Transactions of the ASABE最新文献

{"title":"Nozzle Flow Rate, Pressure Drop, and Response Time of Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Nozzle Control Systems","authors":"J. Fabula, A. Sharda, Qing Kang, D. Flippo","doi":"10.13031/TRANS.14360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/TRANS.14360","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsNozzle pressure drop varies between PWM systems at different application rates and application pressures.Change in flow rate with respect to the expected flow differs between PWM systems at different rates and pressures.There was a latency before the system reached the target application pressure.PWM systems operate for less time than the specified duty cycle, which may cause application errors.Abstract. Three PWM nozzle control systems, Capstan PinPoint II, John Deere ExactApply, and Raven Hawkeye, referred to as systems S1, S2, and S3, respectively, were used in this study. Data on nozzle pressure, boom pressure, flow rate, and response time were recorded with different duty cycles (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) and operating frequencies (10, 15, and 30 Hz) for two application rates (112.2 and 187.1 L ha-1) and two application pressures (275.8 and 448.2 kPa) at 1 kHz using a LabVIEW program and a cRIO data acquisition system. Results indicated that the PWM systems perform differently when operating at different application rates, pressures, duty cycles, and frequencies. Each PWM system provided a different pressure drop at the nozzle during operation. The increase in application rate and pressure increased the pressure drop. The percent change in flow rate with respect to the expected flow was also significantly different between the PWM systems, which could be due to the differences in pressure provided at the nozzle during operation. The PWM systems also showed latency before reaching the target application pressure during operation and operated for less time than the specified duty cycle at stable target pressure while also continuing to spray even after the solenoid valves had closed. The application pressure during peak and fall times and the time of stable application pressure within a cycle should be given careful consideration when selecting a PWM system, as they can contribute to application errors. Producers should also consider the pressure drop with the selected PWM system and target application rate to set up the system to apply at the desired pressure. Manufacturers mostly recommend operating PWM systems at 10 Hz. For the purpose of this study, the operating frequency of the PWM systems was set to 10 and 15 Hz for S1, to 15 and 30 Hz for S2, and to 10, 15, and 30 Hz for S3. Producers should expect differences in pressure drop, stabilized pressure application time, and flow rate if they choose to operate at a higher frequency. The results of this study are only applicable to the types of nozzle bodies and nozzle tips used. The data will differ based on the dual-orifice valve coefficient equation: the larger the second orifice, the greater the pressure drop. This will affect the final orifice pressure, as well as the flow rate. This study did not address the impact of flow resistance caused by differences in the design of nozzle bodies and nozzle types. Keywords: Nozzle flow rate, Pressure drop, Pulse width modulation control m","PeriodicalId":23120,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the ASABE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80655753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Manitoba Land Calculator: A Tool to Estimate Land Requirements for Manure Application in Manitoba, Canada","authors":"R. Cordeiro, P. Loro, Marcos R. C. Cordeiro, C. Sawka, K. Ominski, D. Flaten","doi":"10.13031/TRANS.14613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/TRANS.14613","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsThe Manitoba Land Calculator is a tool to estimate land requirements for new and expanding livestock operations.This new tool reflects Manitoba production practices and recent advances in animal and crop performance.Considerably more land is needed for management of manure phosphorus than when only nitrogen is considered.Sufficient land for application of manure supports the environmental sustainability of livestock production.Abstract. The planning of new livestock and poultry facilities or expansion of existing facilities should ensure sufficient land for manure application. Decision support tools used to establish land requirements for manure nutrients should take into consideration advances in animal genetics, performance, feeding strategies, and available feeds. This article presents a new tool for estimating land requirements for new and expanding pig, beef, dairy, and poultry operations in the province of Manitoba, Canada. The Manitoba Land Calculator (MLC) estimates land requirements for manure nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). It uses a mass balance approach to estimate nutrient excretion by livestock and poultry based on typical Manitoba feeding practices, weight gain, and production cycles. Crop nutrient utilization and removals can be calculated for 20 common crops grown in Manitoba using reliable long-term yields and farm-specific crop areas. Two case studies (pig and poultry) were