Yang Han, Wei Xia, Zhong-Na Ma, Zhong-Chao Mai, Yu-Shui Ma, Da Fu, Juhua Zhuang
{"title":"Development of a prognostic model based on m6A reader <i>HNRNPA2B1</i> upregulation and immune infiltration in multiple malignant tumors.","authors":"Yang Han, Wei Xia, Zhong-Na Ma, Zhong-Chao Mai, Yu-Shui Ma, Da Fu, Juhua Zhuang","doi":"10.21037/tcr-2024-2616","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High <i>HNRNPA2B1</i> expression has been previously observed in diverse tumor types. On this basis, the present work focused on exploring the effects of <i>HNRNPA2B1</i> on pan-cancer occurrence and progression, as well as its potential functions and molecular regulatory mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>HNRNPA2B1</i> gene expression, protein expression, Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stage, and survival prognosis in thirty-three different tumors across thirty-three tumors were analyzed via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, which included 9,664 cancer tissues and 711 normal tissues, with R software (version 3.6.3). A series of bioinformatics analyses were performed to determine the relationships between the expression of <i>HNRNPA2B1</i>-associated genes and prognosis, DNA promoter methylation, phosphorylation status and immune cell infiltration. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed to elucidate gene functions. Cancer and corresponding para-cancerous samples were confirmed via immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study confirmed that <i>HNRNPA2B1</i> overexpression was associated with cancer development and a dismal prognosis in multiple types of cancer. Mutation and amplification were the main types of alterations in bladder urothelial carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma, respectively. The phosphorylation and methylation levels of <i>HNRNPA2B1</i> were linked to multiple tumor types. Furthermore, the <i>HNRNPA2B1</i> expression level was positively correlated with infiltration degree in CESC, LIHC, HNSC-HPV<sup>+</sup>, and MESO-associated fibroblasts in TCGA. In addition, nine Chinese herbal medicines and ten Chinese medicinal plant components targeting <i>HNRNPA2B1</i> were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><i>HNRNPA2B1</i> affects tumor occurrence and progression. The expression of <i>HNRNPA2B1</i> may serve as a reliable prognostic marker as well as a potential therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 7","pages":"4219-4242"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12335694/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Translational cancer research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.21037/tcr-2024-2616","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/7/27 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: High HNRNPA2B1 expression has been previously observed in diverse tumor types. On this basis, the present work focused on exploring the effects of HNRNPA2B1 on pan-cancer occurrence and progression, as well as its potential functions and molecular regulatory mechanisms.
Methods: HNRNPA2B1 gene expression, protein expression, Tumor Node Metastasis (TNM) stage, and survival prognosis in thirty-three different tumors across thirty-three tumors were analyzed via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, which included 9,664 cancer tissues and 711 normal tissues, with R software (version 3.6.3). A series of bioinformatics analyses were performed to determine the relationships between the expression of HNRNPA2B1-associated genes and prognosis, DNA promoter methylation, phosphorylation status and immune cell infiltration. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed to elucidate gene functions. Cancer and corresponding para-cancerous samples were confirmed via immunohistochemistry.
Results: This study confirmed that HNRNPA2B1 overexpression was associated with cancer development and a dismal prognosis in multiple types of cancer. Mutation and amplification were the main types of alterations in bladder urothelial carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma, respectively. The phosphorylation and methylation levels of HNRNPA2B1 were linked to multiple tumor types. Furthermore, the HNRNPA2B1 expression level was positively correlated with infiltration degree in CESC, LIHC, HNSC-HPV+, and MESO-associated fibroblasts in TCGA. In addition, nine Chinese herbal medicines and ten Chinese medicinal plant components targeting HNRNPA2B1 were identified.
Conclusions: HNRNPA2B1 affects tumor occurrence and progression. The expression of HNRNPA2B1 may serve as a reliable prognostic marker as well as a potential therapeutic target.
背景:HNRNPA2B1的高表达已经在不同的肿瘤类型中被观察到。在此基础上,本研究重点探讨HNRNPA2B1在泛癌发生发展中的作用及其潜在功能和分子调控机制。方法:利用美国癌症基因组图谱(TCGA)和gene expression Omnibus (GEO)数据库,采用R软件(3.6.3版),对33例肿瘤中33例不同肿瘤的HNRNPA2B1基因表达、蛋白表达、肿瘤淋巴结转移(TNM)分期及生存预后进行分析,其中包括9664例癌组织和711例正常组织。我们进行了一系列生物信息学分析,以确定hnrnpa2b1相关基因的表达与预后、DNA启动子甲基化、磷酸化状态和免疫细胞浸润的关系。通过基因本体(GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)途径富集分析来阐明基因功能。通过免疫组织化学方法确认肿瘤及相应的癌旁组织。结果:本研究证实HNRNPA2B1过表达与多种类型癌症的发展和预后不良相关。突变型和扩增型分别是膀胱尿路上皮癌和食管腺癌的主要改变类型。HNRNPA2B1的磷酸化和甲基化水平与多种肿瘤类型有关。此外,在CESC、LIHC、HNSC-HPV+和TCGA的meso相关成纤维细胞中,HNRNPA2B1的表达水平与浸润程度呈正相关。此外,还鉴定出9种靶向HNRNPA2B1的中草药和10种靶向HNRNPA2B1的中药植物成分。结论:HNRNPA2B1影响肿瘤的发生和进展。HNRNPA2B1的表达可作为可靠的预后指标和潜在的治疗靶点。
期刊介绍:
Translational Cancer Research (Transl Cancer Res TCR; Print ISSN: 2218-676X; Online ISSN 2219-6803; http://tcr.amegroups.com/) is an Open Access, peer-reviewed journal, indexed in Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE). TCR publishes laboratory studies of novel therapeutic interventions as well as clinical trials which evaluate new treatment paradigms for cancer; results of novel research investigations which bridge the laboratory and clinical settings including risk assessment, cellular and molecular characterization, prevention, detection, diagnosis and treatment of human cancers with the overall goal of improving the clinical care of cancer patients. The focus of TCR is original, peer-reviewed, science-based research that successfully advances clinical medicine toward the goal of improving patients'' quality of life. The editors and an international advisory group of scientists and clinician-scientists as well as other experts will hold TCR articles to the high-quality standards. We accept Original Articles as well as Review Articles, Editorials and Brief Articles.