigned to use the MCD after every radiotherapy session for 30-60 minutes. Subjects were asked to answer daily questionnaires assessing tolerability of the intervention. Mucositis was assessed at baseline, once weekly and at weeks 1/3/6 after CRT. The primary endpoint was patient tolerance, defined by the time the MCD was used and the patients' perception. Secondary outcomes were the degree (CTCAE v5.0) and duration of RIOM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten patients were eligible with a mean age of 62 years. Four patients received concurrent platinum-based CRT, whereas the others received radiotherapy alone. Overall, 214 CyT sessions were performed (73% of planned CyT sessions). The mean daily CyT duration was 48 minutes (range, 30-60 minutes). All patients reported cooling as comfortable. Nine completed the intervention, one terminated it early due to hypersalivation. No Grade 4 RIOM was observed. Grade 3 mucositis was observed in 4 and Grade 2 in 3 cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Cooral System was well tolerated, with a duration of application that was acceptable for most patients. We concluded that the MCD can be safely used in patients undergoing CRT. A prospective phase II trial, assessing the efficacy in preventing RIOM, is planned.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 3","pages":"1874-1883"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11985184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival analysis of gastric malignancy patients: identifying key prognostic factors.","authors":"Deng Han, Zhiyu Zhang, Jinyan Deng, Hongbo Du","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-1285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tcr-24-1285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastric malignancies are common worldwide, with a high incidence rate and mortality. Relevant studies are needed to further demonstrate the harmfulness of gastric malignancies to promote awareness of its prevention. The aim of the study was to analyze the clinicopathological features and prognosis of gastric malignancies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to obtain the clinical data of 122,793 patients diagnosed with gastric malignancies from 2000 to 2019. Along with performing univariate and multivariate analyses, the associated survival rates of each variable were analyzed using SPSS software. Columnar line graph prediction models were developed and validated using R software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 122,793 gastric malignancy patients were included in this study, including 74,303 males (60.5%) and 48,490 females (39.5%). The predominant age group among patients was 60-74 years, comprising a total of 45,603 individuals (37.1%). The follow-up time was 0-239 months, the median follow-up time was 11.7 months, and 91,869 patients (74.8%) died. Gastric adenocarcinoma was the main pathological type, accounting for 96,259 patients (82.7%). The main disease site was the cardia of the stomach, accounting for 34,019 patients (34.0%); most (109,706; 89.3%) patients lived in cities. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that gender, age, tumor size, tumor location, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, pathological type, rural/urban, and treatment were independent risk factors for prognosis (P<0.001). The Concordance index (C-index) of the nomogram prognostic model was 0.763±0.002, and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 0.76, 0.79, and 0.79, respectively. The calibration curve showed that the predicted survival rate of the nomogram was in good agreement with the observed survival rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prognosis for tumors located in the greater curvature of the stomach is relatively favorable. The level of care available in a patient's city is directly correlated with their prognosis. Notably, the outcomes for gastric stromal tumors (GSTs) and gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (G-NENs) are significantly more favorable compared to other pathological types. Patients who meet surgical criteria should undergo surgery as early as possible to enhance survival duration.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 3","pages":"1928-1941"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11985175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144024649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the error pattern recognition of dosimetric quality assurance by Bayesian optimization.","authors":"Yewei Wang, Xueying Pang, Helong Wang, Yanling Bai","doi":"10.21037/tcr-2025-337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tcr-2025-337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The clinical benefits of recognizing errors from dosimetric quality assurance (DQA) can be realized by improving the dose delivery accuracy. However, an efficient error detection method for data with multiple types of errors is still needed. This study sought to develop an algorithm for quantitatively analyzing multiple errors in DQA data by leveraging Bayesian optimization (BO) and statistical methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The analysis included 79 treatment plans, randomly divided into a training subset (comprising 60 plans) and a testing subset (comprising 19 plans), delivered using an Infinity linear accelerator (LINAC). The analysis examined errors stemming from bilateral multi-leaf collimator (MLC) leaf-banks, jaws, and collimator rotation. A Gaussian