Translational cancer research最新文献

{"title":"Treatment approaches for prostate cancer in sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Brooke Kania, Kirthana Sharma, Pleasure Ramatlho, Peter Vuylsteke, Andrew Ndlovu, Tina Mayer","doi":"10.21037/tcr-23-2289","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-23-2289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate cancer (CaP) represents a significant cause of cancer-related mortality on a global scale. Low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), particularly those in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), face a disproportionate burden of this disease. Underlying genetic factors as well as barriers to early diagnosis and treatment lead to overall worse outcomes for CaP patients in SSA compared with the United States (U.S.). The number of available therapies for CaP has exploded over the last decade. Discussion of the potential impact these therapies could have on the current management of patients with metastatic CaP in SSA may help to prioritize goals for making drugs available to more patients. We review U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved treatments for metastatic CaP while acknowledging that many of these treatment regimens may not be feasible in SSA given barriers to medication access, significant follow-up required, and limited technological advancements needed to diagnose and treat. The purpose of this manuscript is to aid readers who may be unfamiliar with the currently approved regimens for CaP in the U.S. to provide information that may aid in prioritization of the available therapies for this cancer in SSA. Given our review of both the treatment of CaP in SSA and current treatment options available in the U.S., abiraterone has demonstrated remarkable benefits in advanced CaP and has been well-tolerated. Abiraterone and prednisone combination therapy has demonstrated significant survival benefit to patients in multiple phase three trials and given it was the first of the newer generation hormone therapies to become available, generic options are available allowing for a cost-effective option for patients. Studies have demonstrated similar efficacy when administering low-dose abiraterone taken with a low-fat meal (compared to full dose taken when fasting), which can lead to cost-savings if the drug is at a lower dose. In conclusion, abiraterone and prednisone can be clinically meaningful for patients in SSA and has a favorable and manageable side effect profile. Additional treatment options also have meaningful benefits; however, the absolute benefit of abiraterone as well as the ease of administration would favor pursuing options to make this or similar newer-generation hormone therapy available to patients in SSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"13 11","pages":"6503-6510"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating artificial intelligence in renal cell carcinoma: evaluating ChatGPT's performance in educating patients and trainees.","authors":"J Patrick Mershon, Tasha Posid, Keyan Salari, Richard S Matulewicz, Eric A Singer, Shawn Dason","doi":"10.21037/tcr-23-2234","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-23-2234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>OpenAI's ChatGPT is a large language model-based artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot that can be used to answer unique, user-generated questions without direct training on specific content. Large language models have significant potential in urologic education. We reviewed the primary data surrounding the use of large language models in urology. We also reported findings of our primary study assessing the performance of ChatGPT in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) education.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For our primary study, we utilized three professional society guidelines addressing RCC to generate fifteen content questions. These questions were inputted into ChatGPT 3.5. ChatGPT responses along with pre- and post-content assessment questions regarding ChatGPT were then presented to evaluators. Evaluators consisted of four urologic oncologists and four non-clinical staff members. Medline was reviewed for additional studies pertaining to the use of ChatGPT in urologic education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that all assessors rated ChatGPT highly on the accuracy and usefulness of information provided with overall mean scores of 3.64 [±0.62 standard deviation (SD)] and 3.58 (±0.75) out of 5, respectively. Clinicians and non-clinicians did not differ in their scoring of responses (P=0.37). Completing content assessment improved confidence in the accuracy of ChatGPT's information (P=0.01) and increased agreement that it should be used for medical education (P=0.007). Attitudes towards use for patient education did not change (P=0.30). We also review the current state of the literature regarding ChatGPT use for patient and trainee education and discuss future steps towards optimization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ChatGPT has significant potential utility in medical education if it can continue to provide accurate and useful information. We have found it to be a useful adjunct to expert human guidance both for medical trainee and, less so, for patient education. Further work is needed to validate ChatGPT before widespread adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"13 11","pages":"6246-6254"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of translocation carcinomas of the kidney.","authors":"Yasser Ged, Ardit Feinaj, Ezra Baraban, Nirmish Singla","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-60","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-60","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor family translocation renal cell carcinoma (MiT-tRCC) stands out as a rare subtype of kidney cancer with distinct biological features compared to other kidney cancer subtypes. It encompasses TFE3-rearranged RCC (also known as Xp11 translocation RCC) and TFE-rearranged translocations RCC, although multiple new fusion partners were identified. Traditionally thought to primarily affect children and young adults, more cases of MiT-tRCC are being identified in adults. It was first officially recognized in the 2004 World Health Organization (WHO) renal tumor classification and recently TFE3 (Xp11) rearrangement and TFEB alterations were included in the WHO 2022 \"molecularly defined renal carcinomas\" as a distinct group. This subtype is distinguished by gene fusions involving the MiT family of transcription factors. Recent strides in diagnostic and molecular sequencing assays have significantly enhanced our comprehension of these tumors, uncovering novel and distinct molecular features. The discovery of novel