Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry最新文献_第2页

Late Presentation of Primary Choriocarcinoma Lung in a Young Male 一名年轻男性原发性肺绒毛膜癌的晚期表现

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd12-4/016

引用次数: 0

Expression of Salivary HIF-1α Levels Among the Clinical Stages of Oral Submucous Fibrosis 不同临床阶段口腔黏膜下纤维化患者唾液中 HIF-1α 的表达水平

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd12-4/013

{"title":"Expression of Salivary HIF-1α Levels Among the Clinical Stages of Oral Submucous Fibrosis","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd12-4/013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd12-4/013","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is defined as severe submucosal fibrosis and decreased vascularity, resulting in a compromised blood supply leading to hypoxia of tissues. The key biomarker involved is Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α). The objective of this research was to analyze the expression of HIF-1α in saliva samples of individuals across the clinical stages of OSMF and healthy controls. Methods: This case-control study consisted of 120 participants, 60 patients had different clinical stages of OSMF and 60 healthy controls. Samples of saliva were collected and quantification of salivary samples was done using ELISA. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test assessed data normality. Kruskal Wallis test was applied to assess the association between salivary HIF-1α levels and clinical stages of OSMF. The Kendall Tau correlation test was used to assess the relationship between different stages of OSMF and salivary HIF-1α levels. Results: The comparison of HIF-1α expression in different stages of OSMF and healthy controls was done. In comparison, it was found that HIF-1α expression increased significantly (p=0.00) in patients than controls. The expression was increased with stages, stage I (16.84 ± 9.74), stage II (19.51 ± 7.99), stage III (24.43 ± 7.49), and stage IV (28.92 ± 5.12), respectively. The odd ratio indicates for every progressive stage, the odds for high salivary HIF-1α levels increase by 1.63 times. Conclusion: Levels of salivary HIF-1α showed increased expression with the progressive stages of OSMF. This variation in the levels of salivary HIF-1α suggests its possible role as an early non-invasive detective marker in the assessment of disease progression.","PeriodicalId":231166,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expression of TNF-α and TGF-β after the Administration of Cacao Bean Extract on Alveolar Bone 服用可可豆提取物后牙槽骨中 TNF-α 和 TGF-β 的表达

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd12-4/003

{"title":"Expression of TNF-α and TGF-β after the Administration of Cacao Bean Extract on Alveolar Bone","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd12-4/003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd12-4/003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Teeth that are given orthodontic forces can relapse because of excessive resorption on the pressure side. Cocoa bean extract enhances bone apposition during bone remodeling by increasing osteoblast proliferation. This research aimed to ascertain molecular mechanisms of alveolar bone during orthodontic tooth movement applied with cacao bean extract (Theobroma cacao L.) through TNF-α and TGF-β, expressions. Methods: This study utilized an experimental laboratory posttest-only control group design. The NiTi closed coil spring was braced between the right upper first molar and the upper incisor, a strength of 10gf was estimated utilizing a tension gauge to mesially move the upper molars. The total 36 were divided into six groups, Wistar rats were beheaded on days 7 and 14 of treatment. Immunohistochemical staining was utilized to show TNF-α and TGF-β expression. Results were assessed using the one-way ANOVA analysis. Results: The immunohistochemistry findings in osteoclast cells that demonstrate positive results for TGF-β and TNF-α, expression by immunohistochemical staining calculated for each group (control, positive control, treatment). The treatment group (Q14) showed reduced expression (2±0.957) of TNF-α in osteoclast cells. TGF-β, on the other hand, was found with diminished expression in osteoblast cells C-7 and C-14 (3.75±0.816, 3.25±0.957) and increases in the treatment group (Q14) (11.25±0.957). significantly (p=0.000). Conclusion: The administration of cacao bean extract on days 7 and 14 could decrease the expression of TNF-α and increase TGF-β of the treatment group. Therefore, with an increased TNF-α apposition process, relapse after orthodontic treatment can be prevented to accelerate the orthodontic treatment.","PeriodicalId":231166,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

No Action Today, No Cure Tomorrow - A Review of Agricultural Factors Predisposing Humans at The Risk of Antimicrobial Resistance and Its Preventive Strategies 今日不行动，明日无治愈--导致人类面临抗菌药耐药性风险的农业因素及其预防策略综述

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd12-4/015

{"title":"No Action Today, No Cure Tomorrow - A Review of Agricultural Factors Predisposing Humans at The Risk of Antimicrobial Resistance and Its Preventive Strategies","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd12-4/015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd12-4/015","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most significant public health issues today is AMR (AMR), which poses significant difficulties in controlling and treating infectious diseases. It is believed that the abuse and overuse of numerous antibacterial agents in the healthcare and agriculture industries led to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Even though irrational prescriptions have been blamed for the rise in resistance among microbes to various antimicrobial drugs, a variety of environmental factors have also been linked to the development of multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms. Several studies have stressed the significance of using a one-health approach, or a holistic strategy, to combat antibiotic resistance that takes into account people, animals, and the environment. Models describing how resistance starts and spreads could be created with a better understanding of the environmental factors that encourage its development. Yet, preventing the establishment and spread of mobile resistance elements is challenging since it is unclear how and when the environment favors resistance growth. Hence the current review focuses on the agricultural factors predisposing humans to the risk of AMR and preventive strategies.","PeriodicalId":231166,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139327189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Body Locations of Leishmaniasis in the Targeted Population of Pakistan 巴基斯坦利什曼病目标人群的身体部位

