Topics in companion animal medicine最新文献

{"title":"Effect of a constant rate infusion of ketamine on left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in dogs anesthetized with propofol","authors":"Guilherme Andraus Bispo ,&nbsp;Thaís Cabral de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Matheus Fujimura Soares ,&nbsp;Izabella Pazzoto Alves ,&nbsp;Élen Almeida Pedreira de Souza ,&nbsp;Carlos Eduardo de Siqueira ,&nbsp;Marilda Onghero Taffarel ,&nbsp;Wagner Luis Ferreira ,&nbsp;Paulo Sergio Patto dos Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of a constant rate infusion of ketamine on left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in dogs anesthetized with propofol.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Prospective randomized, blinded clinical study.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>Sixteen healthy dogs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Dogs were randomized into two groups, the propofol-ketamine group (GPK) and propofol group (GP), with eight animals each. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with a constant rate infusion (CRI) of propofol at a rate of 0.8 mg/kg/min. All dogs were mechanically ventilated throughout the study. Thirty-five minutes after anesthesia started, the GPK received a bolus of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg IV, over 2 minutes) followed by the CRI of ketamine at 30 μg/kg/min, while the GP received the same volume of 0.9% NaCl over 2 minutes followed by the CRI of 0.9% NaCl at the same rate. Hemodynamic and echocardiographic variables were recorded 15 min after initiating CRI of propofol (M0), immediately after each treatment bolus (M1), and 20 (M2) and 40 min (M3) after initiating CRI of ketamine or 0.9% NaCl solution in both groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cardiac index, stroke index, and peripheral vascular resistance index were not significantly different between treatments. No significant differences in left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions derived from echocardiographic variables were observed between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>During treatment with CRI of ketamine at the proposed rate, hemodynamic parameters and echocardiographic variables, used to measure left ventricular systolic and diastolic function, were maintained stable in healthy dogs anesthetized with propofol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 100931"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142776162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is anti-müllerian hormone useful for monorchidism diagnosis in the tomcat?","authors":"Florin Petrișor Posastiuc ,&nbsp;Nicolae Tiberiu Constantin ,&nbsp;Cătălin Micșa ,&nbsp;George Nicolae ,&nbsp;Alexandru Ilie Diaconescu ,&nbsp;Mario Darius Codreanu ,&nbsp;Andreea Iren Șerban ,&nbsp;Ann Van Soom","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monorchidism is an uncommon condition in tomcats, defined by the congenital absence of one of the testicles. Due to the lack of information regarding possible biomarkers, most monorchidism cases require laparotomy in order to differentiate it from cryptorchidism. Human data suggest that monorchid patients have lower serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels when compared to cryptorchids, premises that has been also scrutinized in veterinary medicine. Here, we describe a case of monorchidism in a tomcat, focusing on the clinical findings and the dynamics of AMH serum levels before and after the removal of the singularly identified testicle. To contribute to the limited knowledge of AMH levels across different reproductive statuses in tomcats, the findings from this monorchid case were compared to values obtained from two cryptorchid tomcats (one unilateral and one bilateral), three intact tomcats, and three castrated tomcats. In addition, clinical, histopathological and ultrasound examinations were conducted in all tomcats. The AMH levels in the monorchid tomcat revealed a consistent decrease after surgery, from 27.3 ± 0.2 ng/ml when the testicle was still present, to 2.3 ± 0.2 ng/ml 1 week later, and further decreasing below the detection limit (&lt;0.15 ng/ml) for the last 2 weeks of the trial, matching the AMH level of the castrated male. AMH serum levels of the bilateral and unilateral cryptorchid tomcat (22.5 ± 0.3 ng/ml; 24.1 ± 0.2 ng/ml) were in agreement with those of the three intact males (19.1 ± 2.2 ng/ml) and the monorchid prior to surgery. AMH testing effectively confirmed the absence of testicular tissue after unilateral orchiectomy in a monorchid tomcat but did not differentiate between monorchidism and cryptorchidism. To our knowledge, this is the first case of monorchidism in tomcats, in which AMH levels before and after surgery have been determined.