Topics in companion animal medicine最新文献

{"title":"Case series of maggot debridement therapy demonstrates safety and efficacy for treating problematic wounds in cats and dogs in Mexico","authors":"Alicia Fonseca-Muñoz ,&nbsp;Aremí C. Lujano-Guzmán ,&nbsp;Albert Nguyen ,&nbsp;Ronald A. Sherman","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wound care is a common problem in small animals. Antimicrobial resistance, biofilm, time constraints, and the cost of surgery or specialized dressings hinder efforts to deliver prompt wound healing. Maggot therapy has been very effective in human and equine wound care, but very little research has evaluated its safety and efficacy in dogs and cats. This study was initiated to evaluate the utility, efficacy, and safety of maggot debridement therapy for wound care in a small animal veterinary practice in Mexico.</div><div>Six cats and four dogs were treated with maggot debridement therapy when their wounds failed to respond to conventional therapy. Treatment was administered by applying 8-10 larvae per cm² surface area directly on the wound bed and covering the wound with a sterile polyester mesh, sutured to the skin. These were left on the wound for cycles of approximately 48 h (24-72 h); the cycles were repeated if &gt;20 % necrotic tissue remained after treatment.</div><div>Review of these cases revealed that 80 % of treated wounds achieved 100 % debridement within 48-96 h of treatment. An additional 10 % (one wound) achieved 80 % debridement within only 24 h of treatment. One animal failed to show improvement: a 3-year-old cat with an infected bite wound, which drained voluminously and drowned the maggots. This animal was deemed not to be an appropriate candidate for maggot debridement therapy, and treatment was terminated after just 12 h. Ultimately, this wound was debrided and closed surgically. No complications were encountered other than mild discomfort in one cat.</div><div>These results support claims that maggot debridement therapy is relatively safe and effective for treating problematic dog and cat wounds. Veterinarians should consider including maggot debridement among their treatment options for problematic wounds. Controlled clinical trials should be performed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"66 ","pages":"Article 100964"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143627289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Rhodococcus equi isolated from pyogranulomatous lesions in cats from Brazil","authors":"Jamilly Rosa dos Santos ,&nbsp;Renata Dalcol Mazaro ,&nbsp;Alana Pivoto Herbichi ,&nbsp;Rafael Almeida Fighera ,&nbsp;Andrea Maria Lazzari ,&nbsp;Sabrina dos Santos Costa Poggiani ,&nbsp;Agueda Palmira Castagna de Vargas ,&nbsp;Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel ,&nbsp;Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to describe and provide a laboratory characterization of three cases of <em>Rhodococcus equi</em> isolates from pyogranulomatous lesions in domestic cats in Brazil, collected between 2015 and 2021. Swabs and aspirates from nodular skin lesions located in the abdominal region (Case 1) and thoracic limbs (Cases 1–3) were subjected to microbiological culture, biochemical and molecular analyses, evaluation of biofilm formation capacity, and antimicrobial sensitivity testing. Cats 1 and 2 were positive for FeLV p27 antigen on SNAP testing. Cat 1 died at home from complications of <em>Rhodococcus</em> infection, and Cat 2 was euthanized following failure of medical and surgical treatment of infection. The cat in Case 3, which was FeLV-negative, received treatment with oral erythromycin and topical rifampicin for 30 days. However, due to failure of antimicrobial therapy to resolve the lesions, the cat underwent amputation of the affected right hindlimb. <em>R. equi,</em> positive for the plasmid-encoded virulence-associated protein A, was identified on the microbiological cultures and PCR from all cases. Biofilm formation analysis categorized all three isolates as weak biofilm formers. Additionally, antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that all isolates were sensitive to azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, imipenem, and rifampicin in vitro. These findings underscore the clinical, epidemiological, and laboratory characteristics of <em>R. equi</em> infection in Brazilian cats, indicating that these microorganisms are phenotypically and molecularly similar to those isolated from horses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100962"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the effects of an opioid-free anesthetic protocol with two opioid-based protocols on the intraoperative cardiovascular response and postoperative pain in cats undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy: A prospective, randomized, blinded, clinical study","authors":"Bárbara Silva Correia,&nbsp;Eduardo Raposo Monteiro,&nbsp;João Victor Barbieri Ferronatto,&nbsp;Ivy Silva de La Rocque Pinho,&nbsp;Lívia Eichenberg Surita,&nbsp;Marcelo Meller Alievi","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study compared the cardiovascular response to surgery and postoperative pain between an opioid-free protocol and two opioid-based protocols in cats undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy. Cats were randomly allocated into three intramuscular premedication treatments: DEX (dexmedetomidine 7 µg/kg, <em>n</em> = 12), DEXMET (dexmedetomidine 7 µg/kg + methadone 0.3 mg/kg, <em>n</em> = 13) and DEXMOR (dexmedetomidine 7 µg/kg + morphine 0.3 mg/kg, <em>n</em> = 14). Preoperatively, all cats received meloxicam 0.1 mg/kg, subcutaneously. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with sevoflurane. Heart rate (HR) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) were measured intraoperatively. Pain was assessed before premedication (Baseline) and postoperatively for 6 h using the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale - Feline (CMPS-F) and Feline Grimace Scale (FGS). Rescue analgesia was given for CMPS-F scores ≥ 5.</div><div>In all groups, HR and SAP increased intraoperatively, but tachycardia (HR &gt; 200 beats/min) or hypertension (SAP &gt; 180 mmHg) did not occur. Postoperative CMPS-F scores were lower in DEXMET than in DEX; FGS scores in DEX and DEXMOR were higher than in DEXMET. Rescue analgesia was administered to 50 %, 23 % and 29 % cats in groups DEX, DEXMET and DEXMOR, respectively (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). The odds ratio (95 % confidence interval) of receiving postoperative rescue analgesia within 6 h for opioid-free <em>versus</em> opioid-based techniques was 2.86 (0.76-11.43). All protocols allowed surgery to be performed without an exacerbated cardiovascular response. Incorporating methadone or morphine in the protocol decreased the odds of requiring postoperative rescue analgesia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100963"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryptorchidism in dogs and cats presented for elective gonadectomy: A descriptive cohort study of 306 animals treated between 2018 and 2023","authors":"Seong Eun Cho ,&nbsp;James M. Fudge ,&nbsp;Suhee Kim ,&nbsp;Bernie Page ,&nbsp;DoHyeon Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to describe the incidence, breed distribution, clinical findings (anatomic location, number of testicles affected, and side), and surgical management of cryptorchidism in dogs and cats presented for elective gonadectomy. Medical record abstracts from a non-profit, high-volume, high-quality, spay-neuter clinic from 2018 to 2023 were reviewed retrospectively for cases of elective surgical gonadectomy of cryptorchid dogs and cats. During the study period, 5,476 dogs and 11,559 cats were presented to the same facility for elective surgical castration, suggesting a cryptorchid incidence of 3.21 % for dogs and 1.12 % for cats. Cryptorchidism affects various breeds and body conformations. Cryptorchid testes were more commonly observed in the inguinal area than in the abdomen, and were more frequently located unilaterally on the right side in both dogs and cats. The mean number of overall incisions required for surgical management was higher for testes located in the abdomen than for those located in the inguinal region in both dogs and cats. Due to differences in anatomy, cryptorchid prevalence, and surgical techniques, cryptorchidism in dogs and cats should be evaluated separately. Careful, preemptive identification and localization of the retained testicle(s) can be beneficial for efficient excision of cryptorchid testes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100961"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All pet owners are not the same: End-of-Life caregiver expectations and profiles.","authors":"Sara Hoummady ,&nbsp;Laureline Chaise ,&nbsp;Marion Guillot ,&nbsp;Nancy Rebout","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study aims to explore the specific needs of French pet owners who have experienced the loss of a pet, recognizing the limited focus on end-of-life and palliative care in veterinary practice. By characterizing owner profiles, the research seeks to enhance veterinary approaches and education to better address the unique challenges and emotional aspects associated with pet care and loss. An anonymous online survey was distributed to 302 French owners who already experienced the loss of an animal, including demographic information and feelings about their experience of a pet's end-of-life (EOL). Data were analysed using descriptive and qualitative analysis (including the use of AI chatbot ChatGPT). 56.6 % of participants reported a relatively smooth pet death, yet 67.0 % found the end-of-life period challenging. Three distinct owner groups emerged, each with varying needs. The first group expressed high guilt and a greater need for support, emphasizing the necessity for information and improved training. The second group, more informed and independent, benefits from veterinary support, while a leaflet suits them. The third group, competent in pain evaluation, requires less veterinary support. These differences highlight the importance of personalized owner support. The study proposes essential pillars for veterinarians and nurses' training, forming the EPITO system: Emotional support, Personalization, Information, Training, Tools, and Open discussion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100960"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidural administration of tramadol does not provide sufficient intraoperative analgesia for elective ovariohysterectomy in healthy cats","authors":"Franco IG ,&nbsp;Souza AR ,&nbsp;Costa IM ,&nbsp;Julião GH ,&nbsp;Oliveira BB ,&nbsp;Nishimura HML ,&nbsp;Abimussi CJX ,&nbsp;Floriano BP","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Few studies today address trans-operative analgesia provided by tramadol without local anesthetics for intra-abdominal procedures. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of trans-operative analgesia provided by epidurally administered tramadol in cats undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy. For this purpose, 16 healthy queens were randomly assigned to participate in one of two groups: GC, control group, 0.9% NaCl at 0.3 mL/kg; and GT, tramadol group, tramadol 1 mg/kg in saline to the same final volume. Subjects received premedication with ketamine, xylazine and morphine and were anesthetized and maintained with a propofol infusion at 0.4-0.8 mg/kg/min until the end of surgery. Variables heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (F_R) and systolic blood pressure (SAP) were recorded before epidural injection (TB), 5 minutes after epidural injection (TAE), at surgical incision of the skin (TSI), at clamping of the first ovarian pedicle (TP1), at clamping of the second pedicle (TP2), at clamping of the uterine stump (TU), at the beginning of abdominal cavity closure (TC) and at the final suture of the skin (TFS). A bolus of fentanyl 2 μg/kg was administered IV in case of a 20% increase of physiologic variables during these times. At the end of the study, data was analyzed using ANOVA for repeated measures followed by Tukey test. The number of fentanyl boluses was compared between groups using Kruskal-Wallis followed by Dunn test. All analyses were performed under 5% significance. There were no significant differences in HR, F_R and SAP between groups. Only a mild difference was seen in HR in GT at times MP1, MP2, MU and MC compared to baseline (before epidural injections). There were no differences in number of fentanyl boluses between groups, with median (range) of 3 (1–5) in GC and 3 (1–4) in GT. In conclusion, tramadol given epidurally to cats undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy does not provide reliable intraoperative analgesia, and therefore other strategies are necessary to ensure intraoperative analgesia of healthy cats during elective ovariohysterectomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100959"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143070480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of selected nutrients and contaminants in fish oil supplements for dogs*","authors":"Lauren R. Ober ,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Larsen ,&nbsp;Lauren E. Hoffman ,&nbsp;Birgit Puschner ,&nbsp;Andrea J. Fascetti","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fish oil supplements for dogs are used therapeutically for various clinical conditions. However, products may be variable in quality, potency, and stability. The objective of this study was to analyze eleven canine fish oil supplements from two time points (2010 and 2021) for the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) arochlors, minerals, and vitamins A and D, and to compare their compositions to label claims. Molybdenum, cadmium, mercury, lead, and PCBs were not detected in any samples. Other minerals were detected in some products, and concentrations were well below general maximum tolerable levels or applicable regulatory maximums for dog foods. EPA and DHA concentrations varied widely among products and between timepoints. Overall, there were six instances of products not meeting label claims within 5 % for EPA, DHA, or both. Across both timepoints, five minimum content claims were made for vitamin A, and three for vitamin D. In 2010, the analyzed concentrations were below the claims for one product each for vitamins A and D, while for 2021 all products met their respective claims. Overall, products were assessed to have low risk for vitamins A and D or mineral toxicoses when used as recommended. At higher (therapeutic) doses, contributions to the overall intake for nutrients of concern should be considered, including selenium and fat soluble vitamins. In addition, there is room for improvement for manufacturers to ensure accurate label guarantees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100949"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142960921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring risk factors linked to canine lymphoma: a case-control study","authors":"Katia Pinello ,&nbsp;Liliana Leite-Martins ,&nbsp;Hugo Gregório ,&nbsp;Filipe Oliveira ,&nbsp;Katia C. Kimura ,&nbsp;Maria Lúcia Z. Dagli ,&nbsp;Augusto de Matos ,&nbsp;João Niza-Ribeiro","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2025.100948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental factors, largely influenced by human behavior, account for approximately 80 % of malignant tumors. Risk factors associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) have been identified in various countries among both humans and domestic animals. This study aimed to investigate potential risk factors for NHL in dogs residing in the district of Porto, Portugal. A comprehensive survey comprising 70 questions was undertaken and given to 113 dog owners, including 55 cases and 58 controls. Our findings revealed that dogs weighing over 10 kg (OR=9.1, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), purebred dogs (OR=2.4, <em>p</em> = 0.037), those with consuming homemade food (OR=2.7, <em>p</em> = 0.03), and fruits and vegetables (OR=2.8, <em>p</em> = 0.022) exhibited higher odds of developing lymphoma. Notably, dogs with lymphoma were