Yuqing Zhou , Jun Nan Yang , Haoming He , Shi Yao Zhang , Ke Ren Deng , Shiyang Li , Ding Hu , Zhimin Wu , Liu Tan
{"title":"Insights on the role of KFCT in phase transition and thermal decomposition mechanism of ammonium nitrate","authors":"Yuqing Zhou , Jun Nan Yang , Haoming He , Shi Yao Zhang , Ke Ren Deng , Shiyang Li , Ding Hu , Zhimin Wu , Liu Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.180005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.180005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>AN-based products face challenges due to the phase transition at room temperature and structural instability. To better look into the thermal decomposition mechanism of AN, potassium ferrocyanide (KFCT) was selected as an additive to study its effect on the crystal form modulation and the thermal decomposition of AN. The results show that AN/KFCT co-crystal that does not undergo phase transition at room temperature was prepared. The thermal decomposition of AN/KFCT co-crystal is divided into three stages compared to that of pure AN. Thermal findings highlighted that Fe<sup>3+</sup>can reduce the thermal stability of AN. Co-crystallization enables Fe<sup>2+</sup> to be encapsulated in crystals and therefore not oxidized during evaporative crystallization. Fe<sup>2+</sup>can inhibit the auto-catalytic process of AN by consuming auto-catalytic factor (NO<sub>2</sub>). Furthermore, the TG-MS was used to study the thermal decomposition mechanism of AN/KFCT co-crystal. The thermal decomposition pathways of AN/KFCT co-crystal was clear constructed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23058,"journal":{"name":"Thermochimica Acta","volume":"749 ","pages":"Article 180005"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fanqin Xiong , Baozhong Zhu , Cong Jiang , Changqing Su , Jun Liu , Jiuyu Chen , Minggao Xu , Yunlan Sun
{"title":"Study on the combustion performance and micro-reaction mechanism of aluminum nanoparticles modified by fluorinated graphene with different contents","authors":"Fanqin Xiong , Baozhong Zhu , Cong Jiang , Changqing Su , Jun Liu , Jiuyu Chen , Minggao Xu , Yunlan Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.180002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.180002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Utilizing fluorinated graphene (FG) to modify aluminum nanoparticles (Al NPs) can improve their reaction performance, but the optimal ratio and the interaction mechanism are not yet clear. In this study, experimental research was combined with ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulations to explore the effect of FG content on the combustion performance of Al/FG composites, and to reveal the micro-reaction mechanism. The results indicate that when FG content is low, its modification effect on the Al NPs is limited. As FG content increases, the reaction performance and combustion characteristics are significantly improved. However, excessive FG can reduce the reaction efficiency of FG and lead to the serious decrease in system energy density. The optimal FG content is about 30 wt. %. This study fills the gap in FG-modified Al NPs and provides guidance for the practical application of modified Al particles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23058,"journal":{"name":"Thermochimica Acta","volume":"749 ","pages":"Article 180002"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tobías Schmidt De León , María L. Salum , Rosa Erra-Balsells
{"title":"Thermal stability of ionic matrices for MALDI-MS. A comparative study in solid state with classical matrices","authors":"Tobías Schmidt De León , María L. Salum , Rosa Erra-Balsells","doi":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.180004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.180004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) relies on the rapid absorption of laser energy by the matrix initiating a succession of events occurring in a high-vacuum chamber, including energy redistribution, temperature increase, analyte and matrix desorption, and their ionization. This study investigates the thermal behavior of classical acidic MALDI matrices (<em>E-</em>sinapinic acid (ESA), <em>E-</em>ferulic acid (EFE), <em>E-p-</em>coumaric acid (ECUM), and <em>E</em>-α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (ECHCA)), their <em>Z</em>-isomers (ZSA, ZFE, ZCUM), and their salts formed with organic amines called ionic matrices (IMs). Using TGA, DSC, and <sup>1</sup>H NMR spectroscopy, we observed that <em>ortho</em>/<em>para</em>-substituted <em>E</em>-cinnamic acids with electron-donating groups thermally decompose via decarboxylation to produce styrene derivatives. IMs exhibited lower melting and decomposition temperatures compared to the crystalline matrix, improving the desorption/ionization process. However, IMs demonstrated lower analyte signal stability under successive laser shots, likely due to increased thermal decomposition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23058,"journal":{"name":"Thermochimica Acta","volume":"749 ","pages":"Article 180004"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Łukasz Omen , Andrzej J. Panas , Robert Szczepaniak , Andrzej Dudziński
