Topics in companion animal medicine最新文献

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of Borrelia burgdorferi antibody detection between the VetScan Flex4 and SNAP 4Dx Plus","authors":"Elise H. Krcatovich,&nbsp;Jason Workman,&nbsp;Karen Stasiak,&nbsp;Richard E Goldstein","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Two studies were developed to compare <em>Borrelia burgdorferi</em> antibody detection between the VetScan Flex4 and SNAP 4Dx Plus tests. The objective of the first study was to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of VetScan Flex4 and SNAP 4Dx Plus <em>B. burgdorferi</em> results using field sourced samples compared to a Western Blot reference method. The sensitivity and specificity of VetScan Flex4 were 81.9 % (95 % CI: 71.9 %-89.5 %) and 89.3 % (95 % CI: 85.2 %-92.9 %) respectively, and SNAP 4Dx Plus's sensitivity and specificity were 80.7 % (95 % CI: 70.6 %-88.6 %) and 92.8 % (95 % CI: 89.1 %-95.5 %) respectively. When comparing VetScan Flex4 and Snap 4Dx Plus, the Simple Kappa Coefficient estimate was 0.76 (95 % CI: 0.69-0.84) indicating substantial agreement between the two methods. McNemar's Test revealed concordance between the two methods was not statistically significant (<em>P</em> = 0.05). The objective of the second study was to evaluate whether VetScan Flex4 differentiates between <em>B. burgdorferi</em> antibodies derived from infection versus vaccination with commonly used canine Lyme vaccines. The sensitivity and specificity of the VetScan Flex4 in differentiating canine Lyme vaccination from infection with <em>Borrelia burgdorferi</em> were 100 % (Se 95 % CI: 78.2 %-100 %; Sp 95 % CI: 91.2 %-100 %). In conclusion, the VetScan Flex4 is a reliably sensitive and specific point-of-care test that is similar to Snap 4Dx Plus, can differentiate between infection and Lyme vaccination, and can be utilized by veterinarians for Lyme disease diagnosis and surveillance of <em>B. burgdorferi</em> exposure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100862"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1938973624000187/pdfft?md5=dd65bd192700c98f4072fa03e5826a69&pid=1-s2.0-S1938973624000187-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the analgesic effects of diclofenac as a premedication drug in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy","authors":"C. Mansour ,&nbsp;R. Najjar ,&nbsp;R. Chaaya","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pre-emptive analgesia consists of administering drugs such as opioids and nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs. This study aims to evaluate the intraoperative antinociceptive effects of diclofenac administered alone in premedication or combined with morphine along with its potential influence on recovery of dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. A total of 34 dogs (ASA I or II) admitted for ovariohysterectomy were randomly allocated into three groups according to the drugs given in premedication: Diclofenac (D) (<em>n</em> = 11), Morphine (M) (<em>n =</em> 13) and Diclofenac-Morphine (DM) (<em>n =</em> 10) groups. Induction and maintenance of anesthesia were standardized in all dogs. To assess intraoperative nociception, the heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded during the surgery and at predefined time points: St (steady-state), Cut (cutaneous incision), P1 (first ovarian manipulation), P2 (second ovarian manipulation) and Cerv (cervical manipulation). The dynamic variation of HR (ΔHR) and MAP (ΔMAP) over 2 min was calculated at each time point. After extubation, early quality of recovery was assessed.</p><p>Compared to St, a significant increase in HR and MAP at P1, P2 and Cerv was shown in all groups. MAP in the M group was lower at St than in the other groups. The dynamic variation of HR (ΔHR) and MAP (ΔMAP) was significantly less important at P2 and Cerv compared to P1 only in the DM group. Also, a better quality of recovery was shown in the D group compared to the M and DM groups. Diclofenac may be considered a suitable premedication drug and a part of a multimodal anesthetic approach in dogs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100861"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life threatening hemorrhage associated with a dentigerous cyst in a dog: Case report","authors":"Taylor Curley,&nbsp;Jenna K. Rooks,&nbsp;Adesola Odunayo","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100860","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100860","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dentigerous cysts are the most common type of odontogenic cysts and arise from an unerupted tooth. These cysts have stereotypical radiographic and clinical findings. They can be extremely invasive but rarely present as a life-threatening emergency. This case report describes the stabilization and treatment of a 6-year-old mixed breed dog with a dentigerous cyst with concurrent life-threatening hemorrhage. The dog presented with severe oral hemorrhage from the mandibular artery and required multiple blood transfusions. It was ultimately diagnosed with a dentigerous cyst. Complications from dental issues and potential life-threatening complications, such as this case, can be prevented by routine annual oral examination and full mouth dental radiographs if an unerupted tooth is suspected.