Translational cancer research最新文献

{"title":"Construction of a prognostic signature for breast cancer based on genes involved in unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis.","authors":"Hua Meng, Shuangyi Zhang, Min Ling, Yuanyuan Hu, Xiaohong Xie","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-1668","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-1668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) has been implicated in the onset and advancement of breast cancer (BC). This study aimed to develop molecular subtypes and prognostic signatures for BC based on UFA-related genes (UFAGs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study integrates multi-omics and survival data from public databases to elucidate molecular classifications and risk profiles based on UFAGs. Consensus clustering and Lasso Cox regression methodologies are employed for subtype identification and risk signature development, respectively. Immune microenvironment assessment is conducted using CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE algorithms, while drug sensitivity and response to immunotherapy are evaluated via pRRophetic and TIDE methods. Gene set enrichment analysis augments signature characterization, followed by nomogram construction and validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We successfully identified two distinct BC molecular subtypes with significantly different prognoses utilizing UFAGs correlated with outcomes. A prognostic signature comprising three UFAGs [acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 1 (<i>ACAA1</i>), acyl-CoA thioesterase 2 (<i>ACOT2</i>), and ELOVL fatty acid elongase 2 (<i>ELOVL2</i>)] is developed, stratifying patients into high- and low-risk groups exhibiting divergent outcomes, clinicopathological traits, gene expression patterns, immune infiltration profiles, therapeutic susceptibility, and immunotherapy responses. The signature demonstrates robust prognostic performance in both training and validation cohorts, emerging as an independent predictor alongside age, which is integrated into a nomogram. Decision curve analysis highlights the nomogram's superiority over other factors in prognosis prediction. Calibration plots and receiver operating characteristic curves affirm its excellent performance in BC prognosis assessment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Expression profiles of UFAGs are associated with BC prognosis, enabling the creation of a risk signature with implications for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying BC progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"1190-1204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Fanconi anemia pathway genes as novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for breast cancer.","authors":"Yunyong Wang, Xiaohang Lu, Hongsheng Lin, Yangling Zeng, Jiaqian He, Jinna Tan, Mingfen Li","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-772","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, breast cancer is one of the most common cancers with poor prognosis. The Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway genes maintain genome stability and play important roles in human diseases, including cancer. However, the prognostic values and biological roles of FA pathway genes in breast cancer have not been clarified. This study aims to investigate the potential of FA pathway genes as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, the Oncomine Cancer Microarray (ONCOMINE), University of ALabama at Birmingham Cancer (UALCAN), Kaplan-Meier plotter, cBio Cancer Genomics Portal (cBioPortal), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), Gene Multi-Association Network Integration Algorithm (GeneMANIA), the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) databases were used to investigate the transcriptional and survival data of FA pathway genes in patients with breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most of the FA pathway genes were found to be significantly upregulated in breast cancer tissues when compared to normal tissues. Additionally, the elevated expression levels of FA pathway genes were significantly associated with poor survival outcomes in breast cancer patients. Through functional enrichment analysis, the FA pathway genes were positively associated with cell cycle and nucleoplasm and negatively correlated with signal recognition particle-dependent co-translational protein targeting to membrane and ribosome. Furthermore, the expression levels of FA pathway genes exhibited a significant positive association with immune infiltration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The FA pathway genes are potential prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer and may offer effective as well as new strategies for cancer management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"843-864"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiomics models using machine learning algorithms to differentiate the primary focus of brain metastasis.","authors":"Yuping Xie, Xuanzi Li, Shuai Yang, Fujie Jia, Yuanyuan Han, Mingsheng Huang, Lei Chen, Wei Zou, Chuntao Deng, Zibin Liang","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-1355","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-1355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Brain metastases are common brain tumors in adults. Brain metastases from different primary tumors have special magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. As a new technology that can extract and quantify medical image data, and with the rapid development of artificial intelligence, the