selected from the Livestock Technical Review Public Registry on the Government of Manitoba website to illustrate the inputs and outputs associated with the MLC. The results indicated that land requirements increased by 4.6-fold and 5.7-fold for the poultry and pig operations, respectively, compared to the previous provincial methodology due to the inclusion of P in the model. Securing additional land during the planning stages will support the implementation of nutrient stewardship principles that ensure the long-term environmental sustainability of livestock operations. Keywords: Animal production, Land requirements, Livestock and poultry, Manure, Mass balance, Nutrient excretion.","PeriodicalId":23120,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the ASABE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76085642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using LiDAR to Measure Alfalfa Canopy Height","authors":"S. T. Sheffield, J. Dvorak, Bolling W. Smith, Cynthia Arnold, Cameron Minch","doi":"10.13031/trans.14492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/trans.14492","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsModels using LiDAR measurements and field observations as predictors can accurately predict alfalfa canopy height.The most efficient model used only the 95th percentile of LiDAR-measured height to estimate canopy height.Adding field observations of weed, insect, and disease pressure only marginally improved the predictive models.Abstract. Alfalfa is a popular crop that is grown worldwide because it is a nutritious feed for livestock and fixes nitrogen in the soil. Profitable alfalfa production greatly relies on monitoring the status of the alfalfa crop. Traditionally, producers have used crop assessment techniques that rely on manual measurements of alfalfa plant height, which can be used to predict nutritive quality and yield. These manual measurements are often labor-intensive and provide low-resolution data that is not acceptable for field-scale monitoring. The goal of this study was to assess the capability of a simple LiDAR setup to accurately estimate the average canopy height of an alfalfa crop. To achieve this goal, we first developed predictive models of alfalfa canopy height using LiDAR-derived measurements as predictor variables. Second, we assessed the accuracies of the models and compared the properties of each model. Third, we determined the optimal LiDAR-derived measurements to use to accurately predict average alfalfa canopy height. The data used in our models were collected in two separate fields planted with two different cultivars of alfalfa. Data collection was performed on five dates spanning one entire growth cycle during the summer of 2019. A simple single-beam LiDAR sensor was used to scan the canopy of sample plots within the fields. Manual measurements of plant height and field observations of insect, disease, and weed pressure were also recorded. Of the data used in the predictive models, the 95th percentile of LiDAR-measured height was found to be the optimal predictor for estimating alfalfa canopy height. Using the 95th percentile as a single predictor in a linear regression model of measured average canopy height resulted in an R2 of 0.90 and RMSE of 4.5 cm. Two other linear regression models using a combination of LiDAR measurements and LiDAR measurements with alfalfa health observations, respectfully, were developed for comparison. These models exhibited marginally better accuracies but required more inputs than the model only using the 95th percentile. This study shows how simple LiDAR configurations can be used for timely collection of accurate alfalfa canopy height data. From our findings, we suggest using the 95th percentile of LiDAR-derived canopy height to estimate alfalfa canopy height. This study lays the groundwork for research into more advanced LiDAR configurations for alfalfa applications, such as LiDAR-equipped UAVs. Keywords: Alfalfa, Canopy height, LiDAR.","PeriodicalId":23120,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the ASABE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74131015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BiGRU-Attention Based Cow Behavior Classification Using Video Data for Precision Livestock Farming","authors":"Yangyang Guo, Yongliang Qiao, S. Sukkarieh, L. Chai, Dongjian He","doi":"10.13031/trans.14658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/trans.14658","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsBiGRU-attention based cow behavior classification was proposed.Key spatial-temporal features were captured for behavior representation.BiGRU-attention achieved >82% classification accuracy on calf and adult cow datasets.The proposed method could be used for similar animal behavior classification.Abstract. Animal behavior consists of time series activities, which can reflect animals’ health and welfare status. Monitoring and classifying animal behavior facilitates management decisions to optimize animal performance, welfare, and environmental outcomes. In recent years, deep learning methods have been applied to monitor animal behavior worldwide. To achieve high behavior classification accuracy, a BiGRU-attention based method is proposed in this article to classify some common behaviors, such as exploring, feeding, grooming, standing, and