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd12-4/014

{"title":"Body Locations of Leishmaniasis in the Targeted Population of Pakistan","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd12-4/014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd12-4/014","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a skin infection caused by a sand fly bite, is most prevalent clinically in Pakistan. The initially caused nodules (bumps) may become ulcerated, have a long healing time, and may re-occur multiple times. This study identified the body areas most affected by Leishmaniasis in our target population. Methods: This prospective study was conducted at the leishmaniasis clinic Institute of Skin Diseases Sindh Karachi (ISDSK), from July 2022 to June 2023. A standard questionnaire recorded demographics and site, location, and number of lesions. The diagnosis was confirmed by a Slit Skin smear showing Leishmania. The ANOVA was used to determine the mean difference between the variables and p < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of 138 patients, 87 (63%) were females and 51 (37%) males. The most common site of involvement was lower limb and feet at 44(32%) followed by face and neck at 37(27%), upper limb at 37(27%), and multiple sites at 20(14%). Majority of patients had single lesions 72(52%) followed by, two 34(25%), three 9(6%) and four or more in 23(14%). A comparison of lesions in gender, revealed, that males had 17(33%) on upper limbs, while females had 31(35%) on lower limbs. Comparing body locations province-wise, in Sindh predominant was lower limb 41(34%) whereas face in Balochistan 6(35%). Conclusion: CL's most infected locations were face & neck and lower limbs of the body. Comparing gender, females were more affected. This is an increasing public health problem and requires attention of authorities, to fumigate the pandemic areas.","PeriodicalId":231166,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"175 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139327524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Challenges Arising from Self-Administered Misoprostol for Unintended Pregnancies Amidst Covid-19 Lockdown 在 Covid-19 禁闭期间自用米索前列醇治疗意外怀孕所面临的挑战

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd12-4/010

{"title":"Challenges Arising from Self-Administered Misoprostol for Unintended Pregnancies Amidst Covid-19 Lockdown","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd12-4/010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd12-4/010","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The COVID-19 pandemic placed unprecedented strain on healthcare globally, which exacerbated factors leading to unplanned pregnancies. This study aimed to assess the complications of self-administration of misoprostol for miscarriage during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, from 1st March to 30th September 2020. Case records were compiled and analyzed. All women who reported after self-administration of misoprostol were included. The primary outcome measure was complications; anemia, blood transfusion, heavy bleeding, shock, sepsis, ruptured ectopic pregnancy, and ruptured uterus. A bivariable analysis was done to see the effect of gestational age at intake of misoprostol on the complications encountered, the chi-square test or Fischer’s exact test was also applied. Results: In this study, a total of 54 cases were studied. The most common complication was anemia (63%) followed by incomplete abortion (61.1%). Heavy bleeding (p˂0.001), blood transfusion (p=0.020), and incomplete abortion were significantly (p˂0.001) more common in women who used misoprostol at gestational ages greater than 6 weeks. Conclusion: Our results suggested that health complications were found in women who self-medicated misoprostol for induced abortions after gestational ages greater than 6 weeks during the COVID-19 lockdown.","PeriodicalId":231166,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139327756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Frequency and Risk Factors of Surgical Site Infection with and without Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Adults Undergoing Minor Trauma Surgery 接受轻微创伤手术和未接受抗生素预防治疗的成人手术部位感染的频率和风险因素

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd12-4/012

{"title":"Frequency and Risk Factors of Surgical Site Infection with and without Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Adults Undergoing Minor Trauma Surgery","authors":"","doi":"10.36283/pjmd12-4/012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36283/pjmd12-4/012","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Trauma surgeons are more likely to experience surgical site infections (SSI). Preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis was a common strategy in trauma procedures. This research aimed to determine the frequency and risk factors of surgical site infection with and without antibiotic prophylaxis in adults undergoing minor trauma surgery. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional investigation was carried out. The surgical emergency and trauma units at Jinnah Hospital and THQ Hospital DGK provided the data for this investigation. Data from 190 patients were gathered and divided into two groups. Before surgery (Group A) took antibiotic prophylaxis while Group B did not. Standard surgical protocols were followed during the surgical operation. Patients were checked for postoperative fever, surgical site infection, and discharge at the incision site. On the third, seventh, and twelfth postoperative days, the wound was checked. The chi-square test was used for analysis and P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Surgical site infections (SSI) occurred in 18 patients out of 190 patients, with 6 (6.3%) patients from group A and 12 (12.6%) from group B. Two (2.1%) of the patients in Group A who developed SSI were female, whereas no female patients in Group B experienced it. Contaminated wounds, diabetes, and improper surgical site cleaning were the three main risk factors for SSI in minor trauma cases. Conclusion: The study found that the use of prophylactic antibiotics in minor trauma cases performed in adult patients significantly decreases the incidence of SSI.","PeriodicalId":231166,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Use of Hair Straightening Chemicals and Uterine Cancer 使用直发化学品与子宫癌

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd12-4/019

引用次数: 0

Laser Dentistry: Illuminating the Future of Dental Care 激光牙科：照亮牙科护理的未来

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd12-4/002

引用次数: 0

Age and Prostatic Volume: The Prognosis for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia 年龄与前列腺体积:良性前列腺增生的预后

Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.36283/pjmd12-2/005

引用次数: 0