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100860"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of a novel 108 bp deletion and five novel SNPs in PRNP gene of stray cats and in silico analysis of their possible relation with feline spongiform encephalopathy","authors":"Mervenur Güvendi ,&nbsp;Hüseyin Can ,&nbsp;Ahmet Efe Köseoğlu ,&nbsp;Sedef Erkunt Alak ,&nbsp;Cemal Ün","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative diseases affecting humans and animals. A relationship between variations in the prion gene of some species and susceptibility to prion diseases has been detected. However, variations in the prion protein of cats that have close contact with humans and their effect on prion protein are not well-known. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the variations of prion protein-encoding gene (PRNP gene) in stray cats and to evaluate variants detected in terms of genetic factors associated with susceptibility or resistance to feline spongiform encephalopathy using bioinformatics tools. For this, cat DNA samples were amplified by a PCR targeting PRNP gene and then sequenced to reveal the variations. Finally, the effects of variants on prion protein were predicted by bioinformatics tools. According to the obtained results, a novel 108 bp deletion and nine SNPs were detected. Among SNPs, five (c314A&gt;G, c.454T&gt;A, c.579G&gt;C, c.642G&gt;C and c.672G&gt;C) were detected for the first time in this study. Bioinformatics findings showed that c.579G&gt;C (Q193H), c.454T&gt;A (Y152N) and c.457G&gt;A (E153K) variants have deleterious effects on prion protein and c.579G&gt;C (Q193H) has high amyloid propensities. This study demonstrates prion protein variants of stray cats and their deleterious effects on prion protein for the first time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100859"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First description of a primary esophageal histiocytic sarcoma in a dog","authors":"Anelise Bonilla Trindade-Gerardi ,&nbsp;Camila Alves da Silveira ,&nbsp;Janyni Duz ,&nbsp;Isabella Teixeira Caçapietra Pires da Silva ,&nbsp;Tainã Normanton Guim ,&nbsp;Saulo Petinatti Pavarini ,&nbsp;Cristiano Gomes ,&nbsp;Daniel Guimarães Gerardi","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An 11-year-old male Schnauzer dog was referred for investigation of cough and regurgitation of one month duration and gradual hyporexia for the previous five months. Complete blood count showed severe leukocytosis. On ventrodorsal and lateral thoracic radiographs a soft tissue mass was visible in the craniodorsal mediastinum. Endoscopy showed esophageal dilatation and an irregular, nodular, friable, exophytic mass in the thoracic esophagus, which was invasive, vascularized and had ulcerated areas. The mass occluded approximately 90% of the esophageal lumen. The mucosa in the orad portion of the thoracic esophagus was pale and the aborad portion was hyperemic (red) with hemorrhages. The mucosa of the cervical and abdominal esophagus was macroscopically unremarkeble. Multiple biopsies using endoscopic cup biopsy forceps were taken from the mass for histopathologic analysis and a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy was performed. Histopathologic analysis of the biopsy samples was inconclusive due to the marked necrosis. The poor clinical condition of the dog precluded a more invasive approach, and palliative and supportive treatment was continued. After 100 days of follow-up, clinical signs worsened, and that day the dog had a fatal cardiac arrest due to aspiration pneumonia and sepsis. Postmortem examination showed a multilobulated mass in the esophageal wall with infiltration into the overlying esophageal mucosa and pulmonary and renal metastases. Histological examination revealed a poorly differentiated sarcoma. On immunohistochemical examination, the neoplastic cells showed marked cytoplasmic staining for vimentin and Iba-1. The proliferative rate was approximately 30% by Ki-67. Histological and immunohistochemical examination revealed the esophageal mass to be a primary histiocytic sarcoma. Histiocytic sarcoma is an extremely rare primary esophageal neoplasm in humans, and so far, there is no description in dogs. To the best of the authors knowledge this is the first case of primary esophageal histiocytic sarcoma in dogs. The clinical information reported here should improve recognition and aid in diagnosis of future cases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100856"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139718197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical insights to address canine strongyloidosis in daily practice","authors":"Antonella Colella ,&nbsp;Dora Buonfrate ,&nbsp;Federica Lo Tempio ,&nbsp;Serena Digiaro ,&nbsp;Alessandra Recchia ,&nbsp;Beatrice Greco ,&nbsp;Paola Paradies","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Canine strongyloidosis by <em>Strongyloides stercoralis</em> is a parasitic disease emerging in Europe, which represents both a veterinary clinical issue and a public health challenge because of the zoonotic potential. The disease, not yet frequent in Europe, could induce severe clinical signs in dogs; thus, an early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are desirable. The aim of the present