Thyroid最新文献

{"title":"A Prospective Clinical Trial of Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients with Low-Risk Unifocal Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma Favoring Active Surveillance Over Surgery.","authors":"Ji Ye Lee, Dong Gyu Na, Jung Suk Sim, Jin Yong Sung, Sun Wook Cho, Do Joon Park, Young Joo Park, Ji-Hoon Kim","doi":"10.1089/thy.2024.0098","DOIUrl":"10.1089/thy.2024.0098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Active surveillance (AS) of papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMC) is emerging as an alternative to immediate surgery. While thermal ablation has also shown promise for low-risk PTMC, it has not been prospectively studied in patients appropriate for AS. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound (US)-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for tumor control and quality of life (QoL) management in patients with PTMC who favored AS over immediate surgery. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This prospective clinical trial was conducted at a single tertiary referral hospital from 2018 to 2021. Of 227 adult patients aged ≤60 years with low-risk unifocal PTMC favoring AS over immediate surgery, 100 patients underwent RFA for their management. The primary endpoint was the disease progression rate, and secondary endpoints were technical success, volume reduction rate (VRR), complication rates, and QoL. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The median age of the study population was 42 years (range, 27-59 years), and 83% (83/100, [CI: 66.1-100]) were female. The median follow-up was 30 months (range, 12-56 months). All 100 patients underwent RFA with technical success. Most of the ablation zones showed continuous volume reduction, and 95.9% (94/98, [CI: 77.5-100.0]) showed complete disappearance at the last follow-up. The median VRR was 100.0% at 1-year follow-up and persisted throughout the last follow-up. The cumulative disease progression rate among 98 patients who underwent at least 1-year follow-up was 3.1% (3/98, [CI: 0.6-9.0]); one patient had lymph node metastasis (treated with surgery), and two patients had new PTMC (1 treated with RFA, 1 ongoing AS). Major complications were not observed. Psychological (baseline vs. last follow-up, 7.3 vs. 8.0, <i>p</i> = 0.002) and social (8.0 vs. 8.7, <i>p</i> = 0.005) QoL scores significantly improved during follow-up without compromising physical QoL (8.6 vs. 8.5, <i>p</i> = 0.99). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> RFA can be a reasonable strategy for effectively and safely controlling tumors and improving QoL in non-elderly patients with low-risk PTMC appropriate for AS. Clinical Trial registration: This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03432299.</p>","PeriodicalId":23016,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid","volume":" ","pages":"1126-1136"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142112229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Long-Term Exposure to Environmental Fine Particulate Matter and the Prevalence of Thyroid Disorders: A National Cross-Sectional Study in China.","authors":"Kaijie Yang, Cihang Lu, Kang Chen, Zhongyan Shan, Weiping Teng, Yongze Li","doi":"10.1089/thy.2024.0286","DOIUrl":"10.1089/thy.2024.0286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Exposure to particles with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM_2.5) is associated with the occurrence of thyroid dysfunction among pregnant women and neonates, but it is not known if this association occurs in the general population. We aimed to determine the association of prolonged exposure to PM_2.5 with the prevalence of thyroid disorders among adults in China. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A nationally representative cross-sectional study of thyroid disorders, iodine status, and diabetes status was carried out in all 31 provinces across China from 2015 to 2017. In total, 73,900 adults aged 18 years and older were included. Serum concentrations of thyroid hormones, thyrotropin, and thyroid antibodies and the urine iodine concentration were measured. The environmental concentration of PM_2.5 for each participant's residential address at a spatial resolution of 1 × 1 km was estimated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The average long-term exposure to PM_2.5 at residential addresses was 66.41 μg/m³, ranging from 17.58 μg/m³ to 120.40 μg/m³. Compared with that of individuals with lower exposure levels, the prevalence of thyroid diseases such as autoimmune thyroiditis and subclinical hypothyroidism was greater in those with PM_2.5 concentrations within the third quartile range (60.18 to 73.78 μg/m³). Compared with those in the first quartile (17.58 to 46.38 μg/m³), participants in the highest PM_2.5 quartile (73.78 to 120.40 μg/m³) presented an increased risk of overt hypothyroidism (OR 1.23 [CI 0.94-1.61]), subclinical hypothyroidism (1.10 [1.01-1.21]), autoimmune thyroiditis (1.09 [1.00-1.18]), and thyroglobulin antibody positivity (1.17 [1.07-1.29]). However, there was no association between PM_2.5 exposure and overt hyperthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism, Graves' disease, or thyroid peroxidase antibody positivity (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Each 10 μg/m³ increase in the PM_2.5 concentration was associated with an increased risk of overt hypothyroidism (OR 1.05 [1.00-1.11]), subclinical hypothyroidism (1.02 [1.00-1.03]), and thyroglobulin antibody positivity (1.02 [1.00-1.04]). Furthermore, a nearly linear exposure-response relationship was observed between long-term PM_2.5 exposure and thyroglobulin antibody positivity. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> PM_2.5 exposure was associated with thyroid disorders among Chinese adults. A dose-response relationship between PM_2.5 exposure and autoimmune thyroiditis, as well as thyroglobulin antibody positivity, was also observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":23016,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid","volume":" ","pages":"1094-1104"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142005336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrophage-Induced Carboxypeptidase A4 Promotes the Progression of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.","authors":"Yeon-Sook Choi, Min Ji Jeon, Woo Kyung Lee Doolittle, Dong Eun Song, Kyunggon Kim, Won Bae Kim, Won Gu Kim","doi":"10.1089/thy.2023.0427","DOIUrl":"10.1089/thy.2023.0427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> The density of tumor-associated macrophages in the tumor microenvironment of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is associated with poor prognosis. However, the crosstalk between macrophages and ATC cells is poorly understood. This study aimed to examine the impact of macrophages on cancer cell phenotypes. We found a new mediator between M2 macrophages and ATC cells through proteomics analysis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The role of macrophages in proliferation, migration, and invasion of ATC cells was evaluated using coculture assay and conditioned medium (CM). Secretory factors in the CM from single or coculture were identified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry proteomics analysis. We evaluated the role of the secretory factor in proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells. In vivo xenograft model was used to evaluate the effect of the factor. <b><i>Results:</i></b> M2 macrophages significantly increased the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ATC cells, whereas M1 macrophages decreased the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ATC cells. Based on proteomic analysis of CM, we identify carboxypeptidase A4 (CPA4) as a mediator of the crosstalk between macrophages and ATC cells. CPA4 was only detected in the coculture media of M2 macrophage/8505C, and its expression in cancer cells increased by M2 macrophage. The expression of CPA4 protein was significantly higher in human thyroid cancers, particularly in ATCs, than normal and benign tissues. A bioinformatics analysis of public data revealed that CPA4 expression was associated with poor prognosis and dedifferentiation of thyroid cancer. Knockdown of CPA4 suppressed proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of ATC cells, consistent with the decrease of STAT3, ERK, and AKT/mTOR phosphorylation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker expression. In addition, the increased expression of CPA4 in cancer cells by M2 macrophage stimulation induced the polarization of macrophages to the M2 phenotype, which formed a positive feedback loop. Xenograft tumors did not develop after CPA4 knockdown. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our data suggest that CPA4 stimulates the progression of thyroid cancer by mediating between M2 macrophages and ATC cells. CPA4 can be a new therapeutic target for the treatment of patients with ATC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23016,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid","volume":" ","pages":"1150-1162"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140866603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association between Lymphocytic Thyroiditis and Papillary Thyroid Cancer Harboring Mutant <i>BRAF</i>: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Sumathy Perampalam, Katherine Wu, Matti Gild, Lyndal Tacon, Martyn Bullock, Roderick Clifton-Bligh","doi":"10.1089/thy.2024.0142","DOIUrl":"10.1089/thy.2024.0142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT) co-occur with a prevalence of about 30%. PTC harboring <i>BRAF^V600E</i> (PTC-<i>BRAF</i>) confers a worse prognosis, but it is unclear if LT alters prognostic features and recurrence of PTC. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> We compared the prevalence of PTC-<i>BRAF</i> with and without LT. The risk of adverse pathological features in (i) PTC in the presence and absence of <i>BRAF</i> mutation, irrespective of LT status, was compared to (ii) PTC in the presence and absence of LT, irrespective of <i>BRAF</i> status. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection for observational studies published from 2010 to June 2023 on adult patients with PTC. The search strategy yielded 47 studies with relevant data. Data of baseline characteristics, clinicopathological features, and the quality assessment tool were extracted by two reviewers. The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023437492). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 47 studies, 39 studies with a total cohort of 28 143, demonstrated that the odds of PTC-<i>BRAF</i> were significantly lower in the presence of LT compared to its absence (odds ratio [OR] 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.48-0.58, <i>p</i> < 0.00001). In PTC-<i>BRAF</i> patients, there was a positive association of central neck nodal disease (CNND), PTC > 1 cm, extra-thyroidal extension, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Stage 3-4, and multifocality with pooled ORs of 1.54 (95% CI: 1.16-2.04), 1.14 (95% CI: 0.82-1.58), 1.66 (95% CI: 1.40-1.97), 1.53 (95% CI: 1.35-1.75), and 1.24 (95% CI: 1.11-1.40) respectively, compared to wild-type PTC, irrespective of LT status. In the same studies, PTC with LT patients had lower pooled ORs of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.51-0.81) for CNND, 0.83 (95% CI: 0.73-0.95) for PTC > 1 cm, 0.71 (95% CI: 0.58-0.86) for ETE, 0.84 (95% CI: 0.75-0.94) for AJCC Stage 3-4 compared to PTC without LT, irrespective of <i>BRAF</i> status. PTC recurrence was not affected by <i>BRAF</i> or LT, with pooled ORs of 1.12 (95% CI: 0.66-1.90, <i>p</i> = 0.67) and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.28-1.30, <i>p</i> = 0.20) respectively. Similar results were seen with recurrence expressed as hazard ratio in this limited data-set. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The odds of PTC-<i>BRAF</i> are significantly lower in the presence of LT than without. PTC with LT, irrespective of <i>BRAF</i> status, was significantly associated with better prognostic factors. Further studies are required to evaluate if LT inhibits PTC-<i>BRAF</i>, and whether this is relevant to the role of immunotherapy in advanced thyroid cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23016,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid","volume":" ","pages":"1082-1093"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141470825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgeon Preference for Maximizing Medical Care Is Associated with Recommending More Extensive Surgery for Low-Risk Thyroid Cancer.","authors":"Alexis G Antunez, Megan C Saucke, Kyle J Bushaw, Alexander Chiu, Susan C Pitt","doi":"10.1089/thy.2024.0170","DOIUrl":"10.1089/thy.2024.0170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> While patient-level determinants of total thyroidectomy use have been well described, surgeon-level drivers of more extensive surgery are present and less well described. This survey sought to examine the associations between surgeons' operative recommendations, their beliefs about cancer, and their attitudes about medical maximizing-minimizing. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A mixed-mode, cross-sectional survey was administered in September 2020 via mail and email to 222 thyroid surgeons identified in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Provider Utilization and Payment Physician and Other Practitioners dataset. Participants were asked their treatment recommendation for a healthy 45-year-old woman with a solitary 2.0-cm papillary thyroid cancer. Surgeons were assessed with the Brief Worry Scale and a validated, single-item measure of cancer-related worry. The Clinician Maximizer-Minimizer scale was used to assess the extent of medical care that physicians tend to favor with their patients. Participants were categorized into terciles based on their responses to the Maximizer-Minimizer scale. The highest scoring tercile (\"Maximizers\") was compared with the two lower terciles by Student's <i>t</i>-tests, chi-square, ANOVA, and logistic regression. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 149 surgeons (response rate 67.1%), 34.9% recommended total thyroidectomy with or without central neck dissection (CND), and 65.1% recommended lobectomy. Overall, the medical Maximizer-Minimizer scale had an average score of 24.6 (SD 6.8). There were no differences between surgeons' age, race, annual thyroidectomy volume, or practice setting by their Maximizer-Minimizer classification. Participants who recommended total thyroidectomy with or without CND had significantly higher Maximizer-Minimizer scores than those recommending lobectomy (25.9 ± 7.2 vs. 23.8 ± 6.4, <i>p</i> = 0.03). Those classified as maximizers also had more cancer-related worry on both the single-item and Brief Worry Scales (<i>p</i> = 0.02). On logistic regression controlling for age, sex, race, specialty training, practice setting, and annual thyroidectomy volume, maximizers were still more likely to recommend total thyroidectomy with or without a CND (OR 2.4, [CI 1.01-5.55], <i>p</i> = 0.047). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Medical maximizing-minimizing tendencies represent one of potentially many unmeasured surgeon characteristics that may explain persistent patterns of over-diagnosis, over-treatment, and over-screening. Surgeons may benefit from awareness of how their own tendencies influence their surgical recommendations in patients with low-risk thyroid cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23016,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid","volume":" ","pages":"1181-1185"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141731423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rosalind Franklin Society Proudly Announces the 2023 Award Recipient for Thyroid.","authors":"Anita Boelen","doi":"10.1089/thy.2024.88794.rfs2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2024.88794.rfs2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23016,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid","volume":"19 1","pages":"1065"},"PeriodicalIF":6.