{"title":"Microcalorimetric analysis of granular microencapsulated phase change material including the effects of thermal cycling","authors":"Łukasz Omen , Andrzej J. Panas , Robert Szczepaniak , Andrzej Dudziński","doi":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.180001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.180001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The subject of the article is the study of granular microcapsules filled with BASF Micronal DS5038 X phase change material (PCM) using thermal analysis methods: thermogravimetry (TG) and microcalorimetry (DSC). The core DSC measurements were performed over a temperature range covering −20 °C to 55 °C or 80 °C, i.e. the area of the two identified, separable ranges of phase change for the filling material. Varying rates of heating/cooling ranging from 1 K·min<sup>−1</sup> to 10 K·min<sup>−1</sup> were used. The results of the microcalorimetric measurements were supplemented with TG results, ranging from 25 °C to 550 °C. The characterisation of the studied granulate was also complemented by the results of microscopic and profilometric studies documenting the structure of the microcapsules. Based on the results, the enthalpy and temperature of the onset and end of the observed phase changes were determined, as well as representative temperature dependencies of the apparent specific heat were determined – for both heating and cooling processes. The behaviour of the pellets under cyclic forcing of temperature changes with different rates of change was also documented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23058,"journal":{"name":"Thermochimica Acta","volume":"748 ","pages":"Article 180001"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on the effect of rice husk ash and nano silica on the early hydration kinetic characteristics of oil well cement","authors":"Tianle Liu , Hao Xu , Shaojun Zheng , Huaimeng Gu , Dayang Wen , Yonglin Shan , Guosheng Jiang , Tian Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.179995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.179995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To explore the feasibility of using rice husk ash (RHA) as a substitute for nano-silica (NS) in partially replacing oil well cement and establishing a green, low-carbon oil well cement system, this study explores the effects of RHA and NS on the early hydration kinetics of cement using isothermal calorimetry at 20, 30, and 50 °C. The hydration exothermic rate and cumulative heat release of oil well cement with varying RHA and NS dosages were analyzed by isothermal calorimetry. Based on the Krstulovic’-Dabic’ model, hydration kinetics were evaluated and validated through thermogravimetric analysis. Results showed that RHA accelerated the peak exothermic rate and increased its intensity by 11.09 % and 38.62 % at 20 °C and 30 °C, respectively, with temperature effects being more pronounced at 50 °C. Both RHA and NS shortened induction and acceleration periods, enhanced product nucleation and growth rates, and prolonged phase boundary reactions. As temperature rose, RHA's pozzolanic activity significantly boosted cement hydration. The kinetic model effectively described the early hydration characteristics, offering insights into RHA's role in cement hydration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23058,"journal":{"name":"Thermochimica Acta","volume":"748 ","pages":"Article 179995"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haoying Liu , Li Hong , Yanchun Li , Aifeng Jiang , Dongming Song
{"title":"The influence of temperature and humidity on the decomposition of HMX-HTPB polymer-bonded explosives","authors":"Haoying Liu , Li Hong , Yanchun Li , Aifeng Jiang , Dongming Song","doi":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.180003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.180003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the thermal stability of HMX-based polymer-bonded explosives (PBX), this study used thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry (TG/DSC) and accelerated aging tests to examine how temperature and humidity affect the decomposition of HMX-HTPB explosives. Results show that HTPB significantly reduces HMX's thermal stability, leading to a two-stage decomposition process. In the first stage, HTPB cracks and causes minor solid-phase decomposition of HMX, lowering the decomposition temperature from 281.52 °C to 271.20 °C. The second stage involves further decomposition of residual HMX after its melting point at 284.09 °C. After 15 days of aging at 71 °C and 90 % relative humidity, the thermal stability markedly deteriorates, with violent decomposition occurring at 266.51 °C. XRD and FTIR analyses revealed that the distortion of the HMX crystal structure, free radicals from HTPB chain scission, and formation of volatile oligomers are the main factors reducing thermal stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23058,"journal":{"name":"Thermochimica Acta","volume":"749 ","pages":"Article 180003"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of amorphous structure on the catalytic properties of NiO in the thermal decomposition of typical energy-containing materials","authors":"SiHeng Li, YiFan Jiang, FengQi Zhao, Na Li, Ding Liu, YingNan Dong, WenGang Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.179996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.179996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Nickel oxide (NiO) exhibited good catalytic performance for the thermal decomposition of AP but has limited catalytic activity for RDX and HMX. By adjusting the amorphous state, the number of active sites on the surface of NiO can be increased, thereby enhancing its catalytic activity. In this study, the amorphous NiO (Ra-NiO) with high specific surface area was successfully synthesized and characterized systemically. The Ra-NiO exhibited superior catalytic properties for the thermal decomposition of AP, HMX and RDX. Compared with the commercial γ-NiO, the Ra-NiO decreased the peak decomposition temperature of the HMX by 14.6 °C as well as the activation energy by 213.5 kJ·mol<sup>-1</sup>. Furthermore, the initial decomposition temperature is decreased by 68.8°C and the heat release is increased by 34.5 % (752.4 J·g<sup>-1</sup>). These results underscore the substantial advantages of amorphous modulation in enhancing the catalytic activity of catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23058,"journal":{"name":"Thermochimica Acta","volume":"748 ","pages":"Article 179996"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Umar Abdullahi Isah , Muhammad Imran Rashid , Silas Kiman , Ibrahim Maina Idriss , Habu Mohammed Iyodo
