Topics in companion animal medicine最新文献

{"title":"Stifle arthrodesis in dogs using semi-circular saw: Cadaveric study","authors":"Rafael Kretzer Carneiro ,&nbsp;Mariana Matos Brose ,&nbsp;Mariana de Jesus de Souza ,&nbsp;Thayse Meyer ,&nbsp;Francine Hergemoller ,&nbsp;Augusto Amadori ,&nbsp;Amanda Junqueira ,&nbsp;Renato Otaviando do Rego ,&nbsp;Márcio Poletto Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study was to develop a novel surgical technique for stifle arthrodesis in dogs using a semicircular saw for tibial and femoral ostectomies through a medial approach. Ten pelvic limbs from five canine cadavers underwent stifle arthrodesis. Prior to the surgical procedure, the limbs were radiographed to rule out musculoskeletal abnormalities. Additionally, the radiographs were used for surgical planning. For the tibial ostectomy, the center of the intercondylar eminences, the cranial limit of the tibial plateau, and the caudal cortex of the tibia were used as landmarks. In the femur, the groove of the insertion of the long digital extensor tendon and the caudal portion of the femoral cortex served as references. The most significant iatrogenic injury during the surgical procedures was the complete rupture of the long digital extensor tendon during the tibial cut in one of the stifles. Dome ostectomies facilitated interfragmentary contact, allowing for adjustment of the angulation between the fragments without the need for additional ostectomies or osteotomies. The medial approach provided a clear view of intra-articular structures without causing extensive damage to surrounding tissues. After the procedures, the limbs were radiographed to calculate angular measurements, and the final angulation (mean) of the knee joints was 134.7 ± 11°.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 100905"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141908765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycoplasma spp. pneumonia and subsequent pulmonary hypertension in a domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Treatment of <em>Mycoplasma</em> spp. pneumonia has rarely been described in domestic ferrets (<em>Mustela putorius furo</em>). A 10-month-old, 0.53 kg, female spayed domestic ferret was presented for oxygen-dependent, chronic dyspnea of one-month's duration. Physical examination findings included dyspnea, tachypnea, increased bronchovesicular sounds bilaterally, and an intermittent non-productive cough. Bloodwork abnormalities included a mild leukocytosis (8.6×10³/µL), mild neutrophilia (4.0×10³/µL), mild hypoalbuminemia (2.7 g/dL), mild hyperglobulinemia (3.3 g/dL), mild hyponatremia (147 mEq/L), and mild hypochloremia (111.4 mEq/L). Radiographs revealed a marked diffuse bronchial pattern with peribronchial cuffing, a mild main pulmonary artery bulge, distended caudal lobar pulmonary arteries, and decreased serosal detail within the abdomen. An echocardiogram revealed indications of moderate pulmonary hypertension and systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve. Polymerase chain reaction testing for <em>Mycoplasma</em> spp. was positive, and treatment was initiated with doxycycline (10 mg/kg PO q 12 h for 16 weeks), prednisolone (0.4 mg/kg PO q 12 h for 13 weeks, tapered to 0.2 mg/kg PO q 12 h for two weeks, then eventually increased to 0.7 mg/kg PO q 12 h until further notice), sildenafil (0.3 mg/kg PO q 24 h for 13 weeks), and oxygen supplementation via an oxygen cage for six weeks. On repeat echocardiogram eleven weeks after initiation of doxycycline therapy, the pulmonary hypertension had resolved. At follow up six months later, the ferret was stable on previously prescribed medications and did not require oxygen supplementation. <em>Mycoplasma</em> spp. and pulmonary hypertension should be considered in cases of respiratory distress in ferrets.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100891"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141556368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical management of squamous cell carcinoma of the canine male external genitalia: 15 cases (1994-2020)","authors":"Pavlos Natsios ,&nbsp;Kyriakos Chatzimisios ,&nbsp;Vassiliki Tsioli ,&nbsp;Dimitra Psalla ,&nbsp;Vasileia Angelou ,&nbsp;Ioannis Savvas ,&nbsp;Lysimachos G Papazoglou","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fifteen male dogs with squamous cell carcinoma of the external genitalia were admitted for further investigation and surgical management between 1994 and 2020. The dogs belonged to various breeds. Thirteen dogs were intact and two were castrated with a median age of 8 years and a median weight of 28 kg. Seven dogs were white-coated and eight nonwhite coated. Scrotal ablation and orchiectomy were performed in four dogs, partial penile amputation in two, partial penile amputation plus partial preputial ablation in one, penile amputation, and scrotal urethrostomy in seven, and local preputial excision in one dog. Postoperative complications included hemorrhage in 10 dogs, bruising at the urethrostomy site in seven, and urethrostomy dehiscence in one dog. Tumor recurrence was recorded in six dogs. Dogs with poorly differentiated tumors that had tumor recurrence had shorter survival and worse prognosis compared to those with well and moderately differentiated tumors. The mean survival time was 48.132 