{"title":"Missing trees for the forest","authors":"R. Barik","doi":"10.4103/0189-7969.187742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0189-7969.187742","url":null,"abstract":"A 70-year-old amputee, who was a known case of diabetes, hypertensive, and smoker presented with disabling ischemic symptoms and signs of gangrene in the stump of the left lower leg. He had undergone above knee amputation 2 months back for the gangrene of left foot with an ankle-brachial index (ABI) of 3. Computed tomography of infrarenal aorta and both the lower limbs arteries revealed total occlusion of common iliac artery, external iliac, and common femoral artery in the amputated leg. The occluded arterial segment was successfully opened percutaneously from left brachial approach. The message of this illustration is never ignore the exact extent of peripheral disease before amputation.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114782763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Majumder, A. Misra, Viral Tandel, Ashfaque Ahmed
{"title":"Giant aneurysm of right coronary artery: A case report and review of literature","authors":"B. Majumder, A. Misra, Viral Tandel, Ashfaque Ahmed","doi":"10.4103/0189-7969.187732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0189-7969.187732","url":null,"abstract":"Coronary artery aneurysms are seen in 1.5-5% of patients presenting for coronary angiography, but giant aneurysms, defined as being greater than 2 cm in diameter, are rare. Clinical presentation, prognosis and management of giant coronary artery aneurysm are not well defined due to limited experience, so each case is a learning tool in itself. We report the rare case of a 56-year-old female patient who presented to us with effort angina and was subsequently found to have a giant right coronary artery aneurysm with a fistulous communication to right atrium. This case describes one of the varied presentations of an ill defined and heterogeneous disease process.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124516180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Aje, O. Adebayo, Olugbenga Towoju, Opeyemi O. Oni, A. Adeoye, O. Ogah, A. Adebiyi, O. Oladapo
{"title":"Cor triatriatum sinistrum in a Nigerian adult","authors":"A. Aje, O. Adebayo, Olugbenga Towoju, Opeyemi O. Oni, A. Adeoye, O. Ogah, A. Adebiyi, O. Oladapo","doi":"10.4103/0189-7969.187729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0189-7969.187729","url":null,"abstract":"Classical triatriatum sinistrum or cor triatriatum sinistrum is a rare congenital heart disorder arising from the left atrium being divided into two chambers and may present with undistinguishing features such as exertional dyspnea, hemoptysis, and orthopnea. It has been scarcely reported among adult Nigerians. The case being reported presented at an unusual age of 30 years. Most cases previously reported were in children. Definitive treatment is a corrective surgery with an excellent outcome. Nonintervention could have a catastrophic outcome. Therefore, there must be a high index of clinical suspicion and early diagnosis. This report is to increase awareness of such condition.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"200 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126187909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Ogah, O. Adebayo, A. Aje, Funmilola K Koya, Olugbenga Towoju, J. Adesina, A. Adeoye, A. Adebiyi, O. Oladapo, A. Falase
{"title":"Isolated left ventricular noncompaction: Report of a case from Ibadan, Nigeria","authors":"O. Ogah, O. Adebayo, A. Aje, Funmilola K Koya, Olugbenga Towoju, J. Adesina, A. Adeoye, A. Adebiyi, O. Oladapo, A. Falase","doi":"10.4103/0189-7969.187741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0189-7969.187741","url":null,"abstract":"Isolated left ventricular noncompaction (ILVNC) is a form of cardiomyopathy caused by the intrauterine failure of the myocardium to compact (endomyocardial morphogenesis) resulting in multiple trabeculations of the left ventricular myocardium and deep intertrabecular recesses and thickened myocardium. The condition is relatively uncommon and is often complicated by heart failure, malignant arrhythmias, and thromboembolism. There have been a few reports of this condition from some parts of Africa (Djibouti, Sudan, and South Africa). To the best of our knowledge, there has not been previous report from Nigeria. The purpose of this paper is to report a case of ILVNC from Ibadan, Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128018904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of change in body position on resting electrocardiogram in young healthy adults","authors":"S. Khare, A. Chawala","doi":"10.4103/0189-7969.187711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0189-7969.187711","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The electrocardiogram (ECG) is recorded in the supine position and values of various parameters are based on calculations made from supine ECG recordings. In certain situations, such as exercise stress testing and evaluation of syncope by the head-up tilt test, the ECG is recorded in the upright position. Thus, it becomes equally important to study and quantify the nature and magnitude of