process (GP) model functioned as the surrogate for BO, which aimed to adjust the error matrix to minimize failure rates in the DQA. The algorithm's performance was evaluated using simulated and real-world data. To evaluate the efficacy of the algorithm in detecting errors, error matrices of two magnitudes were introduced into the simulations: [-0.5 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.5 mm, -0.5 degrees], and [-1 mm, 1 mm, 1 mm, -1 mm, -1 degrees]. In the analysis of the real-world data, inherent systematic errors in the training subset were identified by statistically analyzing the coefficient of variation in the solution sets produced through BO, and corrections were subsequently applied to the original plans. The precision of the error identification was measured by comparing the adjustments to the failure rates for both the training and testing subsets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Systemic biases were identified, and the detected error matrices of [-0.46±0.466 mm, 0.47±0.477 mm, 0.23±1.589 mm, -0.01±1.786 mm, -0.54±0.408 degrees], and [-0.92±0.553 mm, 0.83±0.453 mm, 0.95±1.924 mm, -0.55±1.719 mm, -0.91±0.435 degrees] closely mirrored the expected magnitudes. The analysis of inherent errors revealed substantial improvements in the failure rates following correction, including reductions from 6.06%±4.783% to 1.78%±1.033% in the training subset and from 4.15%±2.643% to 2.02%±1.261% in the testing subset.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The error pattern recognition algorithm can quantitatively detect errors in data with multiple types of errors and analyze the inherent systematic errors in plans that have already passed gamma analysis. The method can enhance the overall performance of plan implementation on specific equipment. Additionally, the algorithm can analyze inherent systematic deviations in clinical DQA data and provide well-labeled datasets for deep-learning methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 3","pages":"2029-2042"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11985199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of coenzyme Q10-related molecular subtypes and a prognostic signature for predicting breast cancer prognosis and response to immunotherapy.","authors":"Zhou Fang, Shi-Chong Liao, Yue-Yue Guo, Juan-Juan Li, Zhong Wang, Yi-Min Zhang, Feng Yao","doi":"10.21037/tcr-2025-425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tcr-2025-425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer (BRCA) remains by far the most life-threatening malignancy in women. Resistance to BRCA treatment may be counteracted by the induction of ferroptosis in combination with immunotherapy. The study aims develop iron death-related prognostic models to predict prognosis and immunotherapy effects in BRCA patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected and organized 22 ferroptosis-related pathways and quantified their pathway activities using single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a pathway associated with prognosis in patients with BRCA. We compared the differences between patients with different CoQ10 expressions in terms of prognosis, biological function, mutational profile, immune infiltration, immunotherapy, and chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with high CoQ pathway activity had a worse prognosis. In addition, patients with high CoQ activity showed greater cell cycle activation and lower immune infiltration. Based on different CoQ10 expression patterns, we developed a CoQ10-related prognostic model. The accuracy and stability of CoQ10-related prognostic models were well validated in the training set and multiple validation sets. High-risk patients showed a propensity for immune depletion and tolerance to immunotherapy. There were also some differences in the sensitivity to different chemotherapeutic agents between high- and low-risk patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We have constructed and validated a CoQ10-related gene model that can predict the prognosis of BRCA. Critically, it may serve as a reference standard to guide outcome prognostication in patients with BRCA.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 3","pages":"2010-2028"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11985207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144028036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current advances in the functional role of long non-coding RNAs in the oncogenesis and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a narrative review.","authors":"Haitao Wei, Ruirui Fang, Sa Zhang, Xiaojin Lin, Li Li","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-1048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tcr-24-1048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a significant global health challenge characterized by increasing incidence and generally poor prognosis. The search for novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key players in cancer research. The objective of this review is to explore the role of lncRNAs in ESCC, identifying their potential as diagnostic indicators and therapeutic targets. This review aims to provide a strategic overview of lncRNAs in ESCC, emphasizing their significance in disease progression and clinical implications for patient management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To identify published lncRNAs biomarkers for diagnosing or predicting the course of ESCC, we performed a literature search in the PubMed and PubMed Central databases, utilizing specific search terms.