T. Umegaki, Yusuke Yamada, A. Ueda, N. Kuriyama, Qiang Xu
{"title":"Hydrogen Production via Steam Reforming of Ethyl Alcohol over Palladium/Indium Oxide Catalyst","authors":"T. Umegaki, Yusuke Yamada, A. Ueda, N. Kuriyama, Qiang Xu","doi":"10.1155/2009/631815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/631815","url":null,"abstract":"We report the synergetic effect between palladium and indium oxide on hydrogen production in the steam reforming reaction of ethyl alcohol. The palladium/indium oxide catalyst shows higher hydrogen production rate than indium oxide and palladium. Palladium/indium oxide affords ketonization of ethyl alcohol with negligible by-product carbon monoxide, while indium oxide mainly affords dehydration of ethyl alcohol, and palladium affords decomposition of ethyl alcohol with large amount of by-product carbon monoxide. The catalytic feature of palladium/indium oxide can be ascribed to the formation of palladium-indium intermetallic component during the reaction as confirmed by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic measurements.","PeriodicalId":229171,"journal":{"name":"Research Letters in Physical Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126356949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reversible Control of Primary and Secondary Self-Assembly of Poly(4-allyloxystyrene)-Block-Polystyrene","authors":"E. Yoshida, S. Kuwayama","doi":"10.1155/2009/146849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/146849","url":null,"abstract":"The reversible control of primary and secondary self-assemblies was attained using a \u0000poly(4-allyloxystyrene)- block-polystyrene diblock copolymer (PASt- 𝑏 -PSt) through variations in temperature. The copolymer showed no self-assembly in cyclohexane over 3 5 ∘ C and existed as a unimer with a 37.1 nm hydrodynamic diameter. When the temperature was lowered to 3 0 ∘ C , the copolymer formed micelles with 269.9 nm by the primary self-assembly. As the result of further lowering the temperature to 2 0 ∘ C , the secondary self-assembly of the micelles occurred to produce ca. 2975.9 nm aggregates. The aggregates were dissociated into unimers by increasing the temperature up to 4 0 ∘ C . The light scattering studies demonstrated that the thermoresponsivity of the copolymer showed good hysteresis throughout the variation in the temperature in the range between 20 and 4 0 ∘ C , based on the Marquadt analysis of the hydrodynamic diameter distribution. It was found that the primary and secondary self-assemblies of the copolymer were perfectly controlled by the temperature.","PeriodicalId":229171,"journal":{"name":"Research Letters in Physical Chemistry","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133468756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Electrolyte on Floating Water Bridge","authors":"H. Nishiumi, F. Honda","doi":"10.1155/2009/371650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/371650","url":null,"abstract":"Fuchs found phenomena that when high voltage is applied to deionized water filled in two contacted beakers, a floating water bridge forms spontaneously. In this paper, we examined flow direction of water bridge and what effects the addition of electrolytes such as NaCl, NaOH, and NH4Cl to the floating water bridge would give. We found that ionization degree reduced the length of water bridge though insoluble electrolyte Al2O3 had no effect on the length of water bridge.","PeriodicalId":229171,"journal":{"name":"Research Letters in Physical Chemistry","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123070303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of Viscosity to Probe the Interaction of Anionic Surfactants with a Coagulant Protein from Moringa oleifera Seeds","authors":"R. Maikokera, H. Kwaambwa","doi":"10.1155/2009/927329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/927329","url":null,"abstract":"The intrinsic viscosity of the coagulant protein was evaluated from the flow times of the protein solutions through a capillary viscometer, and the results suggested the coagulant protein to be globular. The interactions of the coagulant protein with anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) were also investigated by capillary viscometry. We conclude that there is strong protein-surfactant interaction at very low surfactant concentrations, and the behavior of the anionic surfactants in solutions containing coagulant protein is very similar. The viscometry results of protein-SDS system are compared with surface tension, fluorescence, and circular dichroism reported earlier. Combining the results of the four studies, the four approaches seem to confirm the same picture of the coagulant protein-SDS interaction. All the physical quantities when studied as function of surfactant concentration for 0.05% (w/v) protein solution either exhibited a maximum or minimum at a critical SDS concentration.","PeriodicalId":229171,"journal":{"name":"Research Letters in Physical Chemistry","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128300734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spatial Heterogeneity and Imperfect Mixing in Chemical Reactions: Visualization of Density-Driven Pattern Formation","authors":"S. Sobel, H. Hastings, M. Testa","doi":"10.1155/2009/350424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/350424","url":null,"abstract":"Imperfect mixing is a concern in industrial processes, everyday processes (mixing paint, bread machines), and in understanding salt water-fresh water mixing in ecosystems. The effects of imperfect mixing become evident in the unstirred ferroin-catalyzed Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction, the prototype for chemical pattern formation. Over time, waves of oxidation (high ferriin concentration, blue) propagate into a background of low ferriin concentration (red); their structure reflects in part the history of mixing in the reaction vessel. However, it may be difficult to separate mixing effects from