changes seen in the ECG with a change of posture from supine to upright in healthy individuals. Aim: To study and investigate the effect of a change in body position on the frontal plane on ECG. Materials and Methods: Thirty healthy adult subjects (15 male and 15 female) in the age group of 18-25 years were included. The ECG was recorded in four body positions, supine, reclining with the trunk flexed at 70°, sitting upright, and standing. Results: The mean frontal plane QRS axis recorded in the supine and standing positions was comparable. The reclining and sitting ECG show a significant variation of the mean QRS axis as compared to the supine position. The T-wave axis was found to be comparable in the supine and standing positions. The corrected QT (QTc) interval showed a significant change with a change in the body position from supine to standing. Conclusion: All the subjects showed similar ECG changes, but differences in the magnitude of the changes with change in body position. The change in the QTc interval with standing needs to be explored.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115324652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The spectrum of structural heart defects seen in children at the University College Hospital, Ibadan","authors":"B. Adebayo, O. Ogunkunle, S. Omokhodion, R. Luke","doi":"10.4103/0189-7969.187712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0189-7969.187712","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Structural heart defects constitute one of the commonest reasons for Paediatric Cardiology consultations. The availability of echocardiography has obviated the need for invasive procedures in providing an accurate diagnosis and description in such children. Objective: To describe the pattern of congenital and acquired heart diseases seen in children referred to the Paediatric Cardiology Clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan Methods: Consecutive cases referred to the Paediatric Cardiology Clinic over a twelve-month period were evaluated by clinical examination, chest x-ray, electrocardiography and echocardiography. Data were analysed using SPSS for Windows software, version 20.0. Frequency distributions were generated and the Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to test the association between the age at onset of symptoms and the age at presentation. Level of significance was set at P < 0.05 Results: Two hundred and forty children underwent echocardiography; 80.4% were aged 5 years and below. Structural heart defects were encountered in 210 (87.5%) children. Congenital defects comprised 80% of the cases, the commonest being VSD, occurring either singly (24.1%) or in combination with other defects in 18.7%. The commonest cyanotic lesion, Fallot′s Tetralogy (9.2%) occurred more commonly than other isolated acyanotic lesions. Acquired heart disease accounted for 7.5% of cases, dilated cardiomyopathy, rheumatic heart disease, and pericardial effusion (occurring in 2.9%, 2.5% and 2.1% respectively). The median age at presentation (13 months) was significantly higher than that at onset of symptoms (11 months) (P = <0.001). Conclusions: Ventricular septal defect remains the commonest structural defect seen in our centre. Fallot′s Tetralogy however is more common than isolated patent ductus arteriosus or atrial septal defect. Dilated cardiomyopathy and RHD are equally common.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123736819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cardiac biomarker changes with neoadjuvant epirubicin-based chemotherapy","authors":"M. Kuti, A. Ogunleye, A. Ademola","doi":"10.4103/0189-7969.187708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0189-7969.187708","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: A major concern with epirubicin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy, a mainstay of neoadjuvant treatment for breast cancer in Nigeria, is their association with cardiotoxicity. We investigated for possible changes in the level of cardiac markers, troponin T, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP) detectable after least three cycles of epirubicin in the neoadjuvant setting. Methods: Thirty consenting female patients who had received at least three cycles of epirubicin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy were recruited from the Surgical Oncology Unit of the University College Hospital. Patients who were eligible for neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer but who had not commenced the same were recruited to serve as controls. Samples for troponin T and NT-ProBNP were collected on the day of commencement of the next cycle, before the administration of the dose. Results: The mean troponin T and median NT-ProBNP values were significantly higher among the women on epirubicin-based chemotherapy (0.76 ng/ml vs. 0.68 ng/ml, P = 0.047 and 114.5 pg/ml vs. 103 pg/ml, P = 0.007), respectively. Values of NT-ProBNP exceeding 200 pg/ml were significantly more frequently observed in the same group (40% vs. 16.7%, P = 0.01). A significant relationship between the number of cycles received and level of NT-ProBNP was observed (P = 0.015). A similar relationship was not observed with troponin T. Conclusion: Epirubicin-based chemotherapy may be associated with increased elaboration of the cardiac markers, NT-ProBNP, and troponin T early during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The potential clinical utility of these markers in predicting cardiotoxicity needs to be further evaluated in prospective studies.