work is to retrospectively investigate the clinical and paraclinical findings in sick dogs naturally infected by <em>S. stercoralis</em>, with particular attention to ultrasound (US) changes at the gastrointestinal level. Twelve dogs were included in the study. The diagnosis was made by means of larval morphological identification on faecal samples and PCR. Most dogs presented with gastrointestinal signs; diarrhea and weight loss were the most common presenting complaint. Only one dog showed respiratory signs, associated to a parasitic cutaneous nodule. Hypoproteinaemia, anaemia, leucocytosis and an increase in alpha2-globulin fraction at serum protein electrophoresis were common (&gt;50%) but not constant findings. The most reported US picture was a fluid-filled, distended, atonic small intestine mostly associated with altered wall layering, while the wall thickness commonly associated with chronic enteritis was only rarely reported. These changes, associated with other clinical and paraclinical alterations, could increase the suspicion of canine strongyloidosis and may direct clinicians to include strongyloidosis in the differential diagnosis of dogs with diarrhea. The histological examination at the intestinal level, available in five dogs, revealed the presence of parasites from the full-thickness biopsy, but not from the endoscopic biopsy. The critical points of diagnosis in clinical practice are also discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 100845"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1938973624000011/pdfft?md5=9282d341c18d039433a319eab089ee9f&pid=1-s2.0-S1938973624000011-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139105368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 in neuroinflammation of canine brains","authors":"Taesik Yun ,&nbsp;Sanggu Kim ,&nbsp;Yoonhoi Koo ,&nbsp;Yeon Chae ,&nbsp;Dohee Lee ,&nbsp;Hakhyun Kim ,&nbsp;Mhan-Pyo Yang ,&nbsp;Byeong-Teck Kang ,&nbsp;Soochong Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100847","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100847","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a signaling lipid mediator that is involved in multiple biological processes. The S1P/S1P receptor (S1PR) signaling pathway has an important role in the central nervous system. It contributes to physiologic cellular </span>homeostasis<span><span> and is also associated with neuroinflammation. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the expression of S1PR in dogs<span><span> with meningoencephalitis of unknown etiology (MUE) and </span>experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis<span> (EAE). The analysis used 12 brain samples from three neurologically normal dogs, seven dogs with MUE, and two </span></span></span>canine EAE models. Anti-S1PR1 antibody was used for </span></span>immunohistochemistry<span>. In normal brain tissues, S1PR1s were expressed on neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes<span>, and endothelial cells<span>. In MUE and EAE lesions, there was positive staining of S1PR1 on leukocytes. Furthermore, the expression of S1PR1 on neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and endothelial cells was upregulated compared to normal brains. This study shows that S1PR1s are expressed in normal brain tissues and leukocytes in inflammatory lesions, and demonstrates the upregulation of S1PR1 expression on nervous system cells in inflammatory lesions of MUE and EAE. These findings indicate that S1P/S1PR signaling pathway might involve physiologic homeostasis and neuroinflammation and represent potential targets for S1PR modulators to treat MUE.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 100847"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139104693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reporting perceived capability, motivations, and barriers to reducing treat feeding amongst dog and cat caregivers","authors":"Shelby A. Nielson ,&nbsp;Deep K. Khosa ,&nbsp;Katie M. Clow ,&nbsp;Adronie Verbrugghe","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Obesity remains a significant concern for dogs and cats, and reducing or eliminating treats is commonly recommended as a strategy for weight management. Caregivers can struggle with adherence to such dietary recommendations. Previous research suggests caregivers are reluctant to reduce treats but there is limited understanding of the underlying factors contributing to these behaviours and decisions. The objective of this study was to explore caregivers’ motivations and barriers to reducing treat feeding, and their reported capability to do so. An online questionnaire including multiple choice and Likert scale questions was disseminated to dog and cat caregivers (n=1053) primarily from Canada and the USA from September to November 2021. Caregivers commonly expressed a wide range of motivations to reduce treat feeding with their pet, though barriers to reducing treat feeding were less defined. Changing their pet's routine was a reported barrier by more than 30% of respondents and was predictive of caregivers finding reducing treat giving to be difficult (OR=1.67, p=0.017). Results from multivariable logistic regression also revealed that caregivers who consider their companion animal to be obese as more likely to perceive reducing treats to be difficult. The results highlight the role of treats in the relationship and routine of caregivers’ and their pets, and the importance of considering the individualised needs and circumstance of the caregiver and pet in veterinary discussions surrounding reducing treat feeding. Identifying these perspectives can improve self-efficacy with veterinary nutrition recommendations surrounding treats.