The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls最新文献

{"title":"Role of MRI in assessment of subacromial impingement syndrome","authors":"A. Ghazy, E. Mohammed, M. Khalid","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_137_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_137_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background MRI has a role in identifying the cause of subacromial impingement syndrome. It is a preferred modality in evaluating the relevant anatomy and cause/pathomechanics. Objective The aim of this study was to illustrate the role of MRI in assessment of subacromial impingement syndrome. Patients and methods This study included 30 patients of both sexes with ages ranged between 25 and 60 years complaining of shoulder joint pain for more than 3 months with positive clinical test results. All cases underwent magnetic resonance imaging at Air Force Specialized Hospital using Philips MRI machine with magnetic strength of 1.5 T, and some cases underwent MRI with strength of 3 T using a General Electrical machine. Results This study demonstrates male predominance, as there were 20 (66.7%) males and 10 (33.3%) females. Most cases were less than 40 years of age, represented as 20 (66.6%) cases. The ages of the studied cases ranged between 25 and 60 years old, with a mean age of 45 years. Conclusion MRI has a role in identifying the cause of subacromial impingement syndrome. It is a preferred modality in evaluating the relevant anatomy and cause/pathomechanics.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72558931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of multidetector computed tomography in evaluation of chest trauma","authors":"Shaimaa Zaian, Nahed Abd-Allatif, Lobna Saker","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_204_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_204_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Thoracic injuries represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in trauma. Radiologic imaging plays an important role to reach the diagnosis and can affect management of chest trauma. Objective To evaluate the role of multidetector computed tomography as an imaging modality in assessment of chest trauma. Patients and methods The current study included 60 cases referred to the Radiology Department known to be subjected to various types of chest trauma, the study was performed through the period from 6 to 24 months and was approved by our institution’s ethics committee. All patients gave their informed consent before inclusion in the study whenever their clinical condition is stable. Results The studied patients revealed that mean±SD of age was 27.28±16.20 years old, and males predominate females: 47 (78.3%) male patients, whereas females were only 13 (21.7%) patients. Patients were subjected to various modes of trauma, the commonest mode of trauma was blunt trauma by 86.7%, with motor vehicle accident that was the most leading cause (65%), while penetrating trauma was 13.3%. Different sites of fractures are shown: rib fracture seen in 23 (38.3%) patients, flail chest seen in 13 (21.7%) patients, facture of scapula was detected in four (6.7%) patients, fracture of clavicle seen in four (6.7%)patients, fracture of dorsal vertebrae occurred in 14 (23.3%) patients, and a single fracture of sternum (1.7%) was detected. Various pleural injuries were reported, with pneumothorax in 56.7%, tension pneumothorax 10%, and hemothorax in 20%. Lung parenchymal injuries in our study represent lung contusion that was the common finding in 53.3%, lung laceration in 5%, and atelectasis in 6.7%. According to the results, 95.0% of cases had no associated injuries, while 1.7% had hepatic laceration, 1.7% had renal laceration, and 1.7% had humerus fracture. Conclusion Multidetector computed tomography is a reliable imaging modality for assessment of chest trauma.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85178662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral nerves’ affection in Behçet’s disease and its relation to disease duration and activity","authors":"Eman Mohammed, Khalida El-Refaei, Eman Mostafa, Zainab Yousry","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_140_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_140_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Behçet’s disease (BD) is a chronic vascular-inflammatory disease with unknown etiology that involves principally oral and genital mucosa, skin, and eyes. Central nervous system involvement is common in BD, but peripheral nerve involvement is uncommon. Objective To determine peripheral nerve involvement and study its relation to disease duration and activity. Participants and methods In this case–control study, a total of 30 patients with clinically established BD according to International Criteria for Behçet’s Disease and 30 healthy asymptomatic individuals matched for age and sex with the patient group were recruited. All patients in this study had been subjected to a full assessment of medical history, full medical examination, the BD current activity score form and the neuropathy symptom score, along with electrophysiological nerve conduction studies including sensory and motor nerve