{"title":"On the optimal choice of wavelet bases and signal compression using the wavelet lifting scheme","authors":"M. Fahmy, G. El-Raheem, Y.M. Yaseen, A.A. Sommia","doi":"10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022652","url":null,"abstract":"A simple method is proposed for the design of biorthogonal wavelet bases. Starting from any simple orthogonal wavelets and using the wavelet lifting scheme, we show that new, completely arbitrary, biorthogonal wavelets can be constructed to suit any specific design specification. Two specific applications are considered. The first is to design biorthogonal filter banks with a perfect reconstruction (PR) property. The second application lies in choosing the best wavelet bases for signal compression. In the first application, it is shown that, unlike traditional orthogonal QMF banks, where the analysis and synthesis filters are closely related, biorthogonal filter banks have the feature that the analysis and synthesis filters can be freely chosen to meet any design specifications, while maintaining the perfect reconstruction property. The flexibility in designing these filter banks is achieved by optimizing the parameters of the lifting scheme used in their construction. In the denoising application, the strategy is to use the lifting scheme to get the optimum wavelet bases that lead to the minimum energy norm L/sub 2/ up to scale L. Illustrative examples are given to demonstrate the simplicity and efficiency of the proposed design approach.","PeriodicalId":231600,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nineteenth National Radio Science Conference","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127317712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Switched capacitor circuits and their applications, an overview","authors":"E. Saad","doi":"10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022606","url":null,"abstract":"Switched capacitor (SC) circuits are derived (designed) from passive LC ladders, RC-active circuits or digital structures. This paper reviews the different design techniques of SC-circuits and concentrates on those derived from digital structures. Also, the paper demonstrates various signal processing applications using SC-circuits.","PeriodicalId":231600,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nineteenth National Radio Science Conference","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127503044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An integrated space/terrestrial cellular architecture with different priority schemes for global mobile communications","authors":"S. E. El Dolil, A. Nofal, W. Al-Hanafy","doi":"10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022641","url":null,"abstract":"A multiple hierarchical cellular structure is proposed to handle the teletraffic load resulting from different user densities. In the lowest hierarchical level, microcells serve the highest teletraffic density, while overlaying macrocells serve both calls from areas that are difficult to be covered by microcells, as well as overflow traffic from microcells. At the highest hierarchical level, nongeostationary satellites focus their spotbeams to serve satellite-only users sparsely distributed and act as teletraffic relief for the terrestrial segment. At each hierarchical level different priority schemes are used to privilege handoff requests. A reserved channel scheme (RCS) is applied in the microcell layer, both RCS and a sub-rating scheme (SRS) are used in the macrocell layer, while in the spotbeam cell layer, RCS, SRS, and a queuing priority scheme (QPS) are implemented. An analytical teletraffic model is developed to evaluate the proposed architecture. Numerical results are presented and discussed for the new call blocking, handoff failure, forced termination and noncompletion probabilities.","PeriodicalId":231600,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nineteenth National Radio Science Conference","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125318253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation and performance of a microwave magnetic sensor","authors":"A. Abou-Elnour, M. Ibrahim, E.Y. Mohamed","doi":"10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022661","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a detector, using MOS technology, for sensing external magnetic fields in two perpendicular directions from DC up to GHz frequencies. A theoretical analysis is developed and the device sensitivity is concluded which. shows a great improvement as well as a higher resolution. Spice simulation results are confirmed well with the theoretical expectations. Finally, a linear sensor array matrix is proposed for precious detection of magnetic fields.","PeriodicalId":231600,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nineteenth National Radio Science Conference","volume":"89 19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116458437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. El Adawy, M. Aboulwafa, H. Keshk, M.M. El Tayeb
{"title":"A SOFT-backpropagation algorithm for training neural networks","authors":"M. El Adawy, M. Aboulwafa, H. Keshk, M.M. El Tayeb","doi":"10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022647","url":null,"abstract":"The backpropagation (BP) algorithm is a one of the most common algorithms used in the training of neural networks. The single offspring technique (SOFT algorithm) is a new technique (see Likartsis, A. et al., Proc. 9th Int. Conf. on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, p.32-6, 1997; Yao, X., Proc. IEEE, vol.87, p.1425-47, 1999) of applying the genetic algorithm in the training of neural networks which reduces the training time as compared with the backpropagation algorithm. We introduce a new technique. This technique is a hybrid SOFT-BP algorithm where the SOFT-algorithm is applied first to obtain an initially good weight vector. This vector is introduced to the backpropagation algorithm, which improves the precession of the weight vector to reach an acceptable error limit. The results show an acceptable improvement in the training speed for the hybrid technique as compared with the individual backpropagation or SOFT algorithm. We also study the success ratio (how many times the algorithm succeeds in finding a solution to the total number of trials) for the new hybrid algorithm. A recommended range of the switching error limit at which to switch from the SOFT algorithm to the BP algorithm is suggested.","PeriodicalId":231600,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nineteenth National Radio Science Conference","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124776280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A.K. Abou Alsoud, N. Elfaramawy, M. Attala, A. Hafez
