Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Sequencing Genomes on The Human Longevity Project","authors":"Hameed Khan","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1231","url":null,"abstract":"Treating old age diseases to achieve human longevity is the greatest challenge. This abstract describes how human longevity is shortened by three old aged deadly diseases namely Cancer, Cardiovascular Diseases and Alzheimer. To prolong human life beyond one hundred years, we focus on the rational drug design to treat one old age disease one at a time. Our work began on Cancers starting in England and completed in America. More research fund is available by both The Royal Cancer Hospital of the University of London, England, and The National Cancer Institute (NCI) of America to develop drugs to treat Cancer than any other diseases. We describe below how novel drugs, like Aziridine Dinitro-benzamide (CB1954) was developed in England to treat Cancer in animals, such as Walker Carcinoma 256, a solid aggressive tumor in Rats and how the animal work is translated in humans, by developing AZQ (US Patent 4,146,622) a rationally designed drug to treat Glioblastoma, a solid aggressive brain tumor in human at the NCI. For the discovery of AZQ, our work was honored with, “The 2004, NIH Scientific Achievement Award” one of America’s highest awards in medicine.” Using the same rational approach, this abstract also describes how novel drugs could be developed on rational basis to treat Breast and Prostate Cancer to achieve human Longevity. Ethical issues achieving longevity are also described.","PeriodicalId":231586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114458363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Retino-Hypothalamic Ultrastructural Changes in Traumatic Optic Neuropathy","authors":"M. N.","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1227","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To study the retino-hypothalamic ultrastructural changes in traumatic optic neuropathy’s pathogenesis and treatment. Methods: Four groups of mature rabbits were included in this experiment, 30 in each group, 120 in total. The traumatic crush to the optic nerves was reproduced by surgical clips to 90 mature rabbits. The first group (I) included intact/control animals, the second (II) included animals with traumatic optic neuropathy and two other traumatized groups (III and IV) who were given two different doses of treatment. The animals in group III were given infusions of Methylprednisolone 30mg/kg/day for three days. The group IV animals received infusion of 15mg/kg/ day of Methylprednisolone for 3 days in combination with phosphine electric stimulation (PES), starting from the third until the 13th day of the experiment. The electrical pulse which was used on the affected side of the animal was 800 mА and 300 mА on the opposite side. The morphological analysis of the retina and suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus of all the four groups of animals included electron microscopy of the semi-thin and ultrathin sections. This analysis was performed a month following the initial injury while the animals were removed from the experiment. The levels of cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in the blood of all experimental animals was tested up to one month following the injury to the optic nerves. Results: We found that trauma to the orbital part of the optic nerve causes collocative necrosis of ganglion cells and swelling of the nerve fiber layer of the ipsilateral retina. In addition, such traumatic damage causes structural changes in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. Combined treatment of methylprednisolone with phosphine electro stimulation in traumatized rabbits reduced the thickness of the retina, reduced the cytokaryometric indices and the regeneration processes of bipolar and ganglion cells of the retina. Histopathologically we found an increased number of neurosecretory granules in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. ACTH levels in the blood of the group III rabbits were found to be lower, while the cortisol levels higher, and these hormone levels in the IV group rabbits were quite similar to those of the group which was not treated. Conclusion: The combined treatment of traumatic optic neuropathy in rabbits with phosphine electrostimulation and methylprednisolone can be considered a useful treatment, having a beneficial neuroprotective effect.","PeriodicalId":231586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129549564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Vaccine Associated Parkinson's Disease, A Prion Disease Signal in the UK Yellow Card Adverse Event Database","authors":"J. Classen","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1226","url":null,"abstract":"Many have argued that SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its mRNA sequence, found in all COVID-19 vaccines, are priongenic. The UK’s Yellow Card database of COVID-19 vaccine adverse event reports was evaluated for signals consistent with a pending epidemic of COVID vaccine induced prion disease. Adverse event reaction rates from AstraZeneca’s vaccine were compared to adverse event rates for Pfizer’s COVID vaccines. The vaccines employ different technologies allowing for potential differences in adverse event rates but allowing each to serve as a control group for the other. The analysis showed a highly statistically significant and clinically relevant (2.6-fold) increase in Parkinson’s disease, a prion disease, in the AstraZeneca adverse reaction reports compared to the Pfizer vaccine adverse reaction reports (p= 0.000024). These results are consistent with monkey toxicity studies showing infection with SARS-CoV-2 results in Lewy Body formation. The findings suggest that regulatory approval, even under an emergency use authorization, for COVID vaccines was premature and that widespread use should be halted until full long term safety studies evaluating prion toxicity has een complete. Alternative vaccines like the Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR) vaccine should be explored for those desiring immunization against COVID-19.Many have argued that SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and its mRNA sequence, found in all COVID-19 vaccines, are