Fu-yuan LIU, En-yu GUO, Zhi-rou ZHANG, Yan-jin XU, Zong-ning CHEN, Guo-hao DU, Huan-yue ZHANG, Hui-jun KANG, Tong-min WANG
{"title":"Achieving high strength of Al−Cu−Li alloys via precipitate regulation and Cu/Li mass ratio optimization","authors":"Fu-yuan LIU, En-yu GUO, Zhi-rou ZHANG, Yan-jin XU, Zong-ning CHEN, Guo-hao DU, Huan-yue ZHANG, Hui-jun KANG, Tong-min WANG","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67107-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67107-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The precipitation behavior of Al−<em>x</em>Cu−<em>y</em>Li−Z alloys (Z=0.4Ag−0.4Mg−0.5Zn−0.3Mn−0.1Zr, in wt.%) was regulated by optimizing the Cu/Li mass ratio (2.5, 3.2, and 3.7). For the as-extruded alloys, the area fraction of fine secondary phases (<em>f</em><sub>s-d<1 μm</sub>) increases to 9.1% with Cu/Li mass ratio of 3.2, then decreases to 7.8% with a further increase of Cu/Li mass ratio. The Al−4.1Cu−1.3Li−Z alloy (CL2) exhibits the highest <em>f</em><sub>s-d<1 μm</sub> and dislocation density. The precipitation sequence of the CL2 follows: SSSS → GP zone → GP zone + <em>δ’</em> + <em>θ’</em> + <em>T</em><sub>1</sub> → <em>δ’</em> + <em>θ’</em> + <em>T</em><sub>1</sub>. In the peak-aged condition, CL2 contains <em>T</em><sub>1</sub> precipitates with the largest diameter of 162 nm and highest volume fraction of 2.1%. Consequently, CL2 achieves superior mechanical properties with yield strength of 694 MPa, ultimate tensile strength of 739 MPa, and elongation of 5.9%, which can be attributed to its highest Cu and Li contents and strongest precipitation driving force.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"36 9","pages":"Pages 2508-2524"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149125080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-throughput exploration of composition-dependent mechanical and diffusion properties of BCC Ti−V−Cr−Mo alloys","authors":"Hong-yu ZHANG, Fa-li LIU, Zhe YUAN, Wei-min BAI, Yuan YUAN, Mao-hua RONG, Jiang WANG, Li-gang ZHANG, Li-bin LIU","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67117-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67117-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Young’s modulus, hardness, wear resistance, and hot processability of BCC Ti−V−Cr−Mo alloys were evaluated using high-throughput experimental methods combined with the CALculation of PHAse Diagrams (CALPHAD) approach. Five quaternary solid/solid diffusion couples were annealed at 1473 K for 24 h. Electron probe microanalysis and nanoindentation were used to determine the composition distribution curves and mechanical properties of the diffusion couples, respectively. Atomic mobility and composition-dependent mechanical property databases for the Ti−V−Cr−Mo system were established. The highly efficient numerical inverse method enabled the high-throughput determination of interdiffusivities at 1473 K. The results indicate that BCC Ti−V−Cr−Mo alloys possess high hardness, excellent wear resistance, and good hot processability. This study provides an effective tool for selecting suitable Ti−V−Cr−Mo alloys for hydrogen storage material requirements, and also elucidates the relationship between composition and mechanical properties of Ti−V−Cr−Mo alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"36 9","pages":"Pages 2661-2672"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149125086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wan-qi PU, Chun-tang YU, Wen-ya XIAO, Wei ZHANG, Han-qing XIE, Xiao-yun LI, Shu-tao CHEN, Min FENG, Cheng-yang JIANG, Fu-hui WANG
{"title":"Effects of various oxidants on corrosion resistance and self-healing properties of Ce-based conversion coatings","authors":"Wan-qi PU, Chun-tang YU, Wen-ya XIAO, Wei ZHANG, Han-qing XIE, Xiao-yun LI, Shu-tao CHEN, Min FENG, Cheng-yang JIANG, Fu-hui WANG","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67122-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67122-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The influence of various oxidants (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, Na<sub>2</sub>MoO<sub>4</sub> and KMnO<sub>4</sub>) on the anti-corrosion and self-healing properties of Ce-based conversion coatings (CeCCs) on AM60B magnesium alloy was systematically investigated via FTIR, SEM, XRD and electrochemical techniques. The results revealed that the incorporation of Na<sub>2</sub>MoO<sub>4</sub> and KMnO<sub>4</sub> effectively suppressed crack formation in the coatings, thereby enhancing their corrosion resistance. Specifically, the CeCCs with KMnO<sub>4</sub> exhibited a total impedance of 17 kΩ·cm<sup>2</sup>, significantly higher than 7.6 kΩ·cm<sup>2</sup> observed for the oxidant-free coating. Notably, the KMnO<sub>4</sub>-modified coating demonstrated superior corrosion resistance and self-healing performance, which was attributed to the spontaneous reaction of MnOOH generated during corrosion with Mg<sup>2+</sup> and OH<sup>−</sup> to form protective layered double hydroxides. The overall effectiveness of the oxidants followed the following decreasing order: KMnO<sub>4</sub> > Na<sub>2</sub>MoO<sub>4</sub> > H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, in terms of film-forming efficiency, corrosion resistance and self-healing capability. Finally, the formation mechanism and self-healing behavior of CeCCs on AM60B were discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"36 9","pages":"Pages 2733-2749"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149125092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relationship between current density and microstructure of Ti60 alloy during multi-physical field coupling process","authors":"Ren-hai YU, Ke-min XUE, Si-liang YAN, Ping LI","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67119-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67119-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effects