reaction effects. We describe a simpler model system for visualizing density-driven pattern formation in an essentially unmixed chemical system: the reaction of pale yellow Fe3","PeriodicalId":229171,"journal":{"name":"Research Letters in Physical Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129390601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oxidation of Quercetin by Myeloperoxidase","authors":"T. Momić, J. Savić, V. Vasić","doi":"10.1155/2009/614362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/614362","url":null,"abstract":"Study of effect of myeloperoxidase on quercetin at pH 6.0 indicated quercetin oxidation via the formation of the oxidation product. The stability of quercetin and oxidation product was investigated as a function of time by using spectrophotometric and HPLC techniques. The apparent pseudo first-order rate constants were calculated and discussed.","PeriodicalId":229171,"journal":{"name":"Research Letters in Physical Chemistry","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132708327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrochemical Behavior of Titanium and Its Alloys as Dental Implants in Normal Saline","authors":"R. Bhola, S. Bhola, B. Mishra, D. Olson","doi":"10.1155/2009/574359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/574359","url":null,"abstract":"The electrochemical behavior of pure titanium and titanium alloys in a simulated body fluid (normal saline solution) has been tested, and the results have been reported. The significance of the results for dental use has been discussed. The tests also serve as a screening test for the best alloy system for more comprehensive long-term investigations.","PeriodicalId":229171,"journal":{"name":"Research Letters in Physical Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128409027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Garcia-Cuello, J. Moreno-Piraján, L. Giraldo-Gutiérrez, K. Sapag, G. Zgrablich
{"title":"Determination of Differential Enthalpy and Isotherm by Adsorption Calorimetry","authors":"V. Garcia-Cuello, J. Moreno-Piraján, L. Giraldo-Gutiérrez, K. Sapag, G. Zgrablich","doi":"10.1155/2008/127328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2008/127328","url":null,"abstract":"An adsorption microcalorimeter for the simultaneous determination of the differential heat of adsorption and the adsorption isotherm for gas-solid systems are designed, built, and tested. For this purpose, a Calvet heat-conducting microcalorimeter is developed and is connected to a gas volumetric unit built in stainless steel to record adsorption isotherms. The microcalorimeter is electrically calibrated to establish its sensitivity and reproducibility, obtaining 𝐾=154.34±0.23 WV−1. The adsorption microcalorimeter is used to obtain adsorption isotherms and the corresponding differential heats for the adsorption of CO2 on a reference solid, such as a NaZSM-5 type zeolite. Results for the behavior of this system are compared with those obtained with commercial equipment and with other studies in the literature.","PeriodicalId":229171,"journal":{"name":"Research Letters in Physical Chemistry","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132045698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Zong, G. Han, J. Qiu, Zaibing Guo, Li Wang, W. Yeo, Bo Liu
{"title":"Ultrasoft and High Magnetic Moment CoFe Films Directly Electrodeposited from a B-Reducer Contained Solution","authors":"B. Zong, G. Han, J. Qiu, Zaibing Guo, Li Wang, W. Yeo, Bo Liu","doi":"10.1155/2008/342976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2008/342976","url":null,"abstract":"A methodology to fabricate ultrasoft CoFe nano-/microfilms directly via electrodeposition from a semineutral iron sulfate solution is demonstrated. Using boron-reducer as the additive, the CoFe films become very soft with high magnetic moment. Typically, the film coercivity in the easy and hard axes is 6.5 and 2.5 Oersted, respectively, with a saturation polarization up to an average of 2.45 Tesla. Despite the softness, these shining and smooth films still display a high-anisotropic field of ~45 Oersted with permeability up to 1 0 4 . This kind of films can potentially be used in current and future magnetic recording systems as well as microelectronic and biotechnological devices.","PeriodicalId":229171,"journal":{"name":"Research Letters in Physical Chemistry","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115905238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Montes, A. Etxeberria, Javier Rodríguez, J. Pomposo
{"title":"Homogenization of Mutually Immiscible Polymers Using Nanoscale Effects: A Theoretical Study","authors":"S. Montes, A. Etxeberria, Javier Rodríguez, J. Pomposo","doi":"10.1155/2008/504917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2008/504917","url":null,"abstract":"A theoretical study to investigate homogenization of mutually immiscible polymers using nanoscale effects has been performed. Specifically, the miscibility behavior of all-polymer nanocomposites composed of linear-polystyrene (PS) chains and individual cross-linked poly(methyl methacrylate)-nanoparticles (PMMA-NPs) has been predicted. By using a mean field theory accounting for combinatorial interaction energy and nanoparticle-driven effects, phase diagrams were constructed as a function of PMMA-NP size, PS molecular weight, and temperature. Interestingly, complete miscibility (i.e., homogeneity) was predicted from room temperature to 675 K for PMMA-nanoparticles with radius less than ~7 nm blended with PS chains (molecular weight 150 kDa, nanoparticle volume fraction 20%) in spite of the well-known immiscibility between PS and PMMA. Several nanoscale effects affecting miscibility in PMMA-NP/PS nanocomposites involving small PMMA-nanoparticles are discussed.","PeriodicalId":229171,"journal":{"name":"Research Letters in Physical Chemistry","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124118106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}