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 100947"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trazodone-gabapentin association increases sedation scores with mild hemodynamic and echocardiographic impact in healthy cats","authors":"Ellen Cristina Siepmann,&nbsp;Estela Dall’ Agnol Gianezini,&nbsp;Maria Eduarda Ruaro,&nbsp;Luciana Wolfran,&nbsp;Caique Aparecido Faria,&nbsp;Fabiola Bono Fukushima","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the increasing use of drugs to facilitate feline management in veterinary care, there is still a lack of information on the anxiolytic and sedative effects and their specific physiological impacts. We aimed to compare the sedative, hematological, biochemical and cardiovascular effects of oral single-dose trazodone and gabapentin, alone or in combination, in 8 healthy adult mixed-breed domestic cats on a prospective, randomized, cross-over, and placebo-controlled study. Cats were assigned to receive an oral single dose of trazodone (50 mg) (TG), gabapentin (100 mg) (GG), trazodone (50 mg) and gabapentin (100 mg) (GTG), or placebo (PG). Sedation score, physiological, hematological, biochemical, and cardiovascular variables were assessed at baseline and 120 minutes after drug administration. The mean dose of trazodone was 12.1± 1.1 mg/kg and gabapentin 24.2± 2.3 mg/kg. All data were normally distributed. Blood tests remained within the reference range, but plasma protein increased by 3.78 % in TG. Trazodone alone and associated with gabapentin significantly reduced respiratory rate and systolic blood pressure compared to baseline and placebo. GTG showed a reduction in heart rate and the highest sedation scores. Short-duration excitatory reactions were observed in 37.5 % of the cats in GTG and 12.5 % in TG. Isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT) increased in GTG and differed statistically from GG. On ECG, no clinically relevant changes were observed. The association of trazodone (50 mg/cat) and gabapentin (100 mg/cat) increases sedation scores compared to gabapentin alone, with a mild impact on HR, RR, BP, and IVRT in cats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 100945"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of diagnostic accuracy and inter-pathologist agreement in telecytology performed for canine round cell tumours using images captured by a smartphone camera","authors":"Lakshitha Piyum ,&nbsp;Thamali Manathunga ,&nbsp;Yashoda Wickramasinghe ,&nbsp;Nishadi Bandaranayaka ,&nbsp;Kavindhya Senarathne ,&nbsp;Vidura Gajanayaka ,&nbsp;Harsha Ariyarathna","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neoplasia is a common disease in companion animals. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of neoplasia often leads to a better disease outcome. Cytology is an inexpensive and minimally invasive method frequently used to diagnose neoplasia. However, the physical distance between veterinary practices and pathologists often impedes rapid diagnosis. Telecytology facilitates rapid interpretation of cytology results leading to prompt diagnosis. Smartphone cameras have been suggested as an alternative to image-capturing devices used in conventional telecytology. This project was designed to evaluate whether telecytology with smartphone cameras can be effectively used to diagnose canine round cell neoplasms. For this purpose, five round cell tumours [lymphoma, mast cell tumour (MCT), transmissible venereal tumour (TVT), plasmacytoma and histiocytoma] were imaged using a smartphone camera and the images were sent to two pathologists at distant locations via emails. For each tumour type, the cytopathological diagnosis from the two pathologists was compared with the histopathological diagnosis of the same tumour and the agreement was determined by Cohen's kappa test. Inter-pathologist variability was also determined using the same test. The diagnostic agreement between histopathology and cytopathology was excellent (κ = 1.0) for lymphoma and MCT when x10 objective images were used. Variable agreements were reported for TVT, plasmacytoma and histiocytoma. When both 10x and 40x objective images were used, diagnostic agreement between histopathology and cytopathology was excellent for all tumours except histiocytoma. The inter-pathologist agreement was excellent