walking. In our work, (1) Inception-V3 was first applied to extract convolutional neural network (CNN) features for each image frame in videos, (2) bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) was used to further extract spatial-temporal features, (3) an attention mechanism was deployed to allocate weights to each of the extracted spatial-temporal features according to feature similarity, and (4) the weighted spatial-temporal features were fed to a Softmax layer for behavior classification. Experiments were conducted on two datasets (i.e., calf and adult cow), and the proposed method achieved 82.35% and 82.26% classification accuracy on the calf and adult cow datasets, respectively. In addition, in comparison with other methods, the proposed BiGRU-attention method outperformed long short-term memory (LSTM), bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM), and BiGRU. Overall, the proposed BiGRU-attention method can capture key spatial-temporal features to significantly improve animal behavior classification, which is favorable for automatic behavior classification in precision livestock farming. Keywords: BiGRU, Cow behavior, Deep learning, LSTM, Precision livestock farming.","PeriodicalId":23120,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the ASABE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75446295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical Simulation of the Placement of Exhaust Fans in a Tunnel-Ventilated Layer House During the Fall","authors":"Xiaoshuai Wang, Jiangong Li, Jiegang Wu, Qianying Yi, Xin-lei Wang, Kaiying Wang","doi":"10.13031/TRANS.14657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/TRANS.14657","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsThe placement and operation of exhaust fans was assessed using CFD simulation.The effective temperature was used to evaluate the indoor thermal environment.The placement and operation of the exhaust fans mainly affected the airflow patterns in the part of the layer house closest to the fans.Abstract. The thermal environment inside a layer house significantly affects the growth, production, and health of the hens. Tunnel ventilation systems have been widely applied to control the indoor climate and air quality for large-scale poultry facilities around the world. Generally, only a few of the exhaust fans operate during mild seasons (spring and fall) in a tunnel-ventilated layer house depending on the outside air temperature. The decision about which exhaust fans to turn on affects the indoor airflow pattern and temperature distribution. However, little research has been reported that investigated the effects of the locations of exhaust fans on ventilation performance. In this study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was built and validated using field-measured data. The CFD model was then used to evaluate different ventilation strategies (combinations of exhaust fans) in a typical tunnel-ventilated layer house during the fall. The effective temperature was used to assess the performance of different ventilation strategies. Results showed that the locations of the exhaust fans significantly affected the indoor thermal environment, especially in the part of the house closest to the fans, because different locations of operating fans can generate different airflow patterns and affect the airflow through the animal-occupied zone. Based on the simulations, we conclude that the placement and operation of the exhaust fans can be optimized. Turning on the fans that are lower to the ground or near the sidewalls will result in more air bypassing the animal-occupied zones. Our results can help select the best ventilation strategy during the spring and fall in layer houses with tunnel ventilation systems. Keywords: Airflow distribution, Effective temperature distribution, Indoor thermal environments, Ventilation strategy.","PeriodicalId":23120,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the ASABE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73283127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variable-Rate Irrigation Uniformity Model for Linear-Move Sprinkler Systems","authors":"Junping Liu, Umair Gull, D. Putnam, Isaya Kisekka","doi":"10.13031/trans.14313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/trans.14313","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsUsing different nozzle sizes on a linear-move sprinkler irrigation system is a simple method for implementing VRI.This study established a variable-rate sprinkler irrigation model for a linear-move system with different nozzles.Uniformity parameters were predicted for different tests, and prediction accuracy ranged from 1.6% to 13.0%.The simulation model can be applied to other sprinkler systems with variable-rate irrigation.Abstract. Variable-rate irrigation (VRI) can vary the application rate by either changing the amount of water flowing through sprinkler nozzles (zone control) or varying the speed of a moving irrigation system across parts of a field, referred to as speed/sector control. The uniformity of sprinkler irrigation in each management zone under VRI directly affects crop growth and yield. The use of different nozzle diameters on a linear-move sprinkler irrigation system is a simple and affordable method for achieving VRI. There are few