{"title":"Kinetics and heating rates effects on coal devolatilization during pyrolysis","authors":"Umar Abdullahi Isah , Muhammad Imran Rashid , Silas Kiman , Ibrahim Maina Idriss , Habu Mohammed Iyodo","doi":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.179999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.179999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coal type, particle size, and, most importantly, the heating rate under which it occurs influence the degree of swelling and plasticity. The heating method, whether rapid or slow, can significantly impact the pyrolysis characteristics, volatile matter content, softening, devolatilization, and resolidification of coals. As the heating rate increased during pyrolysis, the devolatilization rate shifted to higher temperatures, leading to an increase in both T<sub>max</sub> and R<sub>max</sub>. The activation energy for the primary devolatilization stage increased with increasing heating rates (53.7–59.7 kJ/mol) but decreased for the secondary devolatilization stage (47.6–45.7 kJ/mol), respectively. This trend of results suggests that coal macromolecules decompose more quickly at higher heating rates. However, this study mimicked the coking conditions in the blast furnace by using low heating rates. Future work will consider more coal samples with distinct rheological and petrographic properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23058,"journal":{"name":"Thermochimica Acta","volume":"748 ","pages":"Article 179999"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Functionalized phenoxy-imine catalyst for synthesizing highly crystalline nascent UHMWPEs: Isothermal crystallization kinetics of less-entangled systems","authors":"Sheng-Li Wu , Yi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.180000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.180000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study compares the isothermal crystallization kinetics of nascent less-entangled UHMWPE (<em>PE_30°C_60min</em>, synthesized via 5F-BAOFI/MAO) with conventional highly entangled C-UHMWPE of similar molecular weight. Avrami kinetic and Lauritzen-Hoffman analysis revealed that chain entanglement density critically governs crystallization behavior. The less-entangled <em>PE_30°C_60min</em> demonstrated superior crystallizability, evidenced by more crystalline domains in longer crystallization times compared to C-UHMWPE. Lauritzen-Hoffman calculations quantified interfacial energy differences: <em>PE_30°C_60min</em> exhibited a lower free energy of fold surface (<em>σ</em><sub>e</sub> = 8.16 × 10<sup>-2</sup> J ‧ m<sup>-2</sup>) compared to C-UHMWPE (<em>σ</em><sub>e</sub> = 0.11 J ‧ m<sup>-2</sup>), confirming that reduced chain entanglement enhances crystal growth kinetics. These results establish that tailored synthesis conditions controlling nascent chain entanglement effectively modulate UHMWPE crystallization kinetics and material properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23058,"journal":{"name":"Thermochimica Acta","volume":"749 ","pages":"Article 180000"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydrogen-bond density controlled sub-Tg annealing peaks in fast-scanning-chip calorimeter heating scans of non-crystallized aliphatic polyamides","authors":"René Androsch , Christoph Schick","doi":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.179997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tca.2025.179997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of aliphatic polyamides (PAs) including PA 6, PA 6.6, PA 6.10, PA 6.12, PA 11, and PA 12 has been subjected to physical aging and analyzed regarding changes of structure during annealing at temperatures around 50 to 100 K below the glass transition temperature (<span><math><msub><mi>T</mi><mi>g</mi></msub></math></span>) for periods up to few hours, employing fast scanning chip calorimetry (FSC). Annealing the amorphous glass of non-crystallized samples at such low temperatures produces endothermic sub-<span><math><msub><mi>T</mi><mi>g</mi></msub></math></span> annealing peaks at slightly higher temperature in subsequently recorded FSC heating scans, scaling in area with the time of annealing for a given annealing temperature. Variation of the annealing temperature furthermore indicates that the underlying process of structure-change slows down with decreasing annealing temperature but not disappears even 100 K below <span><math><mrow><mspace></mspace><msub><mi>T</mi><mi>g</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>. Most important, comparison of the behavior of the various PAs investigated reveals a distinct effect of the chemical structure such that the amount of structure-reorganization (glass relaxation and/or ordering) in a pre-defined period of time reduces with decreasing methylene-group sequence-length between amide groups. It appears that the amide-group concentration in the chains, which determines the density of the hydrogen-bond network to neighbored molecular segments, controls/restricts the re-arrangements of sub-nm sized molecular units.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23058,"journal":{"name":"Thermochimica Acta","volume":"748 ","pages":"Article 179997"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}