for lymphoma, MCT and TVT using the 10x objective, while with the 40x objective it was excellent for all tumours except histiocytoma. The diagnostic accuracy was greater when both 10x and 40x objective images were used for diagnosis than when only 10x objective images were used (χ2 = 40.0, p = &lt; 0.001). The use of images obtained using 10x and 40x objectives increased the diagnostic accuracy compared to the use of only 10x objective. These findings suggest that telecytology performed with smartphone cameras is a promising method to rapidly diagnose canine round cell tumours. Future studies with larger number of samples and samples with atypical presentations of round cell neoplasms will be helpful to further elaborate the present findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 100946"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proximal tibial osteotomies for treating grade IV medial patellar luxation in two feline stifles","authors":"Gabriela Mariano da Silva ,&nbsp;Alefe Luiz Caliani Carrera ,&nbsp;Olicies da Cunha ,&nbsp;Bruno Watanabe Minto ,&nbsp;Eloy Henrique Pares Curuci","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>There is a lack of literature regarding the surgical management of high-grade patellar luxation in cats. Among the available options, corrective osteotomies are suitable for correcting severe bone deformities. Therefore, this study aimed to report on the surgical management of grade IV medial patellar luxation (MPL) through tibial corrective osteotomies in two cats.</div></div><div><h3>Material and Methods</h3><div>The two cats were diagnosed with grade IV MPL. The marked alterations observed in radiographic and tomographic images indicated external tibial torsion of 15.7° and 21.8°, concomitant with tibial valgus of 13.9° and a tibial plateau angle (TPA) of 20°, respectively. For surgical treatment, chrondoplasty was performed in Case 1, and block recession trochleoplasty in Case 2, followed by a combination of techniques originally developed for dogs. Proximal total tibial osteotomy (PTO) was combined with medial crescentic closing wedge osteotomy (MCCWO) for one case and with cranial closing wedge ostectomy (CCWO) for the other case.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Satisfactory postoperative results were obtained for both cats, resulting in realignment of the stifle extensor mechanism, with both tibial torsions close to 0° in subjective analysis. Additionally, a mechanical medial proximal tibial angle of 91° and a mechanical medial distal tibial angle of 99.3° were achieved for the first cat, whereas a TPA of 9.2° was achieved for the second cat. No major complications were observed, and the cats showed an early return to weight-bearing on the affected limb.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Both cases highlight that tibial corrective osteotomies are suitable for cats and may play a role in the decision-making process for treating high-grade MPL. Moreover, a combination of PTO with MCCWO or CCWO may help achieve satisfactory outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 100944"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of postoperative hyperbaric oxygen therapy on hematological and biochemical parameters in patients diagnoses with pyometra in sepsis","authors":"Emanuelle Bortolotto Degregori ,&nbsp;Pâmela Caye ,&nbsp;Ana Barbara Uchoa Soares ,&nbsp;Otávio Henrique de Melo Schiefler ,&nbsp;Bernardo Nascimento Antunes ,&nbsp;Rainer Da Silva Reinstein ,&nbsp;Francieli Mallmann Pozzobon ,&nbsp;Vitória Pina Tostes ,&nbsp;Rainier Augusto Rovêda ,&nbsp;Vinicius da Silva Cadiñanos ,&nbsp;Cinthia Melazzo de Andrade ,&nbsp;Maurício Veloso Brun ,&nbsp;Daniel Curvello de Mendonça Müller","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on hematologic and biochemical markers in dogs with pyometra in sepsis. Eighteen patients were equally distributed between the control group (CG) and the hyperbaric group (HG). All patients underwent ovariohysterectomy, supportive therapy, and insertion of a central venous catheter. HG attended three HBOT sessions (2 absolute atmospheres, 45 min) postoperatively. Blood tests were performed on admission, 1 h postoperatively, 24 h, 48 ​​h, and 72 h postoperatively. Both groups showed a significant reduction in red blood cells (Hm) and hematocrit (Hto) after surgery, but this effect was reversed after three HBO sessions and maintained in CG. Despite the initial reduction in hemoglobin (Hg) in HG, the values ​​increased again after the end of the protocol. A reduction of &gt;50 % in leukocytes was noted in HG in the last evaluation in relation to the values ​​at admission. Significant reduction was also found for neutrophils, metamyelocytes and rods in HG. There was no difference in biochemical markers. HBO associated with OVH and supportive therapy can be considered in the treatment of pyometra, with rapid and marked improvement, after three sessions, in the e red blood cells and leukogram.