machine learning model based on radiology has been successfully applied to the diagnosis and differentiation of tumors. This study aimed to develop radiomics models from post-contrast T1-weighted images using machine learning algorithms to differentiate lung cancer from breast cancer brain metastases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 118 lung cancer brain metastases patients and 62 breast cancer brain metastases patients confirmed by surgery pathology or combined clinical and imaging diagnosis at The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from August 2015 to September 2023. Patients were randomly divided into a training set (126 cases) and a validation set (54 cases) at a 7:3 ratio. Enhanced T1-weighted images of all patients were imported into ITK-SNAP software to manually delineate the region of interest (ROI). Radiomic features were extracted based on the ROI and feature selection was performed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator. Significant features were used to develop models using logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM). The diagnostic performance of the models was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LightGBM radiomics model exhibited the best diagnostic performance, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.875 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.819-0.931] in the training set and 0.866 (95% CI: 0.740-0.993) in the validation set.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The enhanced MRI radiomics model, especially the LightGBM model, can accurately predict the primary lesion types of brain metastases from lung cancer and breast cancer origins.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"731-742"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specific effects of hypoxia-immune core gene <i>ARHGAP11A</i> on lung adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Kang Sun, Luyao Wang, Xueying Zhang, Huili Chen, Ziqiang Wang, Jing Zhang, Xiaojing Wang, Chaoqun Lian","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-224","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The changes in tumor microenvironment (TME) are closely related to the regulation of immunity and hypoxia. This study aimed to investigate the specific effects of <i>ARHGAP11A</i> on the prognosis, immunity, and hypoxia of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The core gene <i>ARHGAP11A</i> related to immunity and hypoxia was obtained from a variety of databases, including Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Human Protein Atlas (HPA), Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING), HALLMARK gene set, and various analysis methods (differences and single factor Cox analysis). The relationship between the expression level of <i>ARHGAP11A</i>, survival prognosis, immune invasion, and hypoxia regulation was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>ARHGAP11A</i> was associated with poor patient prognosis and was strongly associated with immune and hypoxic-related signal pathways. We also found that knocking down the expression of <i>ARHGAP11A</i> can affect the proliferation, glycolysis, migration, invasion, and anti-apoptotic ability of tumor cells. The changes of apoptosis-related proteins (BCL2, BAX, and Caspase-3), cell cycle protein E1, D1 (cyclin D1, cyclin E1), matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 (MMP2, MMP9), and P-Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B (P-PI3K and P-AKT) in the knockdown group, were verified by Western blot (WB). We also found that interfering with the expression of <i>ARHGAP11A</i> can reduce the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1) in LUAD cells. Through the induction of tumor cells by cobalt chloride (CoCL2), we established a hypoxic microenvironment, and found that interfering with <i>ARHGAP11A</i> can significantly reduce the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1A (<i>HIF1A</i>), downstream molecular vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The expression of <i>ARHGAP11A</i> is highly correlated with immunity, hypoxia, poor prognosis, and tumor cell development. Therefore, the study of <i>ARHGAP11A</i> can provide more ideas on comprehensive treatment and prognosis management of LUAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"778-795"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characterization and prognostic modeling of bladder cancer patients with a history of prior tumors: a SEER database analysis.","authors":"Zhengli Liu, Haojie Zhang, Rongtuan Luo, Bin Wang, Tengfei Li, Baoshou Zheng","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-1530","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-1530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bladder cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies within the urinary system, with incidence and mortality rates showing a global upward trend. This study aims to examine the clinical characteristics of bladder cancer patients with a history of prior malignancies and to develop a prognostic model using extensive data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to inform clinical treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from bladder cancer patients diagnosed between 2011 and 2015 were extracted using SEER*Stat software. Statistical analyses, including Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and Cox regression, were conducted using R software version 3.6.1 to develop a nomogram model. The predictive performance of the nomogram was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and the concordance index (C-index).