priongenic. The UK’s Yellow Card database of COVID-19 vaccine adverse event reports was evaluated for signals consistent with a pending epidemic of COVID vaccine induced prion disease. Adverse event reaction rates from AstraZeneca’s vaccine were compared to adverse event rates for Pfizer’s COVID vaccines. The vaccines employ different technologies allowing for potential differences in adverse event rates but allowing each to serve as a control group for the other. The analysis showed a highly statistically significant and clinically relevant (2.6-fold) increase in Parkinson’s disease, a prion disease, in the AstraZeneca adverse reaction reports compared to the Pfizer vaccine adverse reaction reports (p= 0.000024). These results are consistent with monkey toxicity studies showing infection with SARS-CoV-2 results in Lewy Body formation. The findings suggest that regulatory approval, even under an emergency use authorization, for COVID vaccines was premature and that widespread use should be halted until full long term safety studies evaluating prion toxicity has been complete. Alternative vaccines like the Measles Mumps Rubella (MMR) vaccine should be explored for those desiring immunization against COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":231586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117248686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy in Complex Treatment of Leptomeningeal Disease of Extracranial Solid Neoplasms","authors":"L. Marinova, R. Georgiev, N. Evgeniev","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1221","url":null,"abstract":"Leptomeningeal metastases (LM) are a severe consequence of metastatic distribution of solid malignant tumors. The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of the intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) to achieve prolonged local tumor control (LTC) in patients with LM. We present five clinical cases of leptomeningeal disease (LMD) in two patients with breast cancer (BC) and and in another three with malignant melanoma, laryngeal and renal carcinoma. The healing results after intensity modulated whole-brain radiotherapy (IM-WBRT) up to TD 40 Gy with DD 2 Gy, followed by boost radiotherapy (boost-RT) up to TD 50 Gy-54 Gy in the bulky brain metastases was presented. In BC LMD, the concominant RT with targeted therapy (TT) of trastuzumab and denosumab was performed. Leptomeningeal metastases have a poor prognosis, but precise IMRT with the realization of tolerant doses in normal brain structures and cancericidal doses in pathological brain areas achieves prolonged LTC for one year after RT with good quality of life. LMD in solid tumors requires an individual radiotherapeutic approach on a different target volume and necessary radiation doses, depending on the histological characteristic of tumor cells, as well as on the volume and localization of leptomeningeal metastases.","PeriodicalId":231586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"160 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122455487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Study on Hospital Admissions due to Pyelonephritis in Type II Diabetic Patients","authors":"Dilraj Dhillon, Thomas Randall, David Zezoff, M. Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1220","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pyelonephritis is a urinary tract infection that ascends to involve the kidneys. It can also occur as an infection secondary to bacteremia. Some pathogens that commonly cause pyelonephritis are E. coli, enterobacteriaceae, staphylococci, and pseudomonas. The initial patient presentation usually involves fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, costovertebral angle tenderness, and flank pain. Other cystitis symptoms such as dysuria, increased urinary frequency, malodorous urine, and hematuria may or may not be present. Symptoms of pyelonephritis with bacteriuria are sufficient for the diagnosis of pyelonephritis. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate a potential link between Type II Diabetes Mellitus and pyelonephritis. Methods: In this retrospective study, hospitalized patients during the study period were reviewed. Variables examined were sex, age, and length of stay. Patients were excluded if they had known urogenital abnormalities, indwelling catheters (Foley, nephrostomy, suprapubic, or who regularly perform clean intermittent catheterization), were pregnant, or were on dialysis. Results: Of 333 patients analyzed, diabetics had a longer length of stay then non-diabetics (4.49 vs 3.67 days respectively; p=0.0041) and females were significantly younger than men in hospitalized patients for pyelonephritis were (50.0 vs 63.5 years; p=<0.0001). Further, it was found that diabetics were significantly older than nondiabetics were (60.4 vs 47.3; p=<0.0001) and more diabetics getting admitted with pyelonephritis were men vs women (59.32% vs 35.27%; p=0.0007). Conclusion: Results of the study were significant in showing that of all pyelonephritis-hospitalized patients on average the length of stay was longer for diabetics and it demonstrated that female patients with pyelonephritis are significantly younger than male patients hospitalized with pyelonephritis. Of note, there was no significant difference in the length of stay for diabetic patients based on their treatment modality (diet controlled vs. oral medications vs. insulin dependent vs. combined). The study also showed that diabetics getting admitted for pyelonephritis are more men and older in age compared to the nondiabetics.","PeriodicalId":231586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125518101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can an Infection with SARS COV-2 cause or Exacerbate Rheumatoid Arthritis? Description of A Clinical Case","authors":"Cavallera A, N. C*, Mennella G, Cerrone M, Scarpato S","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1212","url":null,"abstract":"Infectious disease can activate the immune system favoring a highly inflammatory response. Rheumatoid Arthritis is a long term inflammatory disease characterized by an autoimmune trigger. What happens when SARS COV 2 infection occurs in a patient suffering from early stage of rheumatoid arthritis? In this clinical case we want to highlight that the infection by SARS COV 2 could