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 100943"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142831434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Curvularia species causing disseminated phaeohyphomycosis in a dog","authors":"Jared A. Jaffey ,&nbsp;Connie F. Cañete-Gibas ,&nbsp;Nathan P. Wiederhold ,&nbsp;Carmita J. Sanders ,&nbsp;Jason D. Struthers ,&nbsp;Annalise Black ,&nbsp;BinXi Wu ,&nbsp;Kara S. Thomas ,&nbsp;Patricia Bennett ,&nbsp;Jessica Watt","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phaeohyphomycosis is an uncommon disease caused by dematiaceous fungi that is almost exclusively found in immunocompromised dogs. Here we describe the case of a dog treated with prednisone (1.1 mg/kg/day) and cyclosporine (11.2 mg/kg/day) for immune thrombocytopenia that developed cutaneous/subcutaneous lesions affecting both forelimbs 29 days after initiation of immunosuppression. The owner elected conservative outpatient treatment that consisted of wound care, antibiotics, mirtazapine, maropitant, and a dose reduction of prednisone (0.3 mg/kg/day) in lieu of biopsies or cultures. The dog was subsequently euthanized 13 days later because of an acute onset of increased respiratory rate and effort, obtunded mentation, and an inability to ambulate. Postmortem examination revealed widespread fungal dissemination in the heart, pericardium, intercostal muscles, lymph nodes, skin, subcutis, kidneys, lungs, pleura, and nasal cavity. Histopathology of the widespread plaques and nodules revealed fungal hyphae that were 4-8 µm in diameter, pigmented, variably septate, non-parallel, and toruloid with acute branching and occasional terminal bulbous dilations up to 20 µm in diameter, resembling chlamydoconidia. Yeast-like cells had a thick, variably pigmented wall and internal, foamy to granular, pale amphophilic contents. Fungal culture of swabs from the right elbow subcutaneous granulomas and from the left lateral pleural nodules yielded pure growth of <em>Curvularia</em> sp. Genomic DNA was extracted from harvested mycelia and molecular sequencing confirmed the presence of a novel <em>Curvularia</em> sp., C. <em>arizonensis.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 100939"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case of renal eventration in a domestic cat","authors":"Yury Carantino Costa Andrade ,&nbsp;Cicera Paloma de Sousa ,&nbsp;Lara Vilela Soares ,&nbsp;Ana Paula Prueza de Almeida Luna Alves ,&nbsp;Anne Karoline Mendes da Silva ,&nbsp;Ana Beatriz de Castro Lima ,&nbsp;Thamara Barrozo Sampaio ,&nbsp;Ana Luiza Teixeira Amado Jorge ,&nbsp;André Eduardo Schlemper ,&nbsp;Natani Silva Reis ,&nbsp;Sofia Borin-Crivellenti ,&nbsp;Leandro Zuccolotto Crivellenti","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This case report discusses a unique case of renal eventration in a cat resulting from a lumbar hernia possibly of traumatic origin. A two-year-old indoor/outdoor male neutered domestic shorthair was evaluated for a rapidly growing mass noted in the right lumbar region. Initial physical examination revealed a firm, circular and slightly mobile mass in the lumbar region, along with pain and tenderness on palpation. Abdominal ultrasound revealed muscle discontinuity in the lumbar region consistent with a hernia, with eventration of the right kidney possibly caused by abdominal trauma. A paralumbar celiotomy was performed over the area of increased volume, revealing the right kidney with a hematoma on its surface and partial rupture of the renal capsule. The muscular defect was identified, and the kidney replaced in its anatomical location. The patient recovered quickly and was discharged from hospital 46 h later, with no reported complications. Recheck 2 months post-operatively confirmed unremarkable biochemical assessment (creatinine, urea and USG within normal limits) and abdominal ultrasound findings, and 2 years post procedure the patient remained clinically well. This unusual case emphasizes the importance of including renal eventration in the differential diagnosis for acutely presenting masses in the lumbar region of cats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 