studies on modeling the uniformity of VRI on linear-move sprinkler irrigation systems. In this study, a cubic spline difference-value model was used to simulate the variable-rate water distribution and uniformity of a linear-move system. Nine tests were designed to evaluate VRI uniformity with different nozzle diameters. A simulation and corresponding field experiments were carried out. The application rate of the simulation model was higher than the experimental values because of wind drift. The uniformity coefficients of the simulation with nozzle diameters of 1.98, 2.97, and 4.17 mm in tests 1, 2, and 3 were 86.56%, 85.24%, and 79.94%, respectively. The uniformity coefficients of the VRI simulations with combinations of nozzle diameters in tests 4 through 9 were 76.89%, 80.70%, 76.67%, 69.58%, 76.64%, and 81.87%, respectively. The smallest error between the simulation and experiment was 1.6%, and the largest error was 13.0%. The simulation model and prediction method can be applied to other sprinkler irrigation systems. Keywords: Linear move, Simulation model, Sprinkler irrigation, Uniformity, VRI.","PeriodicalId":23120,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the ASABE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84888532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frontier: Autonomy in Detection, Actuation, and Planning for Robotic Weeding Systems","authors":"P. Pandey, H. Dakshinamurthy, Sierra N. Young","doi":"10.13031/TRANS.14085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/TRANS.14085","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsRecent research and development efforts center around developing smaller, portable robotic weeding systems.Deep learning methods have resulted in accurate, fast, and robust weed detection and identification.Additional key technologies under development include precision actuation and multi-vehicle planning. Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Automated systems, Automated weeding, Weed control.","PeriodicalId":23120,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the ASABE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85416041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Bank Stabilization Structures on Upstream and Downstream Bank Mobilization at Cedar River, Nebraska","authors":"Matthew V. Russell, A. Mittelstet, R. Joeckel, J. Korus, C. Castro-Bolinaga","doi":"10.13031/trans.14551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/trans.14551","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsStabilization structures are only effective at stabilized segments.Erosion increased in two of the six segments in the post-stabilization period.Deposition decreased in all six segments in the post-stabilization period.Jetties are effective at reducing erosion but are also prone to fail.Abstract. The effectiveness of streambank stabilization structures is insufficiently quantified. Although such structures clearly reduce or eliminate streambank erosion at the local scale, little is known about associated effects on unstabilized reaches immediately upstream and downstream. This study measured streambank erosion and deposition in stretches of the Cedar River, 1.5 meander wavelengths upstream and downstream from 24 stabilization structures that included jetties, rock vanes, root wads, and gravel protection. We also measured erosion and deposition on the streambanks directly opposite the stabilized locations. We compared measurements from the pre-stabilization period (1993-2005) with those from the post-stabilization period (2005-2018) using historical imagery in ArcGIS. Upon completion of this analysis, we were able to reject an initial hypothesis that local and adjacent streambank segment erosion rates would be significantly less after stabilization, and that deposition rates would be greater in stabilized locations and adjacent stream segments. Instead, the differences in erosion from pre- to post-stabilization showed little or no statistical significance. Rather, our data indicated that streambank erosion decreased in only four of the six stream segments and was predominantly confined to the stabilized segment. Overall deposition decreased in all six stream segments after bank stabilization. In reaches where wooden jetties were installed, partial or total failure was common, and further increases in erosion and decreases in deposition were more pronounced. We conclude that streambank stabilization on the Cedar River is effective only at the location of installation; there is no measurable effect on adjacent unstabilized reaches. Our results demonstrate the need for improved streambank monitoring practices and better understanding of how streambank stabilization impacts an entire river system. Such advances will enhance stream restoration design and implementation, as well as support future river management efforts. Keywords: Adjacent stream reach, Deposition, Jetty, Erosion, Streambank stabilization.","PeriodicalId":23120,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the ASABE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85067855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical Properties Predict Wheat Leaf Moisture","authors":"Yumei Hao, Yuantao Hua, Xu Li, Xianqiang Gao, Ji-Ling