Nigerian Journal of Cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Synopsis of cardiovascular and thoracic surgical cases in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital","authors":"K. Okonta, Praise Briggs, C. Amadi, S. Ofori, Emmanuel O Ocheli, P. Tabansi, B. Otaigbe","doi":"10.4103/njc.njc_14_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njc.njc_14_18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The aim of the study was to identify the spectrum of cardiothoracic and vascular surgical cases in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) and identify the limitations to service delivery and recommend solutions to improve service delivery to patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study of all the cases seen over a 5-year period at UPTH was analyzed. The data were retrieved from theatre records of both elective and emergency cases. All patients were included except those with closed tube thoracostomy drainage inserted in the accident and emergency theaters and patients who were referred out before they could have surgery. The results were tabulated and described using frequencies and percentages. Results: A total of 93 patients had surgeries in the 5-year period with a mean age of 38.5 years and a range of 3–82 years. Fifty-seven (61.3%) were males, with a male-to-female ratio of 3:2. Fourteen (15.1%) patients were children aged 3–16 years, 67 (72.0%) were adults (17–64 years), and 12 (12.9%) were the elderly (65 years and above). Twenty (21.5%) had surgeries on cardiac structures, 46 (49.5%) had surgeries on thoracic structures, and 27 (29.0%) had different vascular surgeries. For the cardiac structures, 8 (40%) had pericardiectomy and tube pericardiostomy while 12 (60%) had pacemaker insertion. Thoracic surgical procedures included 3 (6.5%) diaphragmatic repairs, 7 (15.2%) esophageal surgeries, 22 (47.8%) pleuropulmonary surgeries, 6 (13.0%) chest wall reconstructions, 5 (10.9%) mediastinal tumor excisions, and 3 (6.5%) other surgeries. The vascular surgeries included 26 (96.3%) peripheral vascular repairs and 1 (3.7%) abdominal aortic aneurysm repairs. Conclusion: There are shortcomings with the practice of cardiothoracic surgeries at the hospital as major procedures like open-heart surgeries are not done despite availability of human expertise. Thus, there is an urgent need for measures to ensure that open-heart surgery commences, in addition to the provision of some surgical equipment and improvement on some surgical techniques. Furthermore, more collaboration with the other team members in the hospital needs to be actively encouraged.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125117769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aortic valve regurgitation and acromegaly","authors":"J. Makani, M. Ikama, Louis Ondze, G. Kaky","doi":"10.4103/njc.njc_4_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njc.njc_4_19","url":null,"abstract":"We report a case of global heart failure revealing aortic regurgitation in a 50-year-old male with acromegalic dysmorphism. The echocardiography noted a hypertrophy and dilatation of left ventricular and severe aortic regurgitation. A large pituitary adenoma was visualized using magnetic resonance imaging. Growth hormone was high.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121393554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regular broad complex tachycardia in a patient with Ebstein's anomaly","authors":"Bello A. Ibrahim, M. Talle, F. Buba, S. Yauba","doi":"10.4103/njc.njc_28_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njc.njc_28_18","url":null,"abstract":"Ebstein's anomaly (EA) is an uncommon congenital heart disease characterized by apical displacement of the tricuspid valve and atrialization of the right ventricle (RV). EA is associated with accessory pathways, especially right-sided, often multiple, providing a substrate for supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Stretching and fibrosis of the right atrium and dysplastic RV provides additional substrates for other atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Differentiating preexcited antidromic tachycardia from ventricular tachycardia can be quite challenging, especially where there are no cardiac electrophysiology services. We present a case of regular broad complex tachycardia in a 1-year-old child admitted with heart failure.