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erectile Dysfunction in Patients Treated with Selpercatinib for <i>RET</i>-Altered Thyroid Cancer.","authors":"Antonio Matrone, Matthias Kroiss, Matti L Gild, Sarah Hamidi, Cyrus Michael Sayehli, Rhonda Siddal, Carla Gambale, Alessandro Prete, Mimi I Hu, Bruce G Robinson, Rossella Elisei","doi":"10.1089/thy.2024.0129","DOIUrl":"10.1089/thy.2024.0129","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23016,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid","volume":" ","pages":"1177-1180"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progression of Gestational Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Hypothyroxinemia to Overt Hypothyroidism After Pregnancy: Pooled Analysis of Data from Two Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Michael W Varner, Lisa Mele, Brian M Casey, Alan M Peaceman, Uma M Reddy, Ronald J Wapner, John M Thorp, George R Saade, Alan T N Tita, Dwight J Rouse, Baha M Sibai, Maged M Costantine, Brian M Mercer, Steve N Caritis","doi":"10.1089/thy.2023.0616","DOIUrl":"10.1089/thy.2023.0616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> To examine the incidence of overt hypothyroidism 1 and 5 years after pregnancies where screening before 21 weeks identified subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) or hypothyroxinemia (HT). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Secondary analysis of two multicenter treatment trials for either SH or HT diagnosed between 8 and 20 weeks gestation. Current analyses focus only on individuals randomized to the placebo groups in the two parallel studies. SH was diagnosed with thyrotropin (TSH) ≥4.0 mU/L and normal free T4 (fT4) (0.86-1.9 ng/dL). HT was diagnosed with normal TSH (0.08-3.99 mU/L) but fT4 <0.86 ng/dL. Serum from initial testing was stored for later thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibody assay; results were not returned for clinical management. At 1 and 5 years after delivery, participants were asked whether they had either been diagnosed with or were being treated for a thyroid condition. Maternal serum was collected at these visits and thyroid function measured. Subsequent overt hypothyroidism was defined as TSH ≥4.0 mU/L with fT4 <0.86 ng/dL. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Data for 1- and 5-year follow-up were available in 307 of the 338 participants with SH and 229 of the 261 with HT. Subsequent hypothyroidism was more common both at year 1 (13.4% vs. 3.1%, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and year 5 (15.6% vs. 2.6%, <i>p</i> < 0.001) for participants with SH compared with those with HT. This progression was more common in individuals with TSH values >10 mIU/mL. Baseline TPO level >50 IU/mL in participants with SH was associated with higher rates of hypothyroidism at year 1 (26.7% vs. 6.5%, odds ratio [OR] = 5.3 [confidence interval (CI) 2.6-10.7]) and year 5 (30.5% vs. 7.5%, OR = 5.4 [CI: 2.8-10.6]) compared with those with TPO levels ≤50 IU/mL. For participants with HT, no differences in overt hypothyroidism were seen at 1 year related to baseline TPO level >50 IU/mL (1/10 (10%) vs. 6/218 (2.8%), OR = 3.9 [CI: 0.43-36.1]), but more participants with TPO levels >50 IU/mL developed hypothyroidism by year 5 (2/10 (20%) vs. 4/218 (1.8%), OR = 13.4 [CI: 2.1-84.1]). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> SH is associated with higher rates of overt hypothyroidism or thyroid replacement therapy within 5 years of delivery than is HT when these conditions are diagnosed in the first half of pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23016,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid","volume":" ","pages":"1171-1176"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11563732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141724571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Multi-Institutional Medullary Thyroid Cancer Collaborative Registry: Can a Rare Tumor Registry Accurately Represent the Real-World Patient Population?","authors":"Thomas Szabo Yamashita, Sophia M Williams-Perez, Sara Ehsan, Michelle Mulder, Daniel Kronenfeld, Chiang-Yu Huang, Hui Zhao, Kelly Merriman, Susan K Peterson, Mimi I Hu, Mark Zafereo, Julie Ann Sosa, Elizabeth G Grubbs","doi":"10.1089/thy.2024.0239","DOIUrl":"10.1089/thy.2024.0239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Large population-based registries, such as the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Registry, help in the study of rare tumors, including medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), but lack data to understand the natural history of the disease. The Medullary Thyroid Cancer Collaborative Registry (MTCCoRe) is an exhaustive multi-institutional collection of demographic, clinical, and pathological data. To determine the extent to which MTCCoRe represents the real-world MTC population, we compared the characteristics of patients enrolled in MTCCoRe with patients enrolled in population-based cancer registries. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Comparison of demographic and clinical characteristics of MTC patients who were enrolled in MTCCoRe, Texas Cancer Registry (TCR), California Cancer Registry (CCR), and SEER between 1995 and 2018. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 1416 patients were identified in MTCCoRe, 329 in TCR, 2105 in CCR, and 3820 in SEER. Percentages of patients 20-54 years in MTCCoRe were 58.0%, 50.2% in TCR, 47.2% in CCR, and 44.8% in SEER (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). About half of the patients were female (55.9% in MTCCoRe, 61.4% in TCR, 59% in CCR, and 57.5% in SEER (<i>p =</i> 0.3). Percentages of Hispanic and Black patients differed among cohorts (10.1% and 3.8% for MTCCoRe, 23.7% and 8.2% for TCR, 24.8% and 4.9% in CCR, and 15.9% and 8.2% for SEER, respectively; <i>p</i> < 0.001). MTCCoRe patients presented with more advanced T and N classifications than patients in the other registries (MTCCoRe, 28.6% T3-4 and 49.4% N1; TCR, 12.7% and 32.2%; CCR, 18.6% and 32.4%; and SEER, 24% and 37.8%; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Prevalence of M1 disease was 10% in MTCCoRe, 11.9% in TCR, 14.1% in CCR, and 9.5% in SEER (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). In the MTCCoRe, 11.4% underwent systemic therapy (compared with 0.3% in TCR and 5.6% in CCR). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The clinicodemographic profile of patients with MTC enrolled in a multi-institutional registry differs from those enrolled in population-based databases, with lower proportions of Hispanic and Black patients but additive data on treatment modalities. Moving forward, MTCCoRe and other registry and clinical trial enrollment efforts should intentionally include underrepresented groups via community engagement techniques, patient stakeholder involvement, and inclusion of languages other than English in study materials to yield more generalizable results and conclusions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23016,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid","volume":" ","pages":"1117-1125"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11698660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141564382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3,3',5-Triiodothyroacetic Acid Transporters.","authors":"Zhongli Chen, Sena Yildiz, Boyka Markova, Linda J de Rooij, Selmar Leeuwenburgh, Timo Hamers, Robin P Peeters, Heike Heuer, Marcel E Meima, W Edward Visser","doi":"10.1089/thy.2023.0467","DOIUrl":"10.1089/thy.2023.0467","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Thyroid hormone transporters are essential for thyroid hormones to enter target cells. Monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) 8 is a key transporter and is expressed at the blood-brain barrier (BBB), in neural cells and many other tissues. Patients with MCT8 deficiency have severe neurodevelopmental delays because of cerebral hypothyroidism and chronic sequelae of peripheral thyrotoxicosis. The T3 analog 3,3',5-triiodothyroacetic acid (TRIAC) rescued neurodevelopmental features in animal models mimicking MCT8 deficiency and improved key metabolic features in patients with MCT8 deficiency. However, the identity of the transporter(s) that facilitate TRIAC transport are unknown. Here, we screened candidate transporters that are expressed at the human BBB and/or brain-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and known thyroid hormone transporters for TRIAC transport. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Plasma membrane expression was determined by cell surface biotinylation assays. Intracellular accumulation of 1 nM TRIAC was assessed in COS-1 cells expressing candidate transporters in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS)/0.1% glucose or Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) with or without 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA). Expression of Slc22a8 was determined by fluorescent <i>in situ</i> hybridization in brain sections from wild-type and Mct8/Oatp1c1 knockout mice at postnatal days 12, 21, and 120. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In total, 59 plasma membrane transporters were selected for screening of TRIAC accumulation (<i>n</i> = 40 based on expression at the human BBB and/or brain-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and having small organic molecules as substrates; <i>n</i> = 19 known thyroid hormone transporters). Screening of the selected transporter panel showed that 18 transporters facilitated significant intracellular accumulation of TRIAC in DPBS/0.1% glucose or DMEM in the absence of BSA. In the presence of BSA, substantial transport was noted for SLCO1B1 and SLC22A8 (in DPBS/0.1% glucose and DMEM) and SLC10A1, SLC22A6, and SLC22A24 (in DMEM). The zebrafish and mouse orthologs of these transporters similarly facilitated intracellular accumulation of TRIAC. Highest Slc22a8 mRNA expression was detected in mouse brain capillary endothelial cells and choroid plexus epithelial cells at early postnatal time points, but was reduced at P120. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Human SLC10A1, SLCO1B1, SLC22A6, SLC22A8, and SLC22A24 as well as their mouse and zebrafish orthologs are efficient TRIAC transporters. These findings contribute to the understanding of TRIAC treatment in patients with MCT8 deficiency and animal models thereof.</p>","PeriodicalId":23016,"journal":{"name":"Thyroid","volume":" ","pages":"1027-1037"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141248720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}