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 12,260 bladder cancer patients were analyzed, including 8,959 individuals with no prior tumor history and 3,301 individuals with a history of previous tumors. The mean survival duration for patients with a prior tumor history was 56.04±39.96 months, significantly lower than the 70.28±39.36 months for patients without a prior tumor history (P<0.001). Significant differences were observed between the two groups across various clinical characteristics, such as age, race, gender, marital status, tumor location, tumor stage, and tumor grade. Multifactorial analysis identified age, race, gender, marital status, tumor grade, tumor stage, tumor histological type, surgical intervention, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and prior tumor history as independent prognostic factors influencing survival. A nomogram was subsequently developed to predict overall mortality risk and 3- and 5-year survival rates, demonstrating robust predictive performance with a C-index and AUC exceeding 0.70.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with a history of tumors exhibited lower survival rates and distinct clinical characteristics. The developed nomogram accurately predicts overall mortality and 3- and 5-year survival rates, offering potential for personalized prognostic assessments in clinical practice. Future research should validate the model's generalizability and include additional biological factors to enhance its predictive power.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"1111-1123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide profiling of a prognostic RNA-binding protein signature in esophageal cancer.","authors":"Shaowu Sun, Junya Wang, Yujie Zhang, Yuetong Li, Yanan Guo, Chunyao Huang, Alfredo Tartarone, Pierlorenzo Pallante, Kaiyuan Li, Guoqing Zhang, Xue Pan, Xiangnan Li","doi":"10.21037/tcr-2024-2561","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-2024-2561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are known to be involved in the initiation and development of malignant tumors, but the roles of RBPs in esophageal cancer (EC) remain unclear. This study aims to establish a prognostic signature based on RBPs through genome-wide analysis to predict the prognosis of EC patients and provide new insights into chemoresistance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The gene expression profiles and clinical data of patients with EC were downloaded from the Xena database. Candidate genes were obtained by taking the intersection of RBP genes, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway-related genes, and differentially expressed RBP genes from cluster analysis. Hub genes were extracted via protein-protein interaction network construction. A Cox proportional hazards regression model with seven prognostic RBPs (TRMT2A, PDHA1, MPRIP, KRI1, IL17A, HSPA1A, and HIST1H4J) was built. The risk score of each patient in internal and external dataset cohorts was calculated, and then the patients were divided into two groups based on the median value.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant differences in survival curves between the two risk groups in the internal and external dataset cohorts (P<0.05). In terms of chemotherapy, there was a significant association between RBP risk score and response to chemotherapy, with low-risk patients being more likely to achieve complete response. Finally, univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that the risk score was significantly correlated with overall survival (P<0.05), and pathological stage could also be used independently to predict the prognosis of EC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study indicated that the RBP signature could serve as a prognostic biomarker of EC and provided new insights into the chemoresistance of this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"1428-1446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low expression of PRTN3 regulates the progression of gastric cancer by inhibition of cell cycle and promotion of apoptosis.","authors":"Haoyu Zhu, Fei Wang, Xinran Lu, Hao Wu, Chao Shi, Silvio Matsas, Renata D'Alpino Peixoto, Marcelo Porfirio Sunagua Aruquipa, Chong Tang, Shichun Feng","doi":"10.21037/tcr-2025-153","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-2025-153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Proteinase 3 (PRTN3) has been linked to the progression of different cancer types. In this study, the expression and cell biological function of PRTN3 were investigated in gastric cancer (GC) to assess its role in GC progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PRTN3 levels in 20 pairs of GC tissues were detected via quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting, while immunohistochemical staining was used to assess the PRTN3 levels in 47 GC tissue samples. The effects of stable lentivirus-mediated PRTN3 knockdown on GC cell proliferative, cell cycle, and apoptotic activity were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays, nude mouse models, and flow cytometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Elevated levels of PRTN3 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein were noted in GC tissues, mostly in the cytosol. High PRTN3 levels were positively correlated with GC tumor N staging. <i>in vitro</i> knockdown of PRTN3 suppressed cell cycle progression, promoted apoptotic induction, and decreased the concentrations of cell cycle-associated proteins (cyclin D1, CDK4, and CDK6) and apoptosis-related Bcl-2 while inducing the upregulation of Bax. Downregulation of