months. After a median follow-up of 23 months (range: 8 to 72 months), eight dogs were alive, five were euthanized and two dogs died from unrelated causes. Surgical excision seems to be a treatment option for dogs with squamous cell carcinoma of the external genitalia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100887"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhabdomyosarcoma in a Rabbit","authors":"Logan Kopp ,&nbsp;Michael Garner ,&nbsp;Kara Priest","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A geriatric Holland Lop rabbit presented for acute lameness. A pathologic fracture of the right distal femur associated with a pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma was diagnosed, and staging radiographs showed no overt metastasis upon initial presentation. The limb was amputated and submitted for microscopic examination. Immunohistochemical evaluation revealed the neoplastic cells were positive for desmin and MyoD1, and negative for cytokeratin AE1/AE3, CD204, IBA-1, and SMA. Gross, histologic, and immunohistochemical evaluation confirmed a diagnosis of pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma. The patient died 396 days after amputation, and a post-mortem examination showed metastatic sarcoma to multiple organs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100892"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141556369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective study of Monteggia fractures in 8 dogs and 1 cat","authors":"A Anatolitou ,&nbsp;AA Krystalli ,&nbsp;KI Sideri ,&nbsp;M Markou ,&nbsp;G Kazakos ,&nbsp;NN Prassinos","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Monteggia fractures (MFs) are proximal ulnar fractures with concurrent dislocation of the radial head. This retrospective study aims to report the clinical findings and discuss the treatments and outcomes in MFs cases of 9 cases. Previous medical records of the animals were reviewed for history, clinical features, radiographic findings and choice of treatment. Treatment follow-up was evaluated over the telephone by discussion with the owners. Six animals included in the study were presented 2 days after the initial trauma. Five dogs were presented after common road traffic accidents and two after unknown traumas. All dogs had type I MFs, while the cat had a type III MF. Radiographical findings showed that six animals had extra-articular ulnar fractures, while three animals had intra-articular ulnar fractures. All animals were treated with open reduction of the ulna and internal fixation surgical methods. Six ulnar fractures were stabilized with intramedullary pin(s) with cerclage wire. The clinical outcome was assessed by the owners as full function in 3 dogs, acceptable function in 2 dogs and unacceptable function in 2 dogs with intraarticular ulnar fractures. The cat case was rated as full function. One dog died from a pulmonary fat embolism. The findings presented here provide some support that cerclage wire placement could be a satisfactory method for annular ligament reconstruction as a simple and economical treatment option. Also, to the authors' knowledge, this is the third report of MFs with intraarticular ulnar fractures. In this series, comminuted, intraarticular fractures were related to major postoperative complications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100889"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of subcutaneous maropitant at two dosages for pain management in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy or orchiectomy","authors":"Maya Grayck ,&nbsp;Michelle N. Sullivan ,&nbsp;Pedro Boscan ,&nbsp;Megan Gish ,&nbsp;Laila Proença ,&nbsp;William Guerrera ,&nbsp;Sangeeta Rao ,&nbsp;Miranda J. Sadar","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To describe the effect of two doses of maropitant on pain scores, food intake, and fecal output in domestic rabbits (<em>Oryctolagus cuniculus</em>) undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy or orchiectomy.</p></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><p>26 (11 female, 15 male) rabbits from three institutions.</p></div><div><h3>Procedures</h3><p>Rabbits were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: low-dose maropitant (LDM; 2 mg/kg SC once; n=8), moderate-dose maropitant (MDM; 4 mg/kg SC once; n=10), and control (saline equivalent to 4 mg/kg maropitant SC once; n=8), administered prior to surgery. Following surgery, all rabbits were provided buprenorphine (0.06 mg/kg q 8 hours) and meloxicam (1 mg/kg q 24 hours) intramuscularly. Rabbits were monitored using video surveillance postoperatively until 24 hours after surgery or discharge from the hospital, whichever came first. Pain scores were assessed by three blinded observers, and results were grouped into early (0-4 hours), mid (5-8 hours), and late (12-24 hours) time frames. Food intake and fecal output were compared between groups. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi square, Fisher's exact tests, and a mixed model approach.