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>This paper reviews the critical role of lncRNAs in ESCC and explores their functions in tumourigenesis and metastasis. Differential expression of lncRNAs is closely related to tumour aggressiveness and patient prognosis. Up-regulated lncRNAs usually promote tumour growth and predict poor prognosis, whereas down-regulated lncRNAs exert oncogenic effects and are associated with better clinical outcomes. In addition, lncRNAs play a role in the tumour microenvironment, influencing immune escape and treatment resistance. Despite the promising role of lncRNAs in ESCC therapy, their heterogeneity and complex regulatory mechanisms remain a challenge for clinical application. Future studies should focus on revealing their specific mechanisms and developing precise targeted therapeutic strategies to improve the outcome of ESCC patients. The dysregulation of lncRNAs correlates with tumor aggression and patient prognosis, underscoring a need for targeted therapies. Understanding lncRNAs mechanisms could pave the way for personalized medicine, enhancing early detection, and treatment efficacy in ESCC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LncRNAs represent a novel frontier in ESCC research, with significant implications for patient management. Future studies should focus on deciphering lncRNAs functions within ESCC's molecular landscape to facilitate the development of effective targeted therapies. The integration of lncRNAs research into clinical practice is poised to transform ESCC treatment strategies, offering hope for improved patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 3","pages":"2150-2167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11985188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological and clinical significance of circulating mucosal-associated invariant T cells in lung cancer.","authors":"Jingjing Liu, Haoyu Wang, Xiaotao Wang, Jacek Jassem, Jiming Si, Yuanhua Liu, Jianjun Jin","doi":"10.21037/tcr-2025-178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tcr-2025-178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung cancer is among the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Circulating mucosal-associated invariant T (cMAIT) cells play an important role in cancer. This study investigated the biological and clinical significance of cMAIT cells in lung cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fasting peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were extracted from 30 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients and 30 healthy controls. The percentages of cMAIT among the CD3⁺T cells, their absolute values, and subpopulation distribution in both groups were compared by flow cytometry. The correlations of cMAIT with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the expression of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) were analyzed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) levels in lung cancer patients and healthy controls. The percentage of MAIT cells in the tumor tissues and adjacent normal lung tissues was measured by flow cytometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The percentages and absolute values of the cMAIT in lung cancer patients were lower than in healthy subjects (P<0.001, P<0.01, respectively). The CD8⁺CD4^- subgroup was dominant in both groups. There was no significant difference in percentages of the CD8⁺CD4^- subgroup between lung cancer patients and healthy subjects (P=0.63), but the absolute values of CD8⁺CD4^- cells were lower in lung cancer patients (P<0.05). The percentages and absolute values of cMAIT in lung cancer patients were negatively correlated with NLR (r=-0.537; P<0.01 and r=-0.423; P<0.05, respectively). The cMAIT cell percentage did not correlate with PD-L1 tumor expression (r=-0.1740; P=0.59) and with the PD-L1 expression level (P>0.99). No differences were found in the plasma IL-6, IL-8, and IFN-γ levels in lung cancer patients and healthy controls (P=0.63, P=0.052, P=0.13, respectively). The percentage of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in lung cancer tissues was higher than in the adjacent normal lung tissues (1.44% <i>vs.</i> 1.29%, P=0.044).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower percentage and absolute values of cMAIT in lung cancer patients may be due to their migration into tissues. The number of cMAIT in lung cancer patients may potentially be considered as a prognostic indicator.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 3","pages":"1995-2009"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11985213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting bone marrow suppression from urinal 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine level during the treatment with radium-223 in patients with cancer bone metastasis.","authors":"Satoru Monzen, Yoshihiko Kasai, Ryota Kinbara, Katsuhiko Suto, Yuki Morino, Kenji Terada, Andrzej Wojcik, Yasushi Mariya","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tcr-24-812","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer bone metastasis (BM) from castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is the terminal stage of cancer, and it demonstrates a decreasing quality of life (QOL) due to skeletal-related events such as pain and bone fracture. Radium-223 dichloride administration is frequently selected as an internal radionuclide target therapy. This radioactive molecule