Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere最新文献

{"title":"[Extensive keeping conditions in domestic animals - legal and veterinary aspects of stock supervision].","authors":"Grischa Merkel, Anabell Jandowsky, Kai Frölich","doi":"10.1055/a-2681-2411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2681-2411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extensive husbandry of domestic animals has advantages for land and biodiversity. In order to also benefit the animals, animal owners must cope with special legal and practical challenges. This article provides an overview of some of the particular aspects of management and veterinary medicine that need to be taken into account. It also attempts to explain why an on-site veterinarian is reasonable for this type of husbandry if one wants to avoid violating the German Animal Welfare Act. This holds true regardless of whether animals are kept for commercial purposes or purely for landscape maintenance. In the latter case in particular, responsibilities may be distributed in such a way that an on-site veterinarian could compensate for gaps in factual accountability that threaten the health of the animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"53 6","pages":"400-407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145640278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Practical findings into keeping sows with piglets in a free-range forest enclosure - A practical report].","authors":"Rupert Stäbler, Dorian Patzkéwitsch","doi":"10.1055/a-2730-8463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2730-8463","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This practical report refers to the farm's own data (weight development, sow behavior and lactation) from 2 farrowing passages (DG) in a free-range forest enclosure (DG 1 Feb. 2025: 5 sows; DG 2 May 2025: 3 sows). An additional trial passage (5 sows) in the summer of 2024 was included for the production data. The sows, which were artificially inseminated with Pietrain semen (crossbred sows: Schwäbisch-Hällisch*Pietrain), had 5 farrowing pens with heated piglet nests available for birth in a barn; a feeding area in the barn, the planned space with drinking troughs and a piglet free-range forest enclosure with 620 m² were accessible to sows and piglets at the latest from the 11^th day of life (LT) of the first litter of each DG. A few weeks later, the pasture (3,000 m²) and main free-range forest enclosure (16,000 m²) were also opened. Feeding took place with organic concentrate feed components with 11.22 MJ ME/kg, 12.8% crude protein content and large quantities of acre-grass (supplied or grazing). The piglets were not weaned and remained with the sows until natural weaning.On average (trial passage, DG 1 and DG 2), 82.3% of liveborn piglets reached a weight of approx. 25 kg. Losses by crushing were 12.3% (mainly on the first day after birth) and other losses were 5.4%. The average daily weight gain of piglets in DG 1 and DG 2 was between LT 29 (8.01 kg live weight) and LT 78 (29.18 kg live weight) at 432 grams; at the end of week 10, an average group weight of 25 kg was reached. The sows behaved mostly relaxed and neutral towards the farm staff, with a few animals being nervous occasionally. No sow showed aggressive behavior. Recognizable weaning took place from the 13^th/14^th week of life (LW), with the largest part of weaning completed by the 16^th/17^th LW.For the presented practical farm keeping sows with piglets in a free-range forest enclosure is an effective way of production. The husbandry system shows adequate daily weight gains, and the sows' distinct feed conversion capability during the natural lactation period means that they can be fed 100% organic feed without any problems. With regard to losses by crushing on the first day of life, management must be further optimized in terms of selection of sows and factors such as bedding.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"53 6","pages":"414-423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145640251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro embryo production to preserve the genetics of a 16-year-old Rotes Höhenvieh cow.","authors":"Rebecca Herbicht, Claudia Klein, Luciano de Rezende Carvalheira","doi":"10.1055/a-2685-1123","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2685-1123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The initiation of embryo cryopreservation programs is recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to preserve genetic resources of old farm animal breeds. Rotes Höhenvieh is one of the German breeds listed as \"observation population\" by the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE). <i>In vitro</i> embryo production (IVP) is an assisted reproductive biotechnology that can generate embryos from cows with reproductive disorders. A 16-year-old cow of the breed Rotes Höhenvieh with a history of failed natural breeding attempts was presented to the Institute of Farm Animal Genetics of the Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI) with the aim to produce and cryopreserve embryos by utilizing assisted reproductive technologies. A follicle stimulation protocol for the retrieval of <i>in vivo</i> matured oocytes by ovum pick-up (OPU) was applied to 3 sessions of IVP. Oocytes were fertilized <i>in vitro</i> with frozen-thawed semen of 2 Rotes Höhenvieh bulls. After adjustments on the IVP protocol, 3 viable embryos could be produced for cryopreservation and long-term storage in the German Gene Bank of Farm Animals at the FLI.In conclusion, the implementation of <i>in vivo</i> oocyte maturation in combination with <i>in vitro</i> embryo production in aged cows offers a vital strategy for preserving the genetics of endangered old farm animal breeds.