immune-checkpoint inhibitors and anti-angiogenic targeted therapies has notably broadened the therapeutic options for clear cell RCC. These advancements have prompted the consideration and study of these innovative therapies in translocation RCC. In this review, we offer an overview of translocation RCC and delve into the current strides in the management of this distinctive disease, highlighting the integration of recent breakthroughs in therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"13 11","pages":"6438-6447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alpha-fetoprotein-to-PIVKA-II ratio as a potential biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma differentiation, imaging characteristics, and patient survival.","authors":"Menene Nkonika Dieu-Merci, Jihong Hu, Xinyi Fang, Renjie Zhao, Xiaojie Xie, Wenqiu Pan, Thapa Aayush, Fang Yin, Hu Xingyue, Dan Han","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-958","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alpha-fetoprotein-to-PIVKA-II ratio (APR) may serve as a new marker to predict the grade of differentiation, imaging characteristics, and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to demonstrate the prognostic significance of high APR for poorly differentiated HCC (PD-HCC), imaging characteristics and overall survival (OS) in patients after intra-arterial therapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed and areas under the curve (AUCs) were calculated to evaluate the predictive ability of APR to discriminate subgroup(s) of HCC with good or poor prognosis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of tumor differentiation and change in APR on overall patient survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cut-off value of APR used in the diagnostic setting was 0.175. Almost all patients in the PD-HCC group (90.9%) had a high APR value, while 100% and 84.2% of well-differentiated and moderately differentiated HCC (WD-HCC and MD-HCC) patients, respectively, had a low APR value (P<0.001). APR had a high sensitivity (91%) and specificity (90%) in differentiating PD-HCCs from WD-HCCs/MD-HCCs (P<0.001). Patients with high APR tended to have large and multiple tumors, vascular invasion and high percentage signal ratio (PSR). OS was slightly shorter in the PD-HCC group and in the high (>0.175) APR group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that patients with high APR and those with PD-HCC had a worse prognosis, and APR could be an important non-invasive biomarker for predicting the degree of tumor differentiation, imaging characteristics and patient prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"13 11","pages":"5929-5942"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction of a disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs signature of the subtype, prognostic, and immunotherapy in neuroblastoma.","authors":"Yongcheng Fu, Nan Zhang, Jingyue Wang, Yuanyuan Wang, Da Zhang","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-510","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disulfidptosis is an emerging form of regulated cell death distinguished by abnormal disulfide stress and the collapse of the actin network. This study was to construct a prognostic model based on disulfidptosis-related lncRNAs (DRLs) to enhance survival prediction and assess their viability as biomarkers for immunotherapy response in neuroblastoma (NB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Transcriptomic and clinical data from NB patients were obtained from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. DRLs linked to overall survival (OS) were identified using Pearson correlation and univariate Cox regression analyses. Molecular subtypes of NB were determined through consensus clustering. Immune cell infiltration was assessed with multiple algorithms. A prognostic model was constructed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) analysis on somatic mutations from the TARGET database explored the TMB and risk score relationship. Patient responses to immunotherapy and anti-tumor drugs were predicted using tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE), Tumor Inflammation Signature (TIS), Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database, and CellMiner tools.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 151 DRLs associated with OS and defined three distinct DRLs subtypes. Using eight of these, we created a prognostic model. This model was proven independently significant and divided NB patients into high and low-risk groups. The high-risk group showed poorer OS, reduced immune cell presence and infiltration, and weaker response to immunotherapy. Conversely, the low-risk group demonstrated potential immunotherapy effectiveness and increased sensitivity to anti-tumor drugs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We established a prognostic model based on DRLs to predict the prognosis of NB patients, assess the immune cell infiltration, analyze TMB, evaluate the effectiveness of immunotherapy, and gauge sensitivity to anti-tumor drug treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"13 11","pages":"5909-5928"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postexercise downregulation of <i>NUP155</i> in regulating non-small cell lung cancer progression via the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway.","authors":"Jiangang Xu, Liyin Zhang, Menghui Feng, Weijun Hong, Xinming Ye","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-1619","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-1619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research interest into regulation of gene expression by physical activity and its effect on cancer prognosis has intensified. This study investigated the role of an exercise-related gene, <i>NUP155</i>, in the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its potential as therapy target.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the GSE41914 dataset, which includes data related to exercise, and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-NSCLC dataset, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and selected <i>NUP155</i> as a hub gene for further analysis. <i>NUP155</i> expression levels were measured in NSCLC cell lines and normal lung cells using <i>in vitro</i> assays. The functional roles of <i>NUP155</i> were investigated through small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown experiments, assessing effects on migration, cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptosis. The involvement of the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway was examined using the PTEN inhibitor SF1670.