conduction assessments and laboratory investigations. Results Based on the electrophysiological studies, 16 (53.3%) patients had evidence of peripheral neuropathy (PN). Of these, five (15.6%), six (20%), and six (20%) patients had median, ulnar, and tibial nerve affection, respectively. Consequently, nine (30%) patients had peroneal nerve affection and 14 (46.7%) patients had sural nerve affection. It is noteworthy that the most affected nerve in our study was the sural nerve, and approximately half of the included patients showed electrophysiological evidence of affection. We also found a correlation between incidences of peripheral neuropathy in patients with high BD current activity score form scores and a long duration of symptoms. We observed a significant increase in inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein) and liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) in the BD group compared with the control group. Conclusion The prevalence of peripheral nerve involvement in BD was 53.3%. Lower extremity sensory nerves were affected more prominently than upper and motor nerves. The longer the disease duration, the more the effects on the peripheral nerves. There is a positive correlation between aging or disease activity and the occurrence of peripheral neuropathy in BD.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81545072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of multidetector computed tomography and MRI in assessment of mesenteric lymphadenopathy","authors":"Eman Elmitwally, M. Omar, A. Abdelrahman","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_167_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_167_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Computed tomography (CT) and MRI are usually used for mesenteric lymph node (LN) evaluation, based on many criteria such as the morphology, distribution, and enhancement pattern that may give an indication of the underlying pathology. The aim of this work was to evaluate the role of multidetector CT and MRI in detection and characterization of mesenteric lymphadenopathy. Patients and methods This prospective study included a total of 30 patients with mesenteric LNs. Their age ranging from 25 to 75 years old with mean age±SD was 52.5±15.3 years. In total, 16 patients underwent CT examination, 10 patients underwent MRI examination, and four patients underwent both CT and MRI examinations. All patients gave their informed written consent before inclusion in the study. The radiological and histopathological results were collected and then statistically analyzed. Results We found that multidetector computed tomography accuracy in differentiating benign from malignant LNs was 75% with a sensitivity of 71.4% and specificity of 76.9%. Diffusion-weighted-MRI was more accurate (85.7%) in differentiating benign from malignant LNs with a sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 87.5%. The mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value of the malignant mesenteric LNs (0.73±0.18×10−3 mm2/s) was significantly lower than the mean ADC value of benign LNs (1.38±0.28×10−3 mm2/s) and the ADC threshold value to determine whether the lesions were benign or malignant was 0.94×10−3 mm2/s). Conclusion Both CT and MRI have a great role in characterization of mesenteric LN, which helps in differentiation between benign and malignant mesenteric LNs.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86913035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polysomnogram in children with chronic kidney disease on regular hemodialysis","authors":"A. Mostafa, K. Bahgat, R. Gouda, Rasha El Attar","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_143_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_143_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background An adequate amount and quality of sleep is essential for normal growth, development, and overall health of children. Sleep disorders (SD) are important but often overlooked health problem in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Aim To detect types of SD in children with CKD on regular hemodialysis based on polysomnogram findings and to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire Arabic version. Patients and methods This study was conducted in the Pediatric Department, Al Zahraa Hospital, Al Azhar University, on 50 children (25 children with CKD on regular hemodialysis and 25 age-matched and sex-matched controls). Polysomnogram and Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire Arabic version were done, and data were analyzed for correlation. Results There was a statistically significant decrease in hemodialysis group in minimum oxygen saturation, heart rate, sleep efficacy %, and sleep stages than controls. There was a significant increase in SD in hemodialysis group than in controls regarding respiratory problems (52 and 4%, respectively), hypopnea (48 and 0%, respectively), snoring (40 and 8%, respectively), obstructive apnea (36 and 4%, respectively), and insomnia (32 and 4%, respectively). Conclusion SD are very common in children on regular dialysis compared with controls. Respiratory problems and hypopnea are the most significant SD associated with children with CKD. Snoring, obstructive apnea, and insomnia are also more significant but less than respiratory problems. Early recognition and treatment of SD may have a positive effect on the growth and development of children with CKD.