has a potency of accumulation in bone minerals and emits alpha particles by decaying radium-223. These physical properties cause cellular damage to bone metastatic CRPC cells. However, some poor outcomes of patients are occasionally observed, such as bone marrow suppression. Therefore, in order to understand the status of deep BM, it is necessary to discover biomarkers that effectively reflect bone metabolism. In this study, we investigated whether urinal 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a one of oxidative stress marker, could be a predictive biomarker to identify whether radium-223 administration causes bone marrow suppression in patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The urine and blood serum from four cancer patients with BM were collected and stored at -80 ℃ deep freezer until analysis. Following radiotherapeutic guidelines, three to six radium-223 internal radiotherapy doses were prescribed based on the patient, and it was terminated due to decreased therapeutic reserve.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patients who were administered six radium-223 doses demonstrated upregulation of urinal 8-OHdG, serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (1CTP), and type I collagen cross-linked N-telopeptide (NTX) concentrations. Conversely, serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) was downregulated. The patients who were administered less than five radium-223 doses exhibited urinal 8-OHdG downregulation and similar serum 1CTP, NTX, and BAP levels compared to before administration. In the patient who had bone marrow suppression, a negative correlation between time after first administration of radium-223 and urinal 8-OHdG was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that a urinal 8-OHdG concentration has a potency of biomarker for bone marrow suppression under the administration of radium-223 in the patient with BM from CRPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 3","pages":"1753-1763"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11985201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144038846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic significance of alterations in peripheral cellular and humoral immune biomarkers during radiochemotherapy in head and neck cancer patients.","authors":"Chunmei Zhu, Shuyuan Zhang, Qiuji Wu","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-1510","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-1510","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The impacts of radiochemotherapy on peripheral blood cell and lymphocyte cell counts, immunoglobulin (Ig) and complement levels remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the above parameters regulated by radiotherapy (RT), induction chemotherapy (ICT) and concurrent chemotherapy (CCT) in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Patients with non-metastatic HNC treated by conventional intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) were enrolled in this study. Data of peripheral blood cells, lymphocyte subpopulations, complements and immunoglobulins were collected before, during and after IMRT. And conducted regular follow-up on patients. SPSS (IBM, version 26.0), R (MathSoft, 4.0.3) and Graphpad Prism were used to perform statistical analysis and plot figures.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 126 HNC patients undergoing RT were enrolled in this study. Among them, 44 patients received ICT, 56 patients received CCT, and 123 patients had complete survival information. Number of white blood cells (WBCs), platelets, basophils, total lymphocytes, CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells, natural killer (NK) cells, B cells declined significantly during RT. Accordingly, the ratio of help T cells to suppressor T cells (Th/Ts) and the percentages of B cells, CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells also declined. There were increased levels of neutrophils and complement 4 (C4) and percentage of NK cells during RT. ICT caused significant reductions of platelets, B cells and immunoglobulin A (IgA). CCT reduced WBCs, red blood cells (RBCs), platelets, hemoglobin (HGB), granulocytes, total lymphocytes, B cells, CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells, NK cells and immunoglobulin G (IgG). Generalized linear model (GLM) analysis further confirmed that RT was a risk factor for lower total lymphocytes, B cells, CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells, NK cells, Th/Ts ratios, and lower percentages of B cells, CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells. ICT contributed to decreased Th/Ts ratios, and immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgA levels. As for CCT, it was an unfavorable factor for reduced total lymphocytes, B cells, CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells, NK cells and IgG. Conversely, complement 3 (C3) or 4 levels were higher in patients treated with RT, ICT or CCT. Importantly, we found that HNC patients with higher lymphocytes or lymphocyte percentages like CD3&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, CD4&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cells before or after RT had a better prognosis. While higher NK cells and NK cell percentage before RT were associated with worse prognosis. In addition, higher levels of C3 and C4 before and after RT were associated with a favorable prognosis. However, higher levels of IgA, immunoglobulin E (IgE), IgG, and IgM before RT were associated