PRTN3 inhibited GC cell growth both <i>in vitro</i> and in mouse models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study found that high expression of PRTN3 is associated with GC tumor N staging. And PRTN3 silencing could regulate GC progression by inhibiting the cell cycle and promoting apoptosis in GC cells, which could be a potential target for GC diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"1415-1427"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of cancer stem cell heterogeneity in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.","authors":"Yiwang Zhang, Juping Xie, Xiangqi Huang, Jintian Gao, Zhiyong Xiong","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-1286","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-1286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a highly invasive bile duct cancer with poor prognosis due to frequent recurrence and limited effective treatments. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) contribute to ICC's therapeutic resistance and recurrence, driven by distinct cellular subpopulations with variable tumorigenic properties. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have enabled a deeper exploration of cellular heterogeneity in tumors, offering insights into unique CSC subgroups that impact ICC progression and patient outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of CSC heterogeneity on the prognosis of ICC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The scRNA-seq dataset GSE142784 was retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and Bulk RNA-seq data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. Hallmarks and AUCell R package were adopted for analyzing the signaling pathway activity, CellChat for observing cell communication between subgroups, and SCENIC for analyzing transcription factors expression. The immune cell infiltration and drug sensitivity of the model were analyzed using the CIBERSORT algorithm and the \"pRRophetic\" R packages, respectively. And immunohistochemistry (IHC) tests were used to evaluate expression of transcription factors in ICC patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on scRNA-seq data, five clusters (DLK⁺, CD13⁺, CD90⁺, CD133⁺, and other cholangiocarcinoma cells) were observed in ICC, which presented different signaling pathway activities, such as HSF1 and STAT1 were highly expressed in the CD133 cluster, and consistent with the results of IHC tests. Pathways like Notch and Wnt/β-catenin signaling transferred among above subgroups. Further, subgroups favored varied immune response and drug sensitivity, and CD133⁺ subgroup patients showed significantly shortened recurrence-free survival (RFS).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Configuring the subgroup of ICC is helpful for predicting the prognosis and drug resistance in ICC and can provide new strategies for cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"1265-1281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amyopathic dermatomyositis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in lung adenocarcinoma: a case report.","authors":"Zhang Zhang, Takehiro Uemura, Pengyi Guo","doi":"10.21037/tcr-2024-2364","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-2024-2364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have proven efficacious in various types of cancers, including lung cancer, but they usually lead to a set of organ-specific immune-related adverse events (irAEs). In particular, checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) requires special attention because it is difficult to diagnose and can be potentially fatal. Accumulating real-world epidemiological data indicate that CIP is more common than previously reported. Amyopathic dermatomyositis (ADM), which shows no or minimal muscle damage, is positive for anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (anti-MDA5) and involves unique skin findings, as well as clinical features of rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD). Therefore, knowing how to differentiate between CIP and ADM-related RP-ILD is important, which can provide valuable experience for subsequent treatment of patients.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We report a case of a patient with stage IV lung adenocarcinoma who developed ADM associated with RP-ILD following the administration of pembrolizumab, an inhibitor of the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) pathway. The principal adverse reactions to pembrolizumab are irAEs. However, pembrolizumab-associated ADM has not been previously reported in clinical settings. The patient presented with atypical skin lesions and tested positive for anti-MDA5 antibodies, accompanied by severe acute ILD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We believe this case represents a valuable clinical reference for the future management of irAEs caused by pembrolizumab and emphasizes the necessity of early screening for anti-melanoma differentiation associated protein 5 (MDA5) antibodies in patients with CIP presenting as RP-ILD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"1500-1505"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: <i>Beclin-1</i> expression serves as an important biomarker for carcinogenesis and evolution in lung adenocarcinoma presenting as ground glass opacity.","authors":"","doi":"10.21037/tcr-2024b-12","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-2024b-12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/tcr-20-1001.].</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"14 2","pages":"1506"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}