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>NUP155</i> was downregulated in postexercise samples and upregulated in NSCLC samples, indicating its association with poor prognosis in NSCLC. Knockdown of <i>NUP155</i> in NSCLC cell lines resulted in reduced cell viability, migration, and invasion, alongside increased apoptosis. Western blotting revealed that <i>NUP155</i> knockdown upregulated PTEN levels and downregulated phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT), without altering total AKT levels. The addition of SF1670 partially reversed the effects of <i>NUP155</i> knockdown, indicating the involvement of the signaling pathway PTEN/AKT in <i>NUP155</i>-mediated tumorigenesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><i>NUP155</i> is upregulated in NSCLC, which promotes cell invasion and migration via the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. Targeting <i>NUP155</i>, potentially influenced by exercise, could be a promising therapy. Combining exercise with targeted treatments may enhance patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"13 11","pages":"6323-6335"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms in Korean patients with ovarian or primary peritoneal cancer treated with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors.","authors":"Yoon Jung Jang, Heyjin Kim, Sang-Young Ryu, Moon-Hong Kim, Beob-Jong Kim, Hee Jung Jung, Jisik Kang, Sung Hyun Yang, Im Il Na, Hyo-Rak Lee, Hye Jin Kang","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-1131","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-1131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prior prospective studies have demonstrated the efficacy of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) in various cancers with mutations in the breast cancer gene (<i>BRCA</i>), such as ovarian and breast cancers. However, PARPi have also been associated with an increased incidence of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MNs). This study aimed to investigate the incidence of t-MNs following PARPi therapy in patients with ovarian or primary peritoneal cancer in Korea and to identify related risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed data of patients with ovarian or primary peritoneal cancer who received PARPi therapy between January 2015 and June 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 52 patients treated with PARPi, four were diagnosed with t-MNs. All four patients had <i>BRCA</i> mutations, and two of them had breast cancer with no evidence of disease (NED) status following treatment. All patients received radiotherapy and at least one granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) application. The median duration of PARPi therapy was 16.3 (range, 6.2-48.8) months. At the time of analysis, three patients had metastatic ovarian cancer and one maintained the NED status. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) performed in four patients revealed <i>TP</i>53 mutations and complex karyotypes in all tested patients. Among the four patients, three received only supportive care, and one was actively undergoing t-MN treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The incidence of t-MNs after PARPi therapy in the current study was higher than that of overall t-MNs, which is consistent with the results of previous studies on t-MNs after PARPi therapy. Further international studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism and clinical characteristics of t-MNs associated with PARPi therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"13 11","pages":"6018-6027"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of the CD8⁺ T-cell exhaustion signature of hepatocellular carcinoma for the prediction of prognosis and immune microenvironment by integrated analysis of bulk- and single-cell RNA sequencing data.","authors":"Jianhui Fan, Qinghua Zhang, Tiancong Huang, Haitao Li, Guoxu Fang","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-650","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-650","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent type of cancer with high incidence and mortality rates. It is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths. CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; T cell exhaustion (TEX) is a progressive decline in T cell function due to sustained T cell receptor stimulation from continuous antigen exposure. Studies have shown that CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; TEX plays an important role in the anti-tumor immune process and is significantly correlated with patient prognosis. The aim of the research is to establish a reliable CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; TEX-based signature using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), providing a new approach to evaluate HCC patient prognosis and immune microenvironment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The RNA-seq data of HCC patients were download from three different databases: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC). HCC's 10× scRNA data were acquired from GSE149614. Based on single-cell sequencing data, CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; TEX-related genes were identified using uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) algorithm, singleR, and marker gene methods. Afterwards, we proceeded to construct CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; TEX signature using differential gene analysis, univariate Cox regression analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and multivariate Cox regression analysis. We also validated the CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; TEX signature in GEO and ICGC external cohorts and investigated clinical characteristics, chemotherapy sensitivity, mutation landscape, functional analysis, and immune cell infiltration in different risk groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; TEX signature, consisting of 13 genes (&lt;i&gt;HSPD1&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;UBB&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;DNAJB4,&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;CALM1&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;LGALS3&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;BATF&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;COMMD3&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;IL7R&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;FDPS&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;DRAP1&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;RPS27L&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;PAPOLA&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;GPR171&lt;/i&gt;), was found to have a strong predictive effect on the prognosis of HCC. The Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis showed that the overall survival (OS) rate of patients in the low-risk group was higher than that of patients in the high-risk group across different datasets and specific populations. The research findings suggested that the risk score was an independent predictor of HCC prognosis. The model based on clinical features and risk score has a strong predictive effect. We observed significant differences among various risk groups in terms of clinical characteristics, functional analysis, mutation landscape, chemotherapy sensitivity, and immune cell infiltration.