of pulse current on recrystallization, dislocation density, deformation coordination, and texture evolution in Ti60 alloy were investigated through an electro-assisted tensile test under five different current densities. The results demonstrate that increasing current density significantly promotes atomic diffusion and dislocation annihilation, facilitating grain boundary migration and recrystallization. Enhanced pulse currents improve deformation coordination and overall formability of the Ti60 alloy. At a current density of 30 A/mm<sup>2</sup>, two dominant textures are observed, and the presence of multiple preferred planes at this level indicates superior plasticity compared to other conditions. Moreover, the Joule heating effect below 30 A/mm<sup>2</sup> primarily activates the basal <<em>a</em>> slip system as the main slip mechanism, while the athermal effect above 30 A/mm<sup>2</sup> favors the prismatic <<em>a</em>> slip system as the dominant slip mechanism. Among the tested conditions, 30 A/mm<sup>2</sup> achieves the most favorable balance between microstructural and mechanical performance, making it the optimal current density in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"36 9","pages":"Pages 2686-2700"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149125091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hot corrosion anisotropy in La-modified CMSX-4 superalloys","authors":"Jiang-kun FAN, Yue-lin SONG, Jia-yu LI, Dian JIAO, Zhi-ying ZHU, Xiao MA, Rui-hao YUAN, Jian-bo YU, Jun WANG, Hong-chao KOU, Zhong-ming REN, Jin-shan LI","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67120-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67120-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>By integrating multiple characterization techniques including XRD, XPS, FIB-TEM, and EPMA, the anisotropic corrosion behavior of La-modified CMSX-4 superalloy was systematically studied. Results indicate that the (111) orientation exhibits better corrosion resistance during the initial stage, while the (100) orientation performs better during the propagation stage. Mechanism analysis shows that the dense atomic structure of the (111) orientation facilitates the formation of a protective surface layer in the early stage. However, during propagation, Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> formation on the (110) and (111) orientations disrupted Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> growth, while element depletion at the corrosion front impeded protective film repair. Conversely, the (100) orientation benefited from rapid cation diffusion and the surface enrichment of Ti and Cr, which enhanced oxide film stability and protective properties, ultimately ensuring superior performance. These results can provide theoretical guidance for the casting and service failure of single-crystal blades with complex geometries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"36 9","pages":"Pages 2701-2716"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149125142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interface and mechanical properties of bioinspired Al/EHEA composite prepared by selective laser melting and vacuum hot pressing","authors":"Wan-ting SUN, Kun ZHOU, Yi-lin JIA, Ji-jun WANG, Yu WANG, Ying FU, Min-qiang GAO, Ren-guo GUAN","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67112-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67112-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel nacre-like Al/eutectic high-entropy alloy (Al/EHEA) composite was fabricated using selective laser melting coupled with vacuum hot pressing. The effects of different process parameters, such as vacuum hot pressing temperature, on the interface microstructure, element distribution, diffusion thickness, and mechanical properties of the Al/EHEA composite were investigated. The results demonstrated that a robust bonding interface was achieved without the formation of intermetallic compounds, with the maximum diffusion thickness reaching 2.45 μm at 620 °C in the Al/EHEA composite. The composite processed at this temperature exhibited an average grain size of 4.73 μm, effectively enhancing ductility and toughness through the suppression of crack propagation and dislocation motion. The Al/EHEA composite exhibits a compressive strength of 182.2 MPa and an ultimate tensile strength of 280.8 MPa at 620 °C. The EHEA skeleton achieved an ultimate tensile strength of 1699.8 MPa at 620 °C, driven by the synergistic effect of the grain refinement and heterogeneous lamellar structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"36 9","pages":"Pages 2595-2609"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149125084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation of modified carbon-supported Pt nanoparticle catalyst for efficient oxygen reduction reaction via liquid-phase hydrogen reduction","authors":"Wei-feng LIU, Yong-mi WANG, Ruo-lin LIU, Shi-hao FAN, Bing FAN, Lin CHEN, Du-chao ZHANG","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67123-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67123-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A liquid-phase hydrogen reduction strategy for synthesizing highly dispersed Pt/C catalysts with enhanced oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance was proposed. The thermodynamic feasibility of reducing chloroplatinic acid to metallic platinum in solution was evaluated using HSC Chemistry software. The effects of carbon support modification and solution pH on the catalytic activity of Pt/C catalysts were studied. Air calcination of carbon materials (ECP600JD and XC-72R) significantly increased the defect density within the carbon matrix, thereby improving the anchoring efficiency of Pt nanoparticles and enhancing the catalytic stability. The prepared Pt/C (pH 6.34) catalyst exhibited uniformly dispersed Pt nanoparticles with an average size of (2.35±0.3) nm, an electrochemically active surface area of 73.04 m<sup>2</sup>/g, and a mass activity of 0.245 A/mg at 0.9 V (vs RHE). After 20000 durability cycles, the catalyst retained a mass activity of 0.189 A/mg, which is 1.47 times as high as that of commercial Pt/C (TKK) under identical testing conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"36 9","pages":"Pages 2750-2762"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149125141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhi-yuan LIU, Li JIN, Jian ZENG, Shuai DONG, Feng-hua WANG, Fu-lin WANG, Jie DONG