{"title":"High efficiency silicon MIS/IL solar cells under external back bias","authors":"A.K. Abou Alsoud, N. Elfaramawy, M. Attala, A. Hafez","doi":"10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022663","url":null,"abstract":"A model to study the performance of a metal-insulator-semiconductor with induced inversion layer (MIS/IL) solar cells as the Al/tunnel-oxide/p-Si structure was developed. The solution included the effect of change in cell parameters namely: doping concentration, oxide thickness, mobile charge density and metal work function. It also included the dependence on the mobile charge density and fixed oxide charge density. A back bias applied between substrate and metal inversion grid was added to the solution. It bias found out that the efficiency is sensitive to change in external back bias. Optimization of efficiency was sought in the range, when 0<V<0.6 volt, at mobile charge density 10/sup 13/<Q/sub m/<5/spl times/10/sup 13/ (cm/sup -2/), doping concentration 3/spl times/10/sup 16/<Na<5/spl times/10/sup 16/ (cm/sup -3/), and metal work function 3</spl phi//sub m/<3.5 (eV). Numerical results show that optimum efficiency was essentially located around V=0.6 volts.","PeriodicalId":231600,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nineteenth National Radio Science Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130899284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On-line prediction of photovoltaic output power under cloudy skies by using fuzzy logic","authors":"I. Morsy, A. K. Aboul Seoud, A. El Zawawi","doi":"10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022662","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an on-line prediction technique of the photovoltaic output power under cloudy skies based on artificial intelligence. The technique takes advantage of the fact that fuzzy logic can accurately simulate nonlinear phenomena using a set of IF-THEN rules. These rules are fired partially and in-parallel. This means that, at any time, only a very limited subset of the rules is used. This enables a quick, on-line estimation of the output power of the photovoltaic cells based on the analysis of the image of the cloudy sky.","PeriodicalId":231600,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nineteenth National Radio Science Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133401393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-band based recognition of spoken Arabic numerals using wavelet transform","authors":"W. Alkhaldi, W. Fakhr, N. Hamdy","doi":"10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022626","url":null,"abstract":"Automatic speech recognition (ASR) using multi-band decomposition provides high recognition rates especially in noisy environments. The discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is known to be an efficient tool for decomposing signals into frequency sub-bands. The concept of feature recombination (FC) as applied to the recognition of spoken Arabic numerals is suggested. Utterances are decomposed using DWT before cepstral coefficients of the resulting sub-bands are calculated. The obtained coefficients are concatenated to form a single feature vector that is used as an input to the speech classifier, e.g. a hidden Markov model (HMM), to compute the likelihood. Simulation results have demonstrated that the achieved correct recognition rates using the suggested method are comparable with the full-band ASR (conventional) system.","PeriodicalId":231600,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nineteenth National Radio Science Conference","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133556830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of the buffer layer on the microwaves properties in the coplanar waveguide for LiNbO/sub 3/ optical modulators with superconducting electrodes","authors":"T. E. Taha, K.A. Mostafa, A.A. Aboul-Enien","doi":"10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022664","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of a buffer layer on the modulation bandwidth of LiNbO/sub 3/ optical modulators with superconducting and normal-conducting electrodes have been deduced by using the transverse resonance method (TRM). The analysis is based on the integral equations and the equivalent network representation of each structure. A high Tc superconducting material Yba/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-8/ (YBCO) has been used for the super-conducting electrode case. The microwave effective index (N/sub m/) as a function of the thickness and dielectric constant of the buffer layer has been computed. Also the bandwidth-length product (/spl Delta/f.L) as a function of the thickness and dielectric constant of the buffer layer has been computed. A comparison with published results is also included to check the accuracy of TRM technique's results.","PeriodicalId":231600,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nineteenth National Radio Science Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128824799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shielding effectiveness of reinforced concrete structures in cellular communication bands","authors":"H. Elkamchouchi, A. Abdelkader","doi":"10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NRSC.2002.1022621","url":null,"abstract":"The proliferation of cellular communication systems in and around man-made structures has resulted in a growing need to determine the shielding properties of various materials commonly used in buildings. This will be useful in two major branches of applications, namely radio base station planning and the effect of exposure to very near radiation sources inside buildings, especially those carrying radio base stations. This paper describes the calculation of shielding effectiveness of reinforced concrete walls of different configurations and shapes. All models are implemented via very high-resolution two dimensional (2-D) FDTD codes.","PeriodicalId":231600,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Nineteenth National Radio Science Conference","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123455674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}