esacerbate or precipitate a clinical picture of Rheumatoid Arthritis. This condition should make you reflect on the probable therapeutic implications.","PeriodicalId":231586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"419 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131744859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy Craniospinal Re-Irradiation of Adulthood Medulloblastoma Leptomeningeal Disease","authors":"K. Petrova, L. Marinova, Zdravko Yankov, Dimka Nikolaeva","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1193","url":null,"abstract":"For the first time in the English medical literature we present two adulthood clinical cases with medulloblastoma leptomeningeal disease (LMD) in which we have performed second craniospinal irradiation (re-CSI) using bias volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) technique. In this article we present bias volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) technique for repeated CSI (re-CSI) in two patients with adulthood medulloblastoma leptomeningeal disease (LMD). In both clinical cases (case1/case2) with adulthood medulloblastoma LMD, re-CSI has been performed using the bias VMAT technique in the area of the spinal cord up to total dose (TD) - 24 Gy/32 Gy; cauda equina up to TD- 28 Gy/38 Gy; in the cerebellum up to TD- 24 Gy/28 Gy; both cerebral hemispheres up to TD- 26 Gy/32 Gy and the cerebral ventricles up to TD-30 Gy/38 Gy with daily dose (DD)-1.8 Gy (17/21fractions). We describe in detail the stages of dosimetry planning of this radiotherapy technique, presenting its advantages and disadvantages, the observed early radiation toxicity and the possible treatment outcome. Volumetric-modulated radiotherapy with bias dose VMAT technique in adulthood medulloblastoma patients achieves improved dose homogeneity at the junction of the fields, increased compliance with the target volume and minimized dose to the organs at risk (OARs).","PeriodicalId":231586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125694805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PPARS - Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Activators and Fibrates Actions","authors":"Sidney Carvalho Fernandes, A. Saldanha, A. Margeotto, A. Gasparoto, T. L. Martinez","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1194","url":null,"abstract":"Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor sits part of the family of nuclear receptors, which has about 50 known receptors, including thyroid hormone receptors, which have the function of regulating metabolism and metabolizing and eliminating substances. These receptors, to act, must be activated by ligands, form a heterodmer with the retinoic acid receptor, recruit activating cofactors, release inhibitory cofactors to which they are bound, and then act on the responsive element of target gene. Three species of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor are known: PPARa, PPARγ and PPARβ (also known as PPARd or β/d). The prototypes of PPARa activators are the derivatives of fibricacid, of which the first representative was clofibrate, used as a lipid-lowering factor in the 1960s and 1970s. Although there may be a small variation among the various fibrates regarding the mechanism of action, these drugs are basically PPARa activators. In the action of fibrates, there is a reduction of triglycerides, with a decrease in the synthesis of VLDL, increase of HDL particles and transformation of small and dense LDL into larger, less dense LDL and with lower atherogenic potential. Fibrates are second-choice substances, and statins are the first for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia. Fibrates are efficient for the treatment of patients with low HDL-C, decrease macro and microvascular disease of diabetic patients. The recommendation is do not associate gemfibrozil with statins. Other fibrates may be associated, and preference should be given to the association of statins that are not metabolized by CYP3A4: rosvastatin, pravastatin and fluvastatin.","PeriodicalId":231586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133097577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Periodontal Ligament-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Being Used to Regenerate the Periodontal Ligament and Periodontium","authors":"Natalie J. Anderson, V. Gallicchio","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1192","url":null,"abstract":"Periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease of the tissues making up the periodontium that consists of alveolar bone resorption, recession of the gingiva, as well as damage to the periodontal ligament and cementum caused by accumulation of bacteria in the oral cavity. The method of treatment is dependent upon the depth of pocket formation and stage of disease advancement. When pockets are at a depth between 4 and 5 mm, nonsurgical treatments such as scaling, root planning, and antibiotics are used to treat. Surgical methods are used, however, when pockets are deeper than 5 mm. Both nonsurgical and surgical treatments currently used have limited capabilities to regenerate parts of the periodontium. The discovery of periodontal ligament-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their ability to generate cementoblasts, osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondroblasts, and fibroblasts in vitro that all contribute to the formation of the periodontium. This paper discusses the aims of current and future research on periodontal ligament stem cells and their potential to regenerate the periodontal ligament, as well as the entire periodontium.","PeriodicalId":231586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122447061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the Addition of Tele Health to In-Person Physical Therapy Treatment Have an Effect on Adherence to a Home Exercise Program and Perception of Progress/Recovery?","authors":"E. Donald, Rob Sillevis, Emily Goldman","doi":"10.33425/2639-944x.1189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-944x.1189","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":231586,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical – Clinical Research & Reviews","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117325059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}