Chen","doi":"10.13031/TRANS.14210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/TRANS.14210","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsA non-destructive prediction model for moisture content of wheat leaves was established based on electrical properties.The model based on a single property (capacitance or resistance) was improved by using both properties.The model accurately detected the moisture content of wheat leaves in real-time to avoid irrigation lag.The results provide a basis for real-time and targeted water-saving irrigation of winter wheat in an arid region.Abstract. In this study, we aimed to establish a non-destructive and rapid approach to monitor the moisture content of wheat leaves in Southern Xinjiang, China, and promptly acquire information on the physiological water demand of crops to guide precision irrigation. Wheat leaves were used as the research object. Using a custom-made clamped parallel-plate capacitor and LCR digital bridge meter, we determined the electrical properties (capacitance and resistance) of wheat leaves with various moisture contents within a frequency range from 0.12 to 100 kHz. Moreover, we explored the correlation between leaf moisture content and the electrical properties. Our data showed that leaf moisture exhibited the best correlation with the electrical properties at 50 kHz. Under these optimized conditions, a model for moisture measurement was established using a single-parameter method (capacitance or resistance). However, the estimated standard errors (RMSE) of this method were 3.29% (for resistance) and 3.49% (for capacitance), which were greater than the standard error of the measured moisture content (2%). Therefore, we developed an improved model using a two-parameter method (capacitance and resistance), and the estimated standard error was 2.68%, which was more feasible for predicting moisture content compared with the single-parameter method. The model was validated using eight groups of wheat leaf samples at the turning-green stage and the jointing stage, and the RMSE values were less than 2%. Our findings provide a scientific basis for real-time and targeted water-saving irrigation of wheat in arid areas of Southern Xinjiang. Keywords: Electrical property, Model, Moisture content, Precision irrigation, Wheat leaves.","PeriodicalId":23120,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the ASABE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82266477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Rare Earth Elements as Tracers of Fluvial Processes: Fine Sediment Transport and Deposition in a Small Stream","authors":"H. Govenor, W. Hession, T. Keys, C. N. Jones, R. Stewart, L. Krometis","doi":"10.13031/TRANS.14358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13031/TRANS.14358","url":null,"abstract":"HighlightsNatural sediments labeled with rare earth elements can effectively be used as tracers for quantifying fine sediment transport and deposition.Two artificial floods in a small stream (100 ha watershed, 1.5 year return flow of 515 L s-1) transported fine sediment 0 m to >850 m at a maximum flow rate of 55 L s-1.Sediment deposition per unit area was greater in the channel than in the near-channel floodplain.Use of two distinct tracers demonstrated resuspension extent during sequential high-flow events.Presence of large wood in the channel was associated with reduced streamflow rate, decreased suspended sediment transport velocity, increased channel sediment deposition, and reduced near-floodplain sediment deposition.Abstract. Effective sediment management requires an understanding of the lag time between best management practice implementation and observable changes in the target water body. To improve our understanding of sediment lag times, we tested a method to label locally sourced sediments with rare earth elements to quantify fine sediment flow-through and storage in fluvial systems. We injected sediments labeled with lanthanum and ytterbium into a small stream during two artificial flood events. During the floods, we collected and quantified suspended sediments and sediment deposition in the stream channel and floodplain at four cross-sections within our study reach. Two down-gradient (90 m and 850 m) time-integrated suspended sediment samplers evaluated total travel distance. Sediment tracer observations of particle transport distances ranged from 0 m to at least 850 m at a maximum flow rate of 55 L s-1 (stream 1.5 year flow was 515 L s-1). Sediment deposition per unit area was greater in the channel than in the floodplain. The majority of sediment tracer mass injected into the stream entered storage within the first 69 m of the reach. Some particles that deposited following the first flood were resuspended and either transported downstream or redeposited within the study reach. Our results support the further use of rare earth elements as sediment tracers to inform water quality and sediment transport models, and to provide estimates of lag times between management actions and downstream improvements. Keywords: Fine sediment, Flood, Fluvial geomorphology, Lag time, Large wood, Rare earth elements, Sediment deposition, Sediment transport, Tracer.","PeriodicalId":23120,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the ASABE","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85885427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}