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Colored grains: Chemistry, health benefits and processing 有色谷物:化学、健康益处和加工
The Pharma Innovation Journal Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I5E.6233
Arunima Sh, G. Kumar, R. Krishnan, Thasniya Mohammed
{"title":"Colored grains: Chemistry, health benefits and processing","authors":"Arunima Sh, G. Kumar, R. Krishnan, Thasniya Mohammed","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I5E.6233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I5E.6233","url":null,"abstract":"Grains are important part of our diet and among them colored grains are getting more research interest among scientist due to their enhanced nutritional, antioxidant and health promoting properties. According to different studies anthocyanins like cyanidin, malvidin, delphinidin, petunidin, peonidin and pelargonidin glycosides were identified and quantified in different colored grains like rice, maize, barley and wheat mainly by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. Antioxidant activity of these pigmented grains cereals are measured using DPPH, FRAP, ORAC and ABTS assays and it was found to be related to the total anthocyanin content. Currently researches are being conducted on baked and extruded products from colored cereals like bread, biscuit, muffins, pasta, noodles etc. Application of colored grains are limited in to food colorants and in small scale as functional food products due to the thermal stability related issue of the bioactive compounds in colored grains and this area should be taken more in to consideration to stabilize these compounds and to introduce these pigmented grain based products to consumers in large scale after proper market analysis.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"317-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72727141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A comprehensive review on antinutritional factors of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) 鹰嘴豆抗营养因子研究综述
The Pharma Innovation Journal Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I5K.6306
Aniket Idate, Roshan Shah, Vaibhav Gaikwad, Sandeep Kumathekar, Sushant Temgire
{"title":"A comprehensive review on antinutritional factors of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)","authors":"Aniket Idate, Roshan Shah, Vaibhav Gaikwad, Sandeep Kumathekar, Sushant Temgire","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I5K.6306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I5K.6306","url":null,"abstract":"Chickpeas are a prominent legume mostly in the Mediterranean and Western regions. It is a vital part of the human diet because it is a cost-effective source of calories, proteins, carbohydrates, fibre, B-group vitamins, and minerals. However, a few antinutritional factors found in legumes reduce the bioavailability of some nutrients. Chickpea antinutrients have sparked health concerns as one of the most nutritious components of the human diet. Processing chickpea increases their sensorial, nutritional, and physical qualities while reducing antinutritional factors. Soaking, germination, boiling, extrusion, and microwave cooking are some of the common processing techniques for chickpeas. As a result of this processing, antinutritional factors i.e., tannins, trypsin, phytic acids, hemagglutinins, and other antinutritional factors are decreased. It also discusses the ability for anti-nutritional stimuli to have a negative impact on human health. Additionally, successful and effective strategies for reduction of anti-nutritional factors and maximisation of chickpea nutritional properties are discussed.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"816-823"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82621284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Pasta: Raw materials, processing and quality improvement 面食:原料、加工及质量改进
The Pharma Innovation Journal Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I5SC.6205
G. S. Kumar, Arunima Sh, R. Krishnan, Thasniya Mohammed
{"title":"Pasta: Raw materials, processing and quality improvement","authors":"G. S. Kumar, Arunima Sh, R. Krishnan, Thasniya Mohammed","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I5SC.6205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I5SC.6205","url":null,"abstract":"Pasta is a ready to eat extruded product having higher nutritional properties. It is really suited for daily balance diet because of the higher concentration of unsaturated fatty acid. Mixing, extrusion, drying, cooling and packaging are the major steps used in the production of pasta. Pasta can be produced from different cereals like sorghum, maize, wheat, rice, oats and the addition of these cereals can change the textural, functional, physiochemical properties and microstructure of pasta. The yellow colour is the most acceptable range of pasta by customers. Pasta helps to Lower glycaemic index and type 2 diabetics and reduce abdominal obesity. Pasta is a nutritious food helps to reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease.This review paper provides an updated information about the different cereals used, fortification of pasta with different plant and animal sources, production technologies, effect of thermal treatments, extrusion conditions, microstructure, and colorimetry of pasta.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"137 1","pages":"185-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73931463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Honey crystallization: Mechanism, evaluation and application 蜂蜜结晶:机理、评价及应用
The Pharma Innovation Journal Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I5SD.6213
R. Krishnan, Thasniya Mohammed, G. S. Kumar, Arunima Sh