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were no adverse effects with maropitant administration. Rabbits that received MDM had significantly lower pain scores in the mid-time frame and behavior scores in the late-time frame compared to controls. Male rabbits consumed more food than females and rabbits hospitalized longer than 12 hours consumed more food than those that were discharged prior. No significant differences were detected in facial grimace scale scores, food intake, or fecal production among treatment groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><p>Moderate dose maropitant decreased pain related behaviors in the mid-time frame and behavior scores in the late-time frame after surgery. Further studies are necessary to better characterize the potential use of maropitant in postoperative analgesia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100888"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios be used as markers for hypercortisolism in dogs?","authors":"Sumin Yun ,&nbsp;Taesik Yun ,&nbsp;Sijin Cha ,&nbsp;Jimin Oh ,&nbsp;Dohee Lee ,&nbsp;Yoonhoi Koo ,&nbsp;Yeon Chae ,&nbsp;Mhan-Pyo Yang ,&nbsp;Byeong-Teck Kang ,&nbsp;Hakhyun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Changes in neutrophil-to-lymphocite ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been identified in dogs with hypercortisolism (HC), but, no studies have investigated the changes in these inflammatory biomarkers as cost-effective and available parameters for the diagnosis and management of HC. This study was performed to evaluate whether NLR and PLR could be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment response in dogs with HC. This retrospective study included 67 dogs with HC, 58 dogs with non-adrenal illness (NAI), and 39 healthy dogs. NLR and PLR were compared among the three groups. Cut-off values of NLR and PLR for HC screening and percent change in biomarkers for assessing treatment response were evaluated. In addition, the NLR and PLR were compared before and after trilostane treatment. NLR and PLR were significantly higher in the HC group than in the NAI and healthy groups. The NLR cut-off value of 4.227 had a sensitivity of 67.16% and specificity of 65.52%, and the PLR cut-off value of 285.0 had a sensitivity of 56.72% and specificity of 70.69% for differentiating between dogs with HC and those with NAI, respectively. Furthermore, a significant decline in NLR was observed after treatment in the well-controlled HC group. The cutoff value of percent change in NLR to identify well-controlled HC was -7.570%; sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 63.64%, respectively. Therefore, NLR and PLR might be used cautiously as supportive biomarkers for HC diagnosis, and NLR could be a potential monitoring tool in assessing the treatment response of HC in dogs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100890"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141536317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute manganese toxicosis related to joint health supplement ingestion in two dogs","authors":"Jared A. Jaffey ,&nbsp;Tamara Chamberlin ,&nbsp;Jennifer Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two unrelated dogs residing in the same house including an 11-year-old, female spayed, mixed breed dog and a 7-year-old, female spayed, mixed breed dog ingested approximately 75 capsules of a human joint health supplement (Ligaplex I; Standard Process, WI, USA). A total of 2,062 mg of manganese was ingested between both dogs. Dog 1 developed acute fulminant liver failure and a severe coagulopathy that led to hepatic fractures and exsanguination from hemoabdomen. The estimated maximum time from ingestion of the joint health supplement to death was 36 to 48 h. Histologic examination revealed severe periportal hepatic necrosis with mild evidence of preexisiting liver disease and renal tubular epithelial necrosis. Manganese concentrations in liver and kidney tissue were severely increased. Dog 2 developed a severe acute liver injury and was hospitalized for 6 days. Therapies provided during hospitalization included intravenous fluids, maropitant, pantoprazole, N-acetylcysteine, vitamin C, S-adenosylmethionine, and silybin. The dog was treated long-term with S-adenosylmethionine, silybin, ursodiol, and vitamin C. Clinical and biochemical resolution occurred on the recheck examination that took place on day 44. The veterinary literature is comprised of only 2 reports containing 3 dogs that describe acute manganese intoxication. Here, we provide a detailed description of 2 dogs that developed manganese-induced toxicosis after ingestion of a human joint health supplement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article 100877"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141094842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presumptive spontaneous hemothorax associated to thymic involution in a dog with steroid responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA)","authors":"B Alcocer ,&nbsp;P Bou ,&nbsp;L Bosch ,&nbsp;C Torrente","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100863","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To describe an unusual case of spontaneous hemothorax resulting from thymic involution in a dog with suspected acquired bleeding dyscrasia associated with steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA).</p></div><div><h3>Case description</h3><p>A 6-month-old spayed female Golden Retriever was referred due to the sudden onset of lethargy, fever (pyrexia), loss of appetite (anorexia), and moderate neck pain. These symptoms emerged six days after an ovariohysterectomy performed by the primary veterinarian. Upon admission, the patient exhibited pale mucous membranes, tachycardia (180 bpm), bilateral muffled heart sounds and tachypnea. Abdominal and thoracic point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) were performed and revealed bilateral pleural effusion. Due to the patient's unstable condition, emergent thoracocentesis and transfusion of packed red blood cells was required. The initial work-up performed included a complete blood cell count (CBC), biochemistry profile, venous blood gas and coagulation panel (PT, APTT, fibrinogen). Pleural effusion analysis was compatible with hemothorax. Bloodwork was unremarkable including the initial coagulation panel. Further coagulation test was performed including buccal mucosal bleeding time, viscoelastic-based clot detection tests (TEG) and Von Willebrand factor antigen measurement. TEG revealed marked hyperfibrinolysis. <em>Angiostrongylus</em> vasorum and 4DX snap test were performed and yielded a negative result. Thoracic CT scan revealed the presence of a soft tissue-attenuating mass in the ventral mediastinum, thymic involution, and enlargement of the sternal and mediastinal lymph nodes. Therapy with tranexamic acid and corticosteroids at anti-inflammatory doses was initiated. Marked clinical improvement was observed within 24 hours, and after three days of hospitalization the patient was discharged. One month later, the dog was referred again for acute pyrexia, hyporexia, and neck pain which progressed to non-ambulatory tetraparesis. Neurological examination was compatible with C6-T2 lesion. MRI and cerebrospinal fluid analysis were performed and revealed a final diagnosis of steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis (SRMA) with associated intramedullary hemorrhage. Corticosteroids were started again, and the patient showed a dramatic improvement over the next 24 hours. Three weeks after the diagnosis, the dog returned to a clinically normal state. The treatment was gradually tapered over the following months, guided by regular neurological and clinical examinations and CRP measurements, without any relapses.</p></div><div><h3>New or unique information</h3><p>To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first documented case of a dog experiencing spontaneous hemothorax as a result of thymic hemorrhage/involution which, in the absence of other identifiable diseases, was attributed to a hyperfibrinolytic state induced by a severe inflammatory disease such as SRMA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 100863"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1938973624000138/pdfft?md5=0a83877c0b456299a8460ef8c9f7b7bd&pid=1-s2.0-S1938973624000138-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal and neonatal effects of epidural levobupivacaine combined with fentanyl or sufentanil for elective cesarean-section in brachycephalic breeds","authors":"Glaucia P. Kanashiro ,&nbsp;Camila M.S. Lima ,&nbsp;Isabela P.G.A. Nicácio ,&nbsp;Gabriel M. Nicácio ,&nbsp;Rejane B. Brinholi ,&nbsp;Renata N. Cassu","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this study was to compare the safety and clinical efficacy of epidural levobupivacaine combined with fentanyl or sufentanil for bitches undergoing elective cesarean-section and the impact of these anesthetic protocols on neonatal viability. The anesthetic protocol consisted of intramuscular morphine (0.2 mg/kg), followed by an intravenous bolus of propofol, in a dose sufficient to allowed the puncture of the lumbosacral space. The dogs were randomly allocated to receive 0.5 % levobupivacaine plus fentanyl (2.5 µg/kg; LF: <em>n</em> = 9) or sufentanil (1 µg/kg; LS; <em>n</em> = 11). Maternal cardiorespiratory parameters were monitored at specific time points during surgery. Intraoperative propofol supplementation was based on the presence of head and/or thoracic limb movements. Neonatal reflex responses and the Apgar score (range 0-10 points) were assessed at 5 and 60 minutes after birth. Puppy mortality rate was recorded until 24 hours after birth. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, Tukey's test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, and Fisher's exact test (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Intraoperatively, maternal cardiorespiratory variables and propofol requirements were similar between groups, with no detection of anesthetic complications. The puppy reflex responses did not differ between groups at any time point. The medians (range) of Apgar scores were lower (<em>P</em> = 0.016) in the LF [5 (1-9)] at 5 minutes in comparison with LS [6 (2-9)], while no intergroup differences were recorded at 60 minutes [LF = 8 (2-10); LS = 9 (6-10]. The total mortality rate was 4.1 %. In the LS group, no puppies died, while in the LF 8 % of the puppies died in the first 24 hours after birth (<em>P</em> = 0.11). Epidural levobupivacaine combined with fentanyl or sufentanil provided minimal maternal and neonatal adverse effects, but neither protocol enabled the performance of a C-section in 100 % of the French and English bulldogs, without propofol supplementation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 100873"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140627233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}