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"53 5","pages":"334-340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful treatment of Rhodococcus equi P-type infection with subcutaneous abscessation in a foal.","authors":"Simone Della Tommasa, Kerstin Gerlach, Susanne Pauline Roth, Walter Brehm, Paul Tönnies, Florian Zettl, Anna Pelli","doi":"10.1055/a-2685-1094","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2685-1094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Rhodococcus (R.) equi</i> is a common causative agent of the septic arthritis, physitis, and osteomyelitis (SAPO) complex in foals, often resulting from hematogenous dissemination or perforating trauma. The early detection of osteomyelitis is challenging, and treatment has a guarded prognosis.A 3-month-old warmblood filly was presented with severe lameness, swelling, and palpable heat in the right cubital region. Ultrasonographic examination revealed signs suggestive of septic arthritis. Joint lavage and intra-articular injection of antibiotic were performed, but synovial swab cultures were sterile. Subsequently worsened lameness and increased body temperature prompted further investigations, confirming physitis and lung involvement. Definitive <i>R. equi</i> diagnosis was obtained from physeal curettage samples. Surgical drainage and repeated curettage were performed, along with antibiotic therapy based on antibiograms.Radiographic follow-ups showed reduction in bone defect size, and magnetic field therapy was employed during hospitalization, additionally to medical and surgical treatment. Long-term follow-up indicated sustained improvement without recurrence.This case demonstrates that early recognition of <i>R. equi</i> orthopedic infections requires a multidisciplinary approach and comprehensive diagnostic testing, including imaging and culture for antibiogram-guided therapy. In cases of P-type bone infection aggressive surgical treatment, consisting of repeated curettage of the involved physis is essential to address underlying pathology and promote tissue healing. Despite associated challenges and costs, these procedures significantly improve long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"53 5","pages":"341-346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Investigation into the use of an obstetric intervention protocol in high-prolific sows with and without parturition induction].","authors":"Helene Haller, Lisa Wahl, Johannes Kauffold","doi":"10.1055/a-2681-7528","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2681-7528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>According to the literature, the dystocia rate in sows lies between 10-55%. Manual obstetrics (MO) is used to counteract the negative effects of dystocia, such as increased stillbirth rates. Data on birth intervals associated with an increased risk of stillbirth, vary between 30-60 min. With increasing farrowing duration in today's high-prolific sows farrowing supervision with appropriate obstetric intervention are increasingly relevant. The aim of this study was to test a differentiated obstetric intervention protocol in high-prolific sows to reduce the stillbirth rate. The study aimed to contribute to the harmonization of data on the birth physiology of these animals and to elucidate the frequency of necessary obstetric interventions.210 births of Yorkshire Landrace hybrid sows housed in crates were observed. The sows farrowed spontaneously (G1, n=70) or were treated with cloprostenol to induce parturition on the 114th day of gestation and farrowed within 12-24 h (G2, n=63) or after >24 h (G3, n=77). MO was administered if the interval between two piglets exceeded 60 min after the 1^st, 45 min after the 2^nd-5^th and 30 min after the 6^th and subsequent piglets. The births were grouped according to birth induction (G1, G2, G3), parity (P1, P2-4, P≥5) and litter size (W5-14, W15-18; W19-22, W≥23) and compared in terms of farrowing characteristics.In W19-22 and W≥23, MO was performed more often than in smaller litters (81.1% and 85.2% vs.≤60%; p≤0.02 respectively). MO was performed more frequently in P≥5 than in P2-4 and P1 (87.7% vs. 73.3% and 60.3%; p≤0.05 respectively). In the second half of the birth, the rate of MO was more than twice as high as in P1 and P2-4 at 30-60%. The proportion of stillborn piglets increased linearly with the relative birth rank and averaged 5.2%. At W≥23, the stillbirth rate was twice as high as for litter sizes up to 18 piglets, despite more frequent MO.The low stillbirth rate indicates that the obstetric intervention protocol shortens the duration of parturition and reduces stillbirths, especially in sows≥5th litter. However, its use has to be negotiated against economic (availability of personnel) and hygienic aspects (risk of infection due to frequent MO).