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"abs/2301.01819 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127610543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Orchidectomy reduces blood pressure, but testosterone increases it in intact and orchidectomized normotensive rats","authors":"F. Aliyu, A. Alagbonsi, A. Dikko","doi":"10.4103/0189-7969.187705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0189-7969.187705","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The cardioprotective effect of estrogen has been well documented, and the effect of testosterone on blood pressure (BP) is controversial and remains inconclusive. Aim: The present study is aimed at investigating the effect of testosterone on BP in normotensive rats. Materials and Methods: In a blind study, 30 male albino rats (200-250 g) were divided into 5 oral treatment groups (n = 6 rats each) as follows: Groups I and II were intact rats that received 1 ml/kg normal saline (vehicle) and 25 mg/kg testosterone subcutaneously for 24 days. Group III was sham-operated and received normal saline for 24 days. Groups IV and V were bilaterally orchidectomized and received normal saline and 25 mg/kg testosterone subcutaneously for 24 days. Results: The systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) of the sham-operated rats that received normal saline were not significantly different from the intact (control) rats that received normal saline (P > 0.05). Testosterone treatment in control rats caused a sustainably higher SBP (P < 0.001), DBP (P < 0.001), PP (P < 0.001), and MAP (P < 0.001) when compared to control that received normal saline. The SBP (P < 0.01), DBP (P < 0.001), MAP (P < 0.001), but not PP (P > 0.05) was significantly reduced in orchidectomized rats that received normal saline when compared to control. However, administration of testosterone in orchidectomized rats abolished orchidectomy-induced reduction in SBP, DBP, MAP, but not PP and further increased them above the control level (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study shows that testosterone is prohypertensive in normotensive rats.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125874522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of ectopia cordis","authors":"D. Meena, Babita Jangid","doi":"10.4103/0189-7969.187743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0189-7969.187743","url":null,"abstract":"Ectopia cordis is a rare congenital abnormality characterized by partial or complete displacement of the heart outside the thoracic cavity. It can be associated with other congenital abnormalities. The present case is the prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of ectopia cordis with sternal cleft, gastroschisis, fetal ascites, and bilateral pleural effusion illustrated in a 34 weeks gestation fetus and correlated with postnatal findings.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123643179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Olayaki, A. Alagbonsi, M. Adamson, O. Ayodele, A. Oyewopo
{"title":"Vitamin C alleviates surgical castration-induced dyslipidemia in male rats","authors":"L. Olayaki, A. Alagbonsi, M. Adamson, O. Ayodele, A. Oyewopo","doi":"10.4103/0189-7969.187706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0189-7969.187706","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aims: Androgen deprivation has been shown to be associated with dyslipidemia. Ameliorative effect of Vitamin C on dyslipidemia has also been reported. This study aimed at investigating the role of Vitamin C supplementation in castration-induced dyslipidemia. Materials and Methods: Twenty male rats were randomly divided in a blinded fashion into 4 groups (n = 5 each): Groups I and II were sham-castrated and received normal saline (1 ml/kg) and 1.25 g/kg Vitamin C, respectively, whereas Groups III and IV were rendered bilaterally castrated and received normal saline (1 ml/kg) and 1.25 g/kg Vitamin C for 4 weeks. Results and Conclusions: Castrated rats had reduced high-density lipoprotein, testosterone, estradiol, but increased low density lipoprotein, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and Castelli index and had no effect on follicle stimulating hormone when compared to sham-operated rats. Vitamin C supplements improved these parameters in normal and castrated rats. This study showed that castration-associated dyslipidemia and atherogenic risk in male rats is dependent on testosterone and estradiol. In addition, Vitamin C improves these parameters in normal and castrated rats by increasing testosterone and estradiol production, possibly from extra-testicular sites. However, there is a need for further study to ascertain the actual extra-testicular testosterone and estradiol production site.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127064055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}