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75380383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of vascular endothelial growth factor and cyclooxygenase 2 expression in primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma-immunohistochemical study","authors":"H. Ahmed, Wafaa H Abbas Helmy, Shaimaa Abu-Seadah","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_153_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_153_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background Little is documented on the relation between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma and their correlation with clinical parameters and relation to prognosis. Aim The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression of VEGF and COX-2 in primary epithelial ovarian carcinoma and to assess their expression with the clinicopathologic and prognostic parameters of the tumors. Materials and methods The material of this study consisted of 50 cases of epithelial ovarian carcinomas. All specimens were received fixed in formalin and routinely processed. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections from all cases were re-evaluated and further stained immunohistochemically using antibodies of VEGF and COX-2. Results Positive/high expression of both VEGF and COX-2 expression in epithelial ovarian carcinoma had an obvious association with tumor grade and stage. Conclusion The positive direct relation of both VEGF and COX-2 with high grade and high stage of epithelial ovarian carcinomas may help to more accurately predict high-risk progression patients, and they have the potential to be of prognostic value in patient target therapy.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80550563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effectivenss of diffusion weighted MRI in diagnosis of middle ear cholesteatoma","authors":"S. Kadah, Magda Mohamed, Fatma Elagwany","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_202_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_202_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of diffusion-weighted (DW)-MRI in detecting middle-ear cholesteatoma and compare it with the intraoperative findings and histopathological results. Patients and methods From 40 cases of cholesteatoma, we performed diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) on 20 patients suspected of having middle-ear cholesteatoma. MRI was performed with 1.5-T units using DWI. Results From the 20 cases we examined, 14 (70%) cases showed areas of DWI restriction within the middle ear denoting cholesteatoma and six cases were negative for cholesteatoma on DWIs. We compared the results with intraoperative findings and histopathological results and we found that the DW-MRI had the sensitivity of 93.3%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, negative predictive value of 83.3%, and accuracy of 95%. Conclusion DWI is a beneficial tool in the evaluation of middle-ear cholesteatoma with excellent specificity and positive predictive value. DW-MRI can predict and localize cholesteatoma with higher diagnostic rates compared with high-resolution computed tomography scan, but the anatomical details are shown obviously in high-resolution computed tomography scan.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81011729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piezo-assisted external dacryocystorhinostomy versus conventional external dacryocystorhinostomy","authors":"M. Abd El Fattah, T. Moustafa, A. Amin, Rehab M. Kamel, S. Hassan","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_155_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_155_21","url":null,"abstract":"Aim The aim was to evaluate the role of piezoelectric technique in external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) compared with conventional external DCR regarding surgical time, efficacy, safety, and cost. Patients and methods A prospective randomized, comparative interventional study was performed at Al-Azhar University Hospitals, Cairo, between October 2017 and August 2020. A total of 40 eyes of 38 patients who underwent primary external DCR were classified into two groups: group A included 20 eyes that underwent conventional external DCR, and group B included 20 eyes that underwent piezo-assisted external DCR. Patients of both groups received bicanalicular intubation with silicon tube. Surgical outcome was evaluated. Results There was a statistically highly significant increase in the time and the size of osteotomy in group A than that in group B, with P values of less than 0.001 and less than 0.001, respectively. There was a statistically highly significant difference between the two groups regarding the shape of osteotomy, with P value less than 0.001. However, there were statistically insignificant differences between the two groups regarding the amount of bleeding in ml, and injury to nasal mucosa, with P values of 0.202 and 1.000, respectively. Moreover, there were statistically highly significant increases in visibility of scar in group B than that in group A at 1 week and at 6 months postoperatively, with P values of less than 0.001 and 0.002, respectively. Conclusion The use of piezosurgery is a safe and effective tool for external DCR, offering comparable outcomes to more commonly used traditional rongeurs. By reducing damage to adjacent tissue such as nasal mucosa owing to its selective bone cutting properties, this device is an appealing option for the surgeons and to reduce surgeon fatigue. On the contrary, the use of a Kerrison rongeur is associated with lower cost and possibly quicker time.