exposed to a significantly higher mean smoking index compared to the control group (13.7, SD=12.5 vs. 8.4, SD=9.3, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). These findings suggest that lymphoma risk in dogs seems to be influenced by a combination of innate (genetic) factors and modifiable environmental factors linked to owner habits. Nevertheless, further large-scale epidemiological studies are warranted to validate these results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 100948"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142934179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of a constant rate infusion of ketamine on left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in dogs anesthetized with propofol","authors":"Guilherme Andraus Bispo ,&nbsp;Thaís Cabral de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Matheus Fujimura Soares ,&nbsp;Izabella Pazzoto Alves ,&nbsp;Élen Almeida Pedreira de Souza ,&nbsp;Carlos Eduardo de Siqueira ,&nbsp;Marilda Onghero Taffarel ,&nbsp;Wagner Luis Ferreira ,&nbsp;Paulo Sergio Patto dos Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of a constant rate infusion of ketamine on left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in dogs anesthetized with propofol.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Prospective randomized, blinded clinical study.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>Sixteen healthy dogs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Dogs were randomized into two groups, the propofol-ketamine group (GPK) and propofol group (GP), with eight animals each. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with a constant rate infusion (CRI) of propofol at a rate of 0.8 mg/kg/min. All dogs were mechanically ventilated throughout the study. Thirty-five minutes after anesthesia started, the GPK received a bolus of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg IV, over 2 minutes) followed by the CRI of ketamine at 30 μg/kg/min, while the GP received the same volume of 0.9% NaCl over 2 minutes followed by the CRI of 0.9% NaCl at the same rate. Hemodynamic and echocardiographic variables were recorded 15 min after initiating CRI of propofol (M0), immediately after each treatment bolus (M1), and 20 (M2) and 40 min (M3) after initiating CRI of ketamine or 0.9% NaCl solution in both groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cardiac index, stroke index, and peripheral vascular resistance index were not significantly different between treatments. No significant differences in left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions derived from echocardiographic variables were observed between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>During treatment with CRI of ketamine at the proposed rate, hemodynamic parameters and echocardiographic variables, used to measure left ventricular systolic and diastolic function, were maintained stable in healthy dogs anesthetized with propofol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 100931"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142776162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trazodone-gabapentin association increases sedation scores with mild hemodynamic and echocardiographic impact in healthy cats","authors":"Ellen Cristina Siepmann,&nbsp;Estela Dall’ Agnol Gianezini,&nbsp;Maria Eduarda Ruaro,&nbsp;Luciana Wolfran,&nbsp;Caique Aparecido Faria,&nbsp;Fabiola Bono Fukushima","doi":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tcam.2024.100945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the increasing use of drugs to facilitate feline management in veterinary care, there is still a lack of information on the anxiolytic and sedative effects and their specific physiological impacts. We aimed to compare the sedative, hematological, biochemical and cardiovascular effects of oral single-dose trazodone and gabapentin, alone or in combination, in 8 healthy adult mixed-breed domestic cats on a prospective, randomized, cross-over, and placebo-controlled study. Cats were assigned to receive an oral single dose of trazodone (50 mg) (TG), gabapentin (100 mg) (GG), trazodone (50 mg) and gabapentin (100 mg) (GTG), or placebo (PG). Sedation score, physiological, hematological, biochemical, and cardiovascular variables were assessed at baseline and 120 minutes after drug administration. The mean dose of trazodone was 12.1± 1.1 mg/kg and gabapentin 24.2± 2.3 mg/kg. All data were normally distributed. Blood tests remained within the reference range, but plasma protein increased by 3.78 % in TG. Trazodone alone and associated with gabapentin significantly reduced respiratory rate and systolic blood pressure compared to baseline and placebo. GTG showed a reduction in heart rate and the highest sedation scores. Short-duration excitatory reactions were observed in 37.5 % of the cats in GTG and 12.5 % in TG. Isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT) increased in GTG and differed statistically from GG. On ECG, no clinically relevant changes were observed. The association of trazodone (50 mg/cat) and gabapentin (100 mg/cat) increases sedation scores compared to gabapentin alone, with a mild impact on HR, RR, BP, and IVRT in cats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23144,"journal":{"name":"Topics in companion animal medicine","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 100945"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}