{"title":"Strengthening mechanisms of mechanical properties in Mg−B4C composites fabricated by powder metallurgy method","authors":"Zhi-yuan LIU, Li JIN, Jian ZENG, Shuai DONG, Feng-hua WANG, Fu-lin WANG, Jie DONG","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67115-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67115-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The influence of the volume fraction of B<sub>4</sub>C nanoparticles (B<sub>4</sub>C<sub>np</sub>) on the mechanical properties of Mg−B<sub>4</sub>C composites was investigated. Mg−<em>x</em>B<sub>4</sub>C (<em>x</em>=5 and 7 vol.%) composites were fabricated via low-energy ball milling, spark plasma sintering (SPS), and hot extrusion. The Mg−5vol.%B<sub>4</sub>C composite exhibited a Young’s modulus of 55.2 GPa, indicating a 23.5% increment over that of pure Mg and in good agreement with the results from the Hashin−Shtrikman (H−S) model. However, a higher B<sub>4</sub>C<sub>np</sub> content reduced the efficiency of modulus enhancement due to nanoparticle agglomeration and interfacial reaction. The Mg−5vol.%B<sub>4</sub>C composite also achieved yield strength and ultimate tensile strength improvements of 16.8% and 9.1%, respectively. Quantitative analysis indicated that thermal mismatch strengthening was the dominant strengthening mechanism, while both thermal mismatch strengthening and Orowan strengthening showed size-dependent behavior linked to nanoparticle clustering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"36 9","pages":"Pages 2638-2649"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149125090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kang-ni HE, Rui WANG, Guo-zheng FENG, Liang CHEN, Xiang-shan KONG
{"title":"Revealing interaction mechanisms of substitutional and interstitial solutes in metals through machine learning","authors":"Kang-ni HE, Rui WANG, Guo-zheng FENG, Liang CHEN, Xiang-shan KONG","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67090-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67090-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A machine learning method was used to uncover interaction mechanisms between substitutional and interstitial solutes in metals, using binding energy as the indicator of interaction strength. By applying classification and regression algorithms, both the sign (indicating attraction or repulsion) and magnitude of binding energy were investigated. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis reveals that the atomic volume of substitutional solutes is the most influential factor, followed by the number of unpaired electrons in the host metal and the electronegativity of substitutional solutes. SHAP-driven visualizations elucidate the decision-making process of the model, providing multi-scale insights from global patterns through local interactions down to individual sample predictions. This approach delivers intuitive, quantitative representations of feature contributions in both magnitude and direction, surpassing traditional analysis methods. Moreover, the model generates thousands of new binding energy predictions with minimal computational overhead, significantly enhancing computational efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"36 8","pages":"Pages 2233-2250"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanisms of microstructure formation and strength–ductility enhancement in Mg/Al composites via mechanical-ultrasonic vibration assisted rolling","authors":"Shao-jie TIAN, Xue-feng LIU, Wen-jing WANG, Qin-jin DAI, Yao-hua YANG, Wei-liang ZHANG","doi":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67092-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1003-6326(26)67092-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To resolve the strength–ductility trade-off in Mg/Al composites, a mechanical-ultrasonic vibration assisted rolling (M-UVAR) technique was developed. The M-UVAR composites exhibit an interfacial bonding strength exceeding 58.6 MPa, with a 22.65% increase in tensile strength and a 120% improvement in elongation compared to traditional rolling (TR) composites. The TR composites display a 10 μm transition layer of Mg<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>3</sub> and low-angle grain boundaries. However, the M-UVAR composites develop a 42 μm gradient microstructure consisting of Mg−Al solid solution, stacking faults, high-angle grain boundaries and ultrafine grains. A gradient structure is formed at the interface with increasing density toward the interface. This structure pins dislocations, restricts their motion, and promotes stacking, significantly enhancing strength. Simultaneously, the gradient microstructure improves stress/strain distribution, while ultrasound-induced defect elimination creates space for geometrically necessary dislocations, jointly boosting ductility. Ultimately, unique interfacial microstructure of M-UVAR achieves synergistic improvement in the strength and ductility of the composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23191,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China","volume":"36 8","pages":"Pages 2264-2280"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148718522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}