100932"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142796741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of canine and feline tumors in Morocco: Results of a prospective observational study of 250 cases (2020-2023).","authors":"Nadia Laissaoui ,&nbsp;Yolanda Millán ,&nbsp;Daniela Simon Betz ,&nbsp;Meryem El Mrini ,&nbsp;Najat Lamalmi ,&nbsp;Rahma Azrib ,&nbsp;Noursaid Tligui","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work aimed to evaluate the histologic tumor types and patient characteristics of canine and feline neoplasias in Morocco. In a prospective, observational study, 250 tumor samples were collected from veterinary clinics in Morocco. For each case, breed, age, sex, neuter status, and tumor site and histotype were analyzed. Among the 250 tumors, 201 (80.4%) were from dogs and 49 (19.6%) from cats. Most common tumor location in dogs was the reproductive tract (36.8%), followed by skin and soft tissues (27.4%) and mammary gland (14.9%). In cats, most tumors originated from the skin and soft tissues (55.1%), followed by mammary gland (20.4%) and oral cavity (14.3%). Commonest canine histologic tumor types were transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT<span><span>¹</span></span>) (31.8%) and mammary carcinoma (14.4%). Squamous cell carcinoma (34.7%) and mammary carcinoma (20.4%) represented the most frequent feline neoplasms. Median age of dogs and cats at diagnosis was 7 and 10 years, respectively. Gender distribution was even in dogs; in cats, females were overrepresented. Most cats and about half of dogs were mixed-breed. The evaluated canine and feline neoplasias show differences in their tumor types and patient characteristics when compared to populations from other countries, in part based on the high number of CTVT and - possibly solar-induced –feline skin tumors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 100929"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological biomarker patterns, venom detection and venom proteomics in canine Vipera berus envenomation","authors":"Tove V. Nicolaysen ,&nbsp;Hannah J. Harjen ,&nbsp;Heidi S. Lund ,&nbsp;Bente K. Sævik ,&nbsp;Runa Rørtveit ,&nbsp;Karin E. Zimmer","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Vipera berus</em> (<em>V. berus</em>) bites are associated with high morbidity, including kidney injury, in dogs. Although antivenom is often used and perceived effective to treat this type of snakebite, it is costly and associated with adverse events and specific diagnostics for this type of snakebite are lacking. We sought to improve diagnostics in <em>V. berus</em> envenomation by using currently available tools, including evaluating urinary albumin as a biomarker for snakebite-associated kidney injury. Additionally, we planned to adapt a method from human medicine for venom detection in clinical samples from bitten dogs and describe the composition of Norwegian <em>V. berus</em> venom. Serum biochemical analytes and urine albumin (ELISA) were measured in samples collected at 24 hours and two weeks after bite in 29 envenomated dogs. An adapted ELISA was applied to detect venom in urine and plasma collected from 25 cases between presentation and 24 hours after bite, using a commercial antivenom as the capture and detection antibody. Proteomic analysis of venom collected from 11 <em>V. berus</em> was performed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Elevated serum C-reactive protein, creatine kinase, and aspartate aminotransferase were common for the case group. Although no case dogs showed acute kidney injury with azotemia and/or reduced urine output, elevated urinary albumin concentrations may indicate early or mild kidney injury in some case dogs. The venom ELISA detected positive signals in both plasma and urine for up to 24 hours after bite. However, with false positives detected in plasma, urine seemed to be the most appropriate body fluid for this assay. The venom proteome identified L-amino acid oxidases as the dominant component. In conclusion, serum biochemical and urinary albumin analyses are useful tools for evaluating canine <em>V. berus</em> envenomation. The venom ELISA is proposed as a promising tool for studies of <em>V. berus</em> envenomation and future diagnostic test development. Venom from the studied Norwegian <em>V. berus</em> was shown to differ considerably from previous reports from other countries, implying geographical variation in composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"63 ","pages":"Article 100930"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}