{"title":"Honey crystallization: Mechanism, evaluation and application","authors":"R. Krishnan, Thasniya Mohammed, G. S. Kumar, Arunima Sh","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I5SD.6213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I5SD.6213","url":null,"abstract":"Crystallization of honey is a natural phenomenon, and it also gives the authenticity of honey. But most of the consumers consider crystallization as adulteration of honey. Crystallization process will not cause any change in nutritional value if honey is properly crystallized, but improper crystallization will lead to increase in water activity and thus leading to fermentation. It is a desired phenomenon in the production of creamed honey, a spread that is becoming popular among the consumers. The factors that influence crystallization include F/G ratio, G/W ratio, presence of crystallization centres and storage temperature. There are several methods to evaluate crystallization in honey including DSC, NMR, molecular dynamics etc. Crystallization being an undesired phenomenon, there are several methods to prevent it such as heating honey or storing at low temperature, ultrasound treatment, filtration, ultrafiltration. There are latest studies focussing on the addition of certain food additives also lowers crystallization rate.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":"222-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75175600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
In-vitro embryo production in caprine using slaughterhouse ovaries 利用屠宰场卵巢在绵羊体内体外培育胚胎
The Pharma Innovation Journal Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5950
Bosco Jose, M. Tripathi, Abhishek Kumar, P. Konda, M. Sarkar
{"title":"In-vitro embryo production in caprine using slaughterhouse ovaries","authors":"Bosco Jose, M. Tripathi, Abhishek Kumar, P. Konda, M. Sarkar","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5950","url":null,"abstract":"The slaughterhouse Caprine ovaries were the cheap source of Caprine germplasm, and it was collected in a hygienic method within a short period. The slicing was the method of oocyte isolation followed in this study. The grade A and B quality oocytes were isolated, washed, and matured in a prepared media. The does in standing heat was identified and fresh buck semen was collected from trained buck available in the animal shed. The collected semen was evaluated for physical attributes, mass motility, live percentage of spermatozoa, individual motility, acrosomal integrity, and the Hypoosmotic swelling test (HOST). The semen from proven buck was used for the successful in-vitro fertilization (IVF) of oocyte and production of Caprine embryos. Various factors were affected the successful production of cleaved embryos in Caprine and were well explained by various authors. The stepwise precautions needed to be taken to successful in vitro embryo production were the main objective of this study.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"2011 1","pages":"11-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78909158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
De-stalking and its impact on health of women de-stalkers of dry chilli pods in Guntur district Guntur地区干辣椒豆荚脱手妇女的脱手行为及其对健康的影响
The Pharma Innovation Journal Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4Q.6172
R. Prabhavathi, D. Anitha, J. Vastrad, T. Neeraja, K. K. Prakash
{"title":"De-stalking and its impact on health of women de-stalkers of dry chilli pods in Guntur district","authors":"R. Prabhavathi, D. Anitha, J. Vastrad, T. Neeraja, K. K. Prakash","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4Q.6172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4Q.6172","url":null,"abstract":"De-stalking is one of the problematic areas in chilli processing units. Generally, a women group is engaged in destalking daily 5-10 hours for 4 months in a year. Majority of the women at a time removed stalks more than 6 pods and destalked more than 6 kg per day. In this context, while de-stalking, the prickliness of the stalks creates injuries to the fingers. Majority of them expressed they got scars on fingers, pain in hands, itchiness in their fingers and also complained that facing difficulty in in eating food and attending to the daily household chores. For these problems, used some of their own ordinary protective measures like wrapping of old cloth and purikosa (jute rope) to their fingers, worn band aids, rubber bands, etc. to get rid of them. But the survey results indicated that they were not comfort with their ordinary gadgets. Hence, this survey was indicated that the emerging needs to be developed protective gadget for hands with comfort and low cost while de-stalking of chillies in the study area.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"415 1","pages":"1169-1173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79435916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Pattern of induced estrus during superovulatory programme in Kangayam donor cows 康加亚姆供牛超排卵期诱导发情模式
The Pharma Innovation Journal Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5945
Periyannan Mani, S. Mani, Ravikumar Kaliannan, Raja Angamuthu
{"title":"Pattern of induced estrus during superovulatory programme in Kangayam donor cows","authors":"Periyannan Mani, S. Mani, Ravikumar Kaliannan, Raja Angamuthu","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5945","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present study is to report the pattern of induced estrus before the superovulatory treatment in Kangayam donor cows. A total of 16 Kangayam donor cows were selected for this study. The animals were treated with two doses of 500 μg PGF2α intramuscularly at an interval of 11 days. At 24 hours after the administration of 2 dose of PGF2α, all the Kangayam donor cows were observed for estrus response, onset of estrum, sign of induced estrus, duration of induced estrus, fern pattern and intensity of estrus. The onset of estrus was 61.00±1.89 hours, duration of estrus was 18.25±1.4 hours and the intensities of estrus were 62.5%, 25% and 12.5% as intense, intermediate and weak respectively in Kangayam donor cows.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"05-08"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73874568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On field diagnostic and prognostic indicators of pregnancy toxaemia in goats 山羊妊娠毒血症的现场诊断及预后指标
