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Statistical analysis of continuous and polytomous variables in several populations 若干种群中连续变量和多聚变量的统计分析
British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 1992-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8317.1992.TB00982.X
W. Poon, Sik-Yum Lee
{"title":"Statistical analysis of continuous and polytomous variables in several populations","authors":"W. Poon, Sik-Yum Lee","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8317.1992.TB00982.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8317.1992.TB00982.X","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this article is to develop statistical theory for analysing continuous and polytomous variables in several populations. A general multivariate model is defined with a set of identification conditions. Interpretations of these identification conditions are studied. To achieve the desirable asymptotic properties for statistical inferences, the maximum likelihood approach will be employed to estimate the unknown parameters in the model. Computationally, a program based on the Fletcher-Powell algorithm is constructed to get the maximum likelihood estimates, and the information matrix is implemented to produce the standard error estimates. Statistical inference for various null hypotheses on comparisons of the means, variances, polychoric and polyserial correlations among the variables across or within different populations is discussed. A computationally more efficient partition maximum likelihood approach is also proposed. Finally, applications of the theory to some examples and a simulation study on the comparison of the maximum likelihood approach and partition maximum likelihood approach are presented.","PeriodicalId":229922,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119099458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
A comparison of some methodologies for the factor analysis of non‐normal Likert variables: A note on the size of the model 非正态李克特变量因子分析的一些方法的比较:关于模型大小的说明
British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 1992-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8317.1992.TB00975.X
B. Muthén, D. Kaplan
{"title":"A comparison of some methodologies for the factor analysis of non‐normal Likert variables: A note on the size of the model","authors":"B. Muthén, D. Kaplan","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8317.1992.TB00975.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8317.1992.TB00975.X","url":null,"abstract":"This paper expands on a recent study by Muthen & Kaplan (1985) by examining the impact of non-normal Likert variables on testing and estimation in factor analysis for models of various size. Normal theory GLS and the recently developed ADF estimator are compared for six cases of non-normality, two sample sizes, and four models of increasing size in a Monte Carlo framework with a large number of replications. Results show that GLS and ADF chi-square tests are increasingly sensitive to non-normality when the size of the model increases. No parameter estimate bias was observed for GLS and only slight parameter bias was found for ADF. A downward bias in estimated standard errors was found for GLS which remains constant across model size. For ADF, a downward bias in estimated standard errors was also found which became increasingly worse with the size of the model.","PeriodicalId":229922,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117916972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 617
Correlation coefficients from 2 × 2 tables and from biserial data 相关系数来自2 × 2表和双列数据
British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 1982-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8317.1982.TB00654.X
R. Chambers
{"title":"Correlation coefficients from 2 × 2 tables and from biserial data","authors":"R. Chambers","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8317.1982.TB00654.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8317.1982.TB00654.X","url":null,"abstract":"Various measures of correlation between two quantities x and y are discussed, and it is shown that the phi coefficient is a logically unacceptable measure except perhaps when both x and y are purely qualitative two-valued attributes. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000For biserial data, a new measure of correlation is proposed which is free from the shortcomings of the biserial coefficient and the point biserial coefficient.","PeriodicalId":229922,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119138983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Variable selection techniques in discriminant analysis: I. Description 判别分析中的变量选择技术:1、描述
British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 1982-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8317.1982.TB00638.X
R. Mckay, N. Campbell
{"title":"Variable selection techniques in discriminant analysis: I. Description","authors":"R. Mckay, N. Campbell","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8317.1982.TB00638.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8317.1982.TB00638.X","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of assessing the relative importance of variable subsets in discriminant analysis is discussed. Attention is focused on techniques for determining those subsets which are ‘adequate’ for discrimination from the descriptive viewpoint. A number of procedures which have been proposed or used in the literature are described, illustrated and compared with reference to various aspects, including rationale, statistical significance testing and computational difficulties.","PeriodicalId":229922,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1982-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119406940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 83
Statistical and metastatistical considerations in analysing the desirability of human Bayesian conservatism 分析人类贝叶斯保守性可取性的统计学和亚统计学考虑
British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 1981-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8317.1981.TB00629.X
D. Navon