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;We constructed a CD8&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; TEX signature to predict the survival probability of patients with HCC. We also found that the model could predict the sensitivity of targeted drugs and immune cell infiltration, and the risk score was negatively correlated with CD8&lt;sup","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"13 11","pages":"5856-5872"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenic cell death-related signature predicts prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy in bladder cancer.","authors":"Long Guo, Na Chen, Mei Qiu, Juliang Yang, Min Zhou, Fei Liu","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-533","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immunogenic cell death (ICD) has been verified as a modality of regulated cell death (RCD). Bladder cancer (BC) is a common malignant tumor and ranks tenth in the incidence of global tumor epidemiology. We conducted this study to understand the relationship between ICD and BC and benefit clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Transcriptome and clinical profiling, mutational data of patients were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. BC patients were divided into ICD-high and -low risk subgroups via consensus clusters. Functional enrichment, somatic mutation analysis, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to explore the potential mechanism. An ICD-related risk signature was constructed via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. Immune infiltration was investigated and multiplexed immunofluorescence staining was used to validate the BC microenvironment. Immune landscape was summarized to show the potential of immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 18 differentially expressed ICD-related genes in BC were distinguished from normal tissue. We identified two clusters and BC patients were divided into ICD-high and -low subgroups in the TCGA BC cohort. The ICD-high subgroup exhibited worse clinical outcomes, different mutation profiles, different functional enrichment, higher immune infiltration, and better immunotherapy response. An ICD-related risk signature made of seven ICD-related genes was established and shown to have outstanding predictive power of prognosis via LASSO Cox regression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An ICD-related risk signature was established that provides a promising classification system to predict the prognosis in BC patients accurately. The signature provides a novel strategy for immunotherapy of BC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"13 11","pages":"5801-5814"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and validation of a novel prognostic model with palmitoylation-related genes for glioblastoma.","authors":"Guowen Qin, Gang Pang, Shuaishuai Wu, Shuiqing Bi, Shengyong Lan, Xiuwen Tang, Beiquan Hu, Junlin Zhou, Fengning Shi, Chengjian Qin","doi":"10.21037/tcr-24-787","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tcr-24-787","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most prevalent and aggressive primary brain tumor, poses substantial challenges in both treatment and prognosis. Post-translational modifications, like palmitoylation, are known to have critical roles in the development and progression of glioma. Yet, the molecular mechanisms involved in palmitoylation and its prognostic significance in GBM are still not fully understood. This study aimed to explore prognostic biomarkers for GBM based on palmitoylation-related genes and to construct a prognostic risk model.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expressions data and the clinical information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to explore palmitoylation-related mechanisms in GBM. The Cox regression analysis was performed to identify prognostic palmitoylation-related genes and the consensus clustering was used for molecular classification. The package \"limma\" was used for differential gene expression analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was applied to construct a risk signature. A nomogram model was established using the risk score and clinical variables. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to assess the predicted accuracy and clinical benefit of the model. The difference in immune cell infiltration was compared between different risk groups. The drug susceptibility analysis and immunotherapy response prediction were conducted to access the ability of the risk signature in predicting the therapeutic effect.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Based on datasets from TCGA, five palmitoylation-related genes were identified as prognostic markers, allowing for the categorization of GBM patients into two subtypes with differing survival rates. Through differential expression analysis, 570 specific genes linked to GBM advancement were uncovered. A total of seven signature genes (&lt;i&gt;COL22A1&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;IGFBP6&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;SOD3&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;UPP1&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;CA14&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;TIMP4&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;FERMT1&lt;/i&gt;) were applied to establish a prognostic risk model, which was demonstrated to be an independent prognostic indicator for patients with GBM. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicted that the GBM patients in low-risk group exhibited a better survival outcome compared the patients in high-risk group. The ROC curve analyses demonstrated that the risk score model was reliable. The nomograms showed excellent predictive ability. Two external cohort of patients from the GSE74187 and GSE83300 in the GEO database confirmed the model's strong predictive performance. The immune infiltration, drug sensitivity and immunotherapy responses were significantly different between the low- and high-risk groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Our study offers insights into the molecular classification and prognostic assessment of GBM, focusing on palmitoy","PeriodicalId":23216,"journal":{"name":"Translational cancer research","volume":"13 11","pages":"6117-6135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}