The Pharma Innovation Journal Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SB.5972
V. Vijayanand, M. Balagangatharathilagar
{"title":"On field diagnostic and prognostic indicators of pregnancy toxaemia in goats","authors":"V. Vijayanand, M. Balagangatharathilagar","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SB.5972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SB.5972","url":null,"abstract":"Periparturient mortality in goats have a great economic impact on the livelihood of marginal farmer. Pregnancy toxaemia in small ruminants occur as a result of negative energy balance consequent to enhanced requirement for glucose by the developing foetuses in the last trimester (last 6 to 4 weeks) of gestation. Among the does treated for various medical conditions at Veterinary University Peripheral Hospital, Madhavaram Milk Colony, Chennai – 51 during the period October 2016 – September 2018, 72 does in their last six weeks of gestation carrying twins / triplets and presented with the history of off feed were subjected to determination of blood beta hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) level by means of a portable blood ketone and glucose monitoring system and qualitative urinalysis using urine dip stick. Does with beta hydroxybutyric acid level > 0.8 mmol/L and < 1.6 mmol/L were classified as sub clinical pregnancy toxaemic group (n = 12) and beta hydroxybutyric acid level > 1.6 mmol/L were classified as clinical pregnancy toxaemic group (n = 12). The control animals were selected from adult Tellicherry does in the age group of 2 to 4 years maintained at Livestock Farm Complex (LFC), Madhavaram Milk Colony, Chennai – 600 051. The pregnancy toxaemic does were resorted to treatment with intravenous glucose therapy (5 per cent Dextrose), parenteral therapy of Vitamin B1, B6 & B12 and oral administration of glycerine @ 25 ml twice daily. All the twelve does of sub clinical pregnancy toxaemic group recovered completely with a cure rate of 100 per cent while in the clinical pregnancy toxaemic group the cure rate was only 33 per cent. On field reliable diagnostic indicators of pregnancy toxaemia include blood βhyroxybutyric acid concentration (≥ 0.8 mmol/L) and presence of ketone body, glucose and protein in urine while hyperglycaemia in advanced pregnancy toxaemic does indicate foetal death.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"78 1","pages":"77-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80906380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Surgical management of ocular squamous cell carcinoma in a cross breed Holstein Friesian cattle 杂交荷斯坦弗里西亚牛眼部鳞状细胞癌的手术治疗
The Pharma Innovation Journal Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5947
A. Vijay, Ponnu Swamy Kk, R. Rajkumar, H. Yamini, Nassema
{"title":"Surgical management of ocular squamous cell carcinoma in a cross breed Holstein Friesian cattle","authors":"A. Vijay, Ponnu Swamy Kk, R. Rajkumar, H. Yamini, Nassema","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4SA.5947","url":null,"abstract":"Five years old cross breed Holstein Friesian cow was presented with the history of swelling on the right eye. On histopathological examination the mass was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma and it was managed by extirpation of the right globe on nerve block techniques.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"431 1","pages":"09-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77812443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Isolation of an endophytic fungus Colletotrichum sp. and study of its plant growth promoting traits 内生真菌炭疽菌(Colletotrichum sp.)的分离及其促生性状研究
The Pharma Innovation Journal Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4O.6129
S. Roy, B. Mukherjee, S. Dutta
{"title":"Isolation of an endophytic fungus Colletotrichum sp. and study of its plant growth promoting traits","authors":"S. Roy, B. Mukherjee, S. Dutta","doi":"10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4O.6129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22271/TPI.2021.V10.I4O.6129","url":null,"abstract":"Some fungi grow within plant parts and live as endosymbiont without causing apparent disease and enhance host growth, carrying defense response, nutrient acquisition, decrease biotic and abiotic stress, used as biofertilizer, also great role in medicine industry, known as endophytic fungi. Here five different fungi strains have been isolated from different plant parts of Plumbago zeylanica Linn. from the Departmental garden of Botany department of Burdwan university. These fungi strains show different plant growth traits like IAA production, Nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, production of ammonia, polysaccharide, HCN, organic acid. These strains also can tolerate from different concentrations of salt. Among all fungal strains SL4 was identified as Colletotrichum sp. by 18S rRNA gene sequencing and gave the best result in most of the PGP traits of the fungal strains. Considering all these properties, SL4 strain can be used in agricultural field for cultivation of crops or in different nurseries as phytostimulator as well as biofertilizer.","PeriodicalId":23030,"journal":{"name":"The Pharma Innovation Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"1038-1044"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76067370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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