{"title":"Statistical and metastatistical considerations in analysing the desirability of human Bayesian conservatism","authors":"D. Navon","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8317.1981.TB00629.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8317.1981.TB00629.X","url":null,"abstract":"Goldstein (1979) showed that interdependence of Bernoulli data can lead to either overestimation or underestimation of odds depending on the type of interdependence, and inferred that conservative behaviour is not a necessary outcome of interdependence. It is argued here that the effect of data interdependence on posterior odds in the real world cannot be determined by pure statistical reasoning. Logical arguments suggest that interdependence which requires conservative revisions is most typical. Thus, a Bayesian processor acting on the assumption that data are conditionally independent is likely to end up with inflated posterior odds.","PeriodicalId":229922,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119739628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
On Wilcox's latent structure model for guessing 关于Wilcox猜测的潜在结构模型
British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 1981-11-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8317.1981.TB00631.X
I. Molenaar
{"title":"On Wilcox's latent structure model for guessing","authors":"I. Molenaar","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8317.1981.TB00631.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8317.1981.TB00631.X","url":null,"abstract":"Wilcox (1979) has presented in this journal a model for achievement testing where a population of examinees is described in terms of a domain of skills. In most of his paper each examinee knows a proportion ζ of all items from this domain, and has a probability β of guessing the correct response given that he/she does not know it. Across examinees, the parameters ζ and β (1 — ζ) have a bivariate Dirichlet distribution. Per examinee, ζ and β are estimated from the results on pairwise equivalent item pairs. The present note explores the feasibility of the assumptions and the usefulness of the results of Wilcox's paper. It thus attempts to show the obstacles between the present psychometric model and a fully satisfactory treatment of guessing.","PeriodicalId":229922,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1981-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"118319677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
THE ANALYSIS OF DECISION-MAKING PERFORMANCE 决策绩效分析
British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 1976-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8317.1976.TB00702.X
J. Aitchison, M. F. Moore
{"title":"THE ANALYSIS OF DECISION-MAKING PERFORMANCE","authors":"J. Aitchison, M. F. Moore","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8317.1976.TB00702.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8317.1976.TB00702.X","url":null,"abstract":"In real life many decision-makers are faced with a sequence of problems of a similar nature but with varying features. Their performance can be observed and analysed through the construction of performance simulation models. Such analysis must distinguish between decision statements which are true, normative, subjective and simulative, and also between simple, ordinal, relative, absolute and distributional forms of statement. Measures of discrepancy are suggested for different forms of decision statement and techniques of comparing models and constructing simulative systems are described. (A) /TRRL/","PeriodicalId":229922,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1976-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"118242368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A METHOD OF CLUSTER ANALYSIS 一种聚类分析方法
British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 1967-05-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.2044-8317.1967.TB00381.X
Paul Constantinescu
{"title":"A METHOD OF CLUSTER ANALYSIS","authors":"Paul Constantinescu","doi":"10.1111/J.2044-8317.1967.TB00381.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2044-8317.1967.TB00381.X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":229922,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1967-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132216931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Theoretical and empirical issues in the study of implicit and explicit second-language learning 第二语言内隐与外显学习研究中的理论与实证问题
British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0272263105050082
J. Hulstijn
{"title":"Theoretical and empirical issues in the study of implicit and explicit second-language learning","authors":"J. Hulstijn","doi":"10.1017/S0272263105050082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263105050082","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":229922,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology","volume":"204 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116411793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 187
On spectral analysis and nonstationarity: Why not use a test if one is available? 关于谱分析和非平稳性:如果有测试，为什么不使用测试?
British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.1111/J.1469-8986.1992.TB02015.X
P. Molenaar, E. Weber, W. MolenvanderM.
{"title":"On spectral analysis and nonstationarity: Why not use a test if one is available?","authors":"P. Molenaar, E. Weber, W. MolenvanderM.","doi":"10.1111/J.1469-8986.1992.TB02015.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1469-8986.1992.TB02015.X","url":null,"abstract":"Comments that in P. Grossman's response to the E. J. Weber et al article on a nonstationarity test for the spectral analysis of physiological time series, the simulations and reasonings appear to be invalid and ill founded. Weber et al suggest 2 alternatives for dealing with the nonstationarity of the signal for spectral analysis and applications of the theory of chaotic dynamics.","PeriodicalId":229922,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114756728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
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