with poorer prognosis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;To sum up, chemoradiotherapy resulted in significant alterations in peripheral immune biomarkers which in retur","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"685-705"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The screening of optimal primary tumor resection candidates in patients with small cell lung cancer: a population-based predictive model.","authors":"Zhidong Wang, Cheng Gong, Youpu Zhang, Yongxiang Qian, Yang Liu, Ce Chao","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-1419","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-1419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although a strong survival benefit has been observed among small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients undergoing surgery, not all SCLC patients benefit from surgery. To help clinicians make choices and decisions regarding surgical intervention, we have developed an effective model to screen beneficial candidates based on population and tumor characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with SCLC were acquired from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to balance covariates between the surgery and non-surgery groups. We assumed that patients undergoing surgery between 2014 and 2018 would benefit from the procedure if their median cancer-specific survival (CSS) time was longer than that of non-surgical patients. Univariate and multivariable logistic analyses were used to identify independent factors of surgical benefit in the surgery group. According to these preoperative factors, a nomogram was built and then internal and external validation were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 35,214 patients with complete data were included for subsequent analysis, 1,364 of whom underwent surgery. Before and after PSM, surgery was an independent factor of long-term survival, with a median CSS time of 37.00 months for the surgery group compared to 16.00 months for the non-surgery group. A multivariable logistic model identified T stage, N stage, M stage, tumor site, and age as independent factors, which were used to establish a stable predictive model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We have built a preoperative predictive model for SCLC patients to screen for optimal surgery candidates. This model has the potential to help clinicians determine whether it is beneficial to operate on patients with SCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"1024-1036"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryoablation for breast cancer: a narrative review of advances, clinical applications, and future challenges.","authors":"Manchen Yang, Baosan Han, Ping Ye","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-1415","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-1415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Breast cancer remains one of the most common malignant tumors affecting women, with its incidence continuing to rise in recent years. Cryoablation, a minimally invasive technique, has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional surgical excision. Its advantages include high precision, rapid recovery, suitability for local anesthesia, and the potential to activate the immune system, making it an appealing option for patients who are either unwilling or unable to undergo conventional surgical procedures. The objective of this narrative review is to assess the progress and current status of cryoablation in the treatment of breast cancer, providing a comprehensive overview of its technological advances and clinical applications, including device development, mechanisms, surgical procedures, indications, and clinical outcomes for different tumour types. In addition, the article discusses the use of cryoablation in combination with immunotherapy and the challenges ahead.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study conducted a literature review by searching the PubMed and Web of Science databases to identify the latest research findings in the field of cryoablation technology and breast cancer treatment. Based on these findings, a narrative review was generated.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>This article presents the mechanisms, devices, and surgical procedures of cryoablation, affirming its safety and efficacy in the clinical treatment of breast cancer. Additionally, it explores the challenges associated with combining cryoablation with immunotherapy to prevent tumor recurrence. As technological advancements continue, it is anticipated that more extensive clinical trials will be conducted to validate the broader application of cryoablation in breast cancer treatment, addressing the limitations of currently available small-scale studies. This progress will aid in selecting more effective treatment strategies for breast cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cryoablation has been proven to be a unique and effective approach for treating early-stage, advanced, and inoperable breast cancer patients, demonstrating favorable therapeutic outcomes. Additionally, cryoablation can enhance anti-tumor immune responses, and its combination with immunotherapy and nanomedicine shows promise in preventing tumor recurrence. As a result, cryoablation is gradually becoming a viable alternative to traditional surgical methods for breast cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"1467-1478"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}