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"60 ","pages":"Article 100846"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1938973624000023/pdfft?md5=7e33114ed479b44eb99382fb3083c303&pid=1-s2.0-S1938973624000023-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139104695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allele and genotype frequencies for primary hereditary cataract, multifocal retinopathy 1, and degenerative myelopathy in Pyrenean Mountain dog from Italy","authors":"R. Moretti ,&nbsp;G. Massimello ,&nbsp;S. Chessa ,&nbsp;S. Sartore ,&nbsp;A. Tranchero ,&nbsp;M. Profiti ,&nbsp;P. Sacchi","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pyrenean Mountain Dog (PMD) is an ancient dog breed firstly described in XIV century in the Pyrenees Region and nowadays diffused both in Europe and in the US. Hereditary Cataract (HC), defined as the inherited opacity of the lens, involves clinical signs ranging from reduced vision to glaucoma. A molecular basis of HC was firstly described in Staffordshire Bull Terriers and then reported in multiple canine breeds. The HC-associated variation is a single nucleotide deletion in <em>HSF4</em> gene that introduces a premature stop codon (c.962del, p.Ala321*). Multifocal Retinopathy 1 (MR) is an ocular disorder characterized by multiple areas of retinal degeneration, caused in various dog breeds (including PMD) by a single nucleotide variant (SNV) in <em>BEST1</em> gene that generates a premature stop codon (c.73G&gt;A, p.Arg25*). Degenerative Myelopathy (DM) is an adult-onset, progressive neurodegenerative disease and it is associated to a SNV in <em>SOD1</em> gene causing a change in aminoacidic sequence of the protein (c.118G&gt;A, p.Glu40Lys). This causative variant has been described in various dog breeds, including PMD. Aim of this study was to determine the allele frequencies for the abovementioned three genetic diseases in the Italian breeding PMD population. The survey found no dogs carrying the allele (deletion) associated with HC, while three dogs (6 %) were heterozygous (G/A) for the MR-associated variant, and seven dogs (13 %) were heterozygous (G/A) for the DM-associated alteration, indicating that the variant alleles frequency were 0  %, 3 %, and 7 %, respectively. Appropriate mating management is suggested for the prevention of genetic diseases spreading in the PMD population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100844"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1938973623000843/pdfft?md5=475f11cdf73a5574f71ff81d9c0ba638&pid=1-s2.0-S1938973623000843-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138565738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between systolic blood pressure and target organ damage in naturally occurring cases of systemic hypertension in the dog","authors":"Priyanka Mahadappa ,&nbsp;K. Jeyaraja ,&nbsp;P.S. Thirunavakkarasu ,&nbsp;Narayanan Krishnaswamy","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>Chronic elevation in the systolic blood pressure (SBP) adversely affects the lifespan in the </span>dog<span><span> by causing injury to the eye, heart, kidney and </span>brain. Understanding the association between SBP and target organ damage (TOD) helps in risk categorization and treatment planning. Therefore, a prospective study was undertaken to find the association between SBP and renal resistive index (RI) in naturally occurring cases of </span></span>canine<span> systemic hypertension. Based on the ACVIM guidelines 2018, dogs (n=135) were categorized into four risk groups of SBP, </span></span><em>viz.</em><span>, A (minimal), B (low), C (moderate), and D (high). Ophthalmoscopy and echocardiography<span> were used to assess ocular and cardiac changes, respectively. Nephrosonography, urinalysis, and RI were used to assess kidney damage. Odds ratio (OR) was used to quantify the risk of TOD for different categories of SBP. One-way Anova with Tukey's </span></span><em>post-hoc</em><span> test was used to test the effect of different SBP risk groups on urine protein creatinine ratio (UPC) and RI as well as the effect of number of TOD on the RI. Pearson's correlation test was done to see the relation of SBP with UPC and RI. Tortuous retinal vessels were common in group B with an OR of 11 (95% CI: 0.59-207). Retinal hemorrhage and left ventricular hypertrophy were common in group D with an OR of 13 (95% CI: 0.67-234) and 11 (95% CI: 0.61-207), respectively. A significant strong positive correlation of SBP with UPC (R</span>²=0.65) and RI (R²=0.58) was observed. The renal RI significantly increased when the number of TOD was ≥ 2. It was concluded that SBP and RI are associated with the number and severity of TOD and might be valuable in risk classification in hypertensive dogs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 100843"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138049107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}