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84281692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study between Pentacam and optical biometry measurements of anterior-chamber depth and keratometric values in normal and myopic eyes","authors":"Hend El-Sayed, Nashwa Lamie, Fatma A. Atwa, Nermien El-Dien Mohammed","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_178_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_178_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose Accurate measurement of the anterior-segment parameters is important for diagnosis of various pathologies such as cataract and glaucoma. Anterior-chamber depth (ACD) and corneal radii (R1, R2) are important parameters for biometry and refractive surgery. Considering ACD into the calculation of the intraocular lens power is an effective method to reduce postoperative errors. Aim To compare the anterior-segment parameters in the form of ACD, K-readings, and astigmatism measurements by using Pentacam and optical biometer in both normal and myopic eyes. Patients and methods A comparative observational case–control study was conducted at the outpatient clinic of Al-Zahraa University Hospital and Al-Rwad Eye Hospital from April to August 2020. Pentacam measurements was taken at Al-Rwad Eye Hospital and optical biometry was done at Al-Zahraa University Hospital. Our study was performed on 60 phakic eyes classified into two groups: group I (30 normal eyes) and group II (30 myopic eyes). The ACD, keratometry, and corneal astigmatism were measured using corneal topography WaveLight Allegro Oculyzer Pentacam and then optical biometry using Nidek AL Scan Optical Biometer (Nidek Co. Ltd). Results Our study showed that there was no significant difference between the optical biometer and Pentacam in measuring ACD, corneal power, and astigmatism measurements for both normal and myopic groups. Conclusion The WaveLight Allegro Oculyzer Pentacam and the Nidek AL Scan Optical Biometer are excellent noncontact devices and the results obtained using the two devices were well correlated and comparable, so they could be used interchangeably in most clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86006067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study between bimedial recti Y-split recession versus bimedial recti combined recess–resect versus bimedial recti slanted recession for surgical management of infantile-onset esotropia","authors":"Mataa Almaradny, Madeha El-Fattah Kamel, Zinab Hassan, A. Al-Badry","doi":"10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_149_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/sjamf.sjamf_149_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background There are numerous weakening procedures on the medial recti muscle for the management of infantile-onset esotropia and include unilateral medial rectus recession, bilateral symmetric medial rectus muscle recession, bilateral scleral posterior fixation sutures with or without medial rectus recession (bilateral Faden operation), bilateral symmetric slanted recession of the medial rectus muscle, bilateral combined resection and recession of the medial rectus muscle. A new surgical intervention for weakening procedures on the medial recti muscle for the management of infantile-onset esotropia is bimedial recti Y-split recession. Objective The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy, safety and predictability of bimedial recti Y-split recession versus bimedial recti combined resection and recession versus bimedial recti slanted recession for the surgical management of infantile-onset esotropia. Patients and methods This study had a randomized and prospective design and included 45 patients with infantile esotropia. Patients were divided into three groups: Group A underwent bimedial recti Y-split recession. Group B underwent bimedial recti combined recess–resect. Group C underwent bimedial recti slanted recession. Results The results of both groups in this study were satisfactory; at least 60% of patients who underwent the Y-splitting procedure had a higher success rate and their results were more stable throughout the follow-up period. Conclusion This findings suggested that all groups in our study achieved a satisfactory success rate; patients who underwent Y-split recession had a higher success rate and their results were more stable throughout the follow-up visits until 1 year.","PeriodicalId":22975,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty, Girls","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79337518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}