</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"53 5","pages":"301-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The importance of selenium for neonatal foals and calves - a literature review].","authors":"Lydia Tatjana Stahl, Axel Wehrend","doi":"10.1055/a-2685-1049","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2685-1049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article provides an overview of the clinically relevant functions and metabolic processes of selenium. Especially equine and bovine neonates are affected by selenium deficiency leading to serious consequences. Severe selenium deficiency may especially result in skeletal and/or heart muscles damage, which can result in serious illness and death of the animal. The typical clinical picture is known under various names and is often referred to as rhabdomyolysis, or more precisely as nutritional muscular dystrophy (NMD) and in the past usually as white muscle disease. Early recognition of nutritional muscular dystrophy (NMD) is crucial for prognosis. The typical clinical signs and treatment options are described in this summary. A single selenium injection can raise deficient selenium concentrations in calves and foals preventing serious illness. As Germany is widely regarded as a selenium deficiency area, a single selenium injection can be given to the affected calf or foal in case a selenium deficiency is suspected based on the history and clinical signs, in order to avert serious health consequences due to NMD. The suspicion should be verified by serum selenium analysis so that further appropriate measures are implemented. In calves, a manufacturer-compliant dosage of 5.5 mg sodium selenite and 750 mg vitamin E (all-rac-alpha-tocopherolacetat) did not result in an oversupply of selenium. Particular importance should be granted to the adequate supply of selenium to the dam during pregnancy and is more important than selenium intake via the colostrum.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"53 5","pages":"320-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145287029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Retrospective analysis of necropsy findings in South American camelids in Germany with regard to the optimization of veterinary management].","authors":"Henrik Wagner, Hannah Hümmelchen, Matthias Müller, Christin Krüger, Dirk Steinhauer, Lina Eddicks, Kim Weber, Marielle Volkwein, Grit Priemer, Sascha Gerst, Franziska Aßmuth, Martin Peters, Sabine Merbach, Sara Malberg, Ulrike Fischer, Julia Reichert, Michael Suntz, Birgit Blazey, Daniel Nobach, Ingo Schwabe, Olivia Kershaw, Robert Klopfleisch, Achim D Gruber, Lars Mundhenk, Manfred Henrich, Henning Petersen, Maja Eydner, Lisa Ulrich","doi":"10.1055/a-2632-2294","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2632-2294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate pathological findings in New World camels (NWC) with regard to possible effects on veterinary management.As part of this retrospective study, 598 necropsy findings of 70 llamas and 521 alpacas from the years 2019-2023 were analysed, 7 findings were classified as New World camelids. The findings were provided anonymously by 13 pathological examination institutes in Germany.Of the animals examined, 35.7% were found to be in a cachectic nutritional status, and in 27.4%, nutritional status was labelled as poor or moderate.Pathological findings in the gastrointestinal tract were most frequent, being observed in 49.5% of the animals. Of these cases, 59.8% showed enteritis, 33.1% gastritis and 22.6% gastric ulceration. Endoparasite infestation was the second most common finding (44.7%). Statistical analysis showed that alpacas were significantly more likely to have poor nutritional status than llamas (p<0.05). The presence of dental abnormalities (p<0.01) or inflammation in the oral area (p=0,01) had a significant effect on the nutritional status. The presence of endoparasite infestation also exerted a significant influence (p=0.001). In the current study, llamas exhibited enteritis more frequently than alpacas and adult and geriatric animals were more frequently affected than younger animals (juvenile, neonate, foetus) (p<0.05). A significant correlation was found between the occurrence of ulceration and the presence of skin lesions (p<0.05).The study shows that a variety of diseases may be the cause of death in llamas and alpacas. The challenges in the areas of parasite management, dental health and nutritional status should be emphasised. These could be mitigated by proper veterinary health monitoring as part of herd management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"53 5","pages":"310-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Polymelia in a female calf - a case report with surgical removal].","authors":"Evamaria Schraub, Nüket Bilgen, Izabela Szczerbal","doi":"10.1055/a-2681-8188","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2681-8188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The female German Holstein calf presented here was born with a complete additional forelimb. The forelimb's attachment point was between the shoulder blades. This is referred to as notomelia, a form of polymelia. On the 15^th day of the calf's life, the additional limb was removed surgically. The surgery and wound healing progressed in a satisfactory manner. The cytogenetic tests did not reveal any chromosomal abnormalities. Genetic testing showed no indication of presence of a chimera that could be the cause of the anomaly. Antigens of the Schmallenberg virus were not detected, an antibody titer against the virus was present at birth and on the 15^th day of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"53 5","pages":"327-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Resistance patterns of bovine mastitis-associated Escherichia coli isolates to selected antimicrobial agents in Austria].","authors":"Susanna Piechl, Verena Urbantke, Joachim Spergser, Axel Wehrend, Thomas Wittek, Martina Baumgartner","doi":"10.1055/a-2638-4534","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2638-4534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Escherichia (E.) coli</i> is one of the most important environmentally associated mastitis pathogens worldwide. Gram-negative bacteria can cause numerous clinical symptoms. Lipopolysaccharide (cell wall component of gram-negative bacteria) triggers an immune reaction in the mammary gland. Individual cow-associated factors such as lactation stage and age also play a major role. Due to the different forms of mastitis, there are also different therapeutic approaches. Severe cases of mastitis are treated with systemic antimicrobial therapy. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing in compliance with international standards is essential for this approach. One major focus is a more targeted use of antimicrobials and a reduction of critically important antimicrobials in practice to avoid development of multidrug resistant bacteria.To determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of mastitis-associated <i>E. coli</i>, isolates originating from quarter milk samples of cows with mastitis were tested using different phenotypic methods. The antimicrobial resistance was tested using agar disk diffusion test (ADD, ampicillin, cefoperazone, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, kanamycin/cefalexin, ciprofloxacin, cefepime, gentamicin, kanamycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole) and a commercially available broth microdilution method (MICRONAUT-S Mastitis 3, Bruker Corporation, Billerica, Massachusetts, USA) for determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC, ampicillin, cefazolin, cefoperazone, cefquinom, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, kanamycin/cefalexin, and marbofloxacin). To investigate extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production and AmpC-producing the Mast D68C test (D68C MASTDISCS, Mast Group Ltd, UK) was used.In both methods isolates showed a high <i>in vitro</i> susceptibility to quinolones and fluoroquinolones, 3^rd and 4^th generation cephalosporins and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. In contrast, high resistance rates were found against trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (24.0%), tetracycline (17.5%) and ampicillin (ADD 19.5%). Four isolates were phenotypically ESBL positive; none of the isolates showed phenotypically AmpC β-lactamase activity.Based on the results, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid can be considered an alternative option for antimicrobial treatment of <i>E. coli</i> mastitis in bovines. However, further studies are necessary to confirm <i>in vivo</i> efficacy. The targeted use of antimicrobial substances in human and veterinary medicine is essential to restrain the development of ESBL -producing bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"53 5","pages":"289-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145303533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could fecal estrone sulfate be used as a confirmatory pregnancy diagnosis in South American camelids?","authors":"Thomas Wittek, Anna Riepl, Andrea Hildebrand, Julia Baumeister","doi":"10.1055/a-2563-3236","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2563-3236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnancy diagnosis in South American camelids (SAC) is commonly performed in early pregnancy about 30 to 45 days after mating. Due to embryonic mortality, it is advisable to confirm the pregnancy later. A laboratory analysis would be ideal for this confirmative test using samples which can be obtained by the breeders. Sampling of feces from the ground immediately after defecation would be both simple and convenient for the animal and breeder. Estrone sulfate which is synthetized by the placenta indicating pregnancy has been found in feces and used as marker for pregnancy in various animal species (e. g. pigs, primates).The objective of this study was to measure estrone sulfate concentrations in feces of SAC and assess if the fecal estrone sulfate concentrations are suitable for non-invasive pregnancy detection.Eighty-six mares (81 alpacas and 5 llamas) from different herds in Germany and Austria were sampled over a period of one year. The mares were selected by the breeders regardless the age, nutritional status or number of previous pregnancies. Of the 86 mares, 83.72% (72 mares) became pregnant and 16.28% (14 mares) remained non-pregnant despite being mated. All mares were sampled monthly. The fecal samples were analyzed in the laboratory using a commercial Estrone-3-Sulfate (E1S) Competitive Elisa Kit.The estrone sulfate concentrations in feces showed a wide variation over the entire sampling period and between individual animals. There was a significant difference in concentration at the end of pregnancy (14 d before parturition). Additionally, wide variations in estrone sulfate concentrations were also observed in the feces of non-pregnant mares. Consequently, the AUC characterizing the diagnostic value of fecal estrone sulfate concentration to detect pregnancy between days 60 and 150 was very low (0.455).It must be concluded that estrone sulfate analysis in feces as collected post defecation in this study failed to demonstrate any potential as a confirmatory method for pregnancy diagnosis in SAC. The increase at the end of pregnancy is unimportant for practical diagnostic procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":23115,"journal":{"name":"Tieraerztliche Praxis Ausgabe Grosstiere Nutztiere","volume":"53 4","pages":"226-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}