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116946599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between some electrocardiographic parameters of ventricular repolarization and Vitamin D status in apparently healthy individuals","authors":"E. Sokmen, Cahit Uçar, M. Çelik, Serkan Sivri, Y. Boduroğlu, S. Özbek, Alp Yildirim","doi":"10.4103/njc.njc_9_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njc.njc_9_18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vitamin D (VitD) is a vitamin affective on the cardiovascular system. VitD deficiency has been related to increased cardiac and all-cause mortality even in healthy controls. Evidence showed that such relatively novel electrocardiographic (ECG) parameters of ventricular repolarization (EPVR) as Tp-e interval, Tp-e/QT, and Tp-e/QTc ratios might be related to increase cardiac arrhythmias and even sudden cardiac death. Little data are available about the effect of VitD deficiency on EPVR. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the EPVR in apparently healthy controls with VitD deficiency. Methods: A total of 72 consecutive VitD deficient and 51 consecutive VitD nondeficient healthy controls who presented to our hospital's outpatient clinics were included in the study as two different groups. The relevant data were obtained through physical examination, electrocardiography, and echocardiography. Tp-e interval, Tp-e/QT, and Tp-e/QTc ratios were calculated from surface ECG and compared between the two groups using the Mann–Whitney U-test. Results: Tp-e interval, Tp-e/QT ratio, and Tp-e/QTc ratio were all observed to be greater in VitD deficient group compared with the VitD nondeficient group, with robust statistical significance (68.1 ms [61.7–75.4] vs. 58 ms [54–66.2]; 0.197 [0.179–0.210] vs. 0.164 [0.147–0.187]; and 0.172 (0.156–0.191) versus 0.150 (0.137–0.164); respectively; P ≤ 0.001]). Conclusion: Our study reveals that Tp-e interval, Tp-e/QT ratio, and Tp-e/QTc ratio increase in VitD deficiency in apparently healthy controls, which may be related to SCD. Further studies are needed to support our results.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128698927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consanguineous marriage makes congenital heart diseases more complex","authors":"R. Barik, P. Swain, M. Barik","doi":"10.4103/njc.njc_40_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njc.njc_40_17","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Inbreeding increases homozygotes for autosomal recessive disorders resulting in high prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD). This cross-section looks whether consanguineous marriage (CM) makes CHDs more complex. Subjects and Methods: This was an observational study which looked at the cross-section of a cohort of consecutive 113 patients having different CHD who visited Nizam Institute of Medical Sciences, Andhra Pradesh, during the year 2016 for surgery or intervention. The definitive diagnosis of CHD was supported by clinical profile, chest X-ray, echo, ultrasound abdomen, and cardiac catheterization which is appropriate. The study population was divided into CM group and distance marriage (DM) group. The categorical variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: Out of 113 patients with CHD, 61 (54%) were females. A majority 104 (94%) were Hindu. About 74% of patients were from below poverty line category. Approximately 27% and 73% patients were born out of consanguineous and DM, respectively. Most of the patients were from a rural background, and 63.7% had an education level of ≤10th class. Approximately, a total of 50 (44.2%) patients had complex CHDs (CCHDs). CCHD had significant association with CM (odds ratio: 2.60 95% confidence interval: 1.11–6.09, and P = 0.02). Conclusion: As there was a significant association of CCHD with inbreed marriage, this observation discourages CM.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127977595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microalbuminuria among participants with high-normal blood pressure attending a tertiary health institution in Nigeria","authors":"Saidu Hadiza, K. Musa, Okeahialam Basil","doi":"10.4103/njc.njc_18_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njc.njc_18_17","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Participants with high-normal blood pressure (BP) (systolic BP [SBP] 130–139 mmHg and/or diastolic BP [DBP] 85–89 mmHg) have higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors compared with optimal BP (SBP <120 mmHg and/or DBP <80 mmHg). In the present study, the prevalence of microalbuminuria, factors associated with it, and other CVD risk factors were assessed among participants with high-normal BP in comparison to controls. Methods and Results: Out of 200 participants screened, 92 with high-normal BP (Group 1) and 97 with optimal BP (Group 2) who had no history of hypertension or diabetes mellitus were consecutively recruited after satisfying the inclusion criteria. Microalbuminuria was determined using Micral test strips using first-morning urine sample. The mean age of participants in Group 1 was 33.39 ± 5.17 years, while that for Group 2 was 27.01 ± 7.4 years (P ≤ 0.001). The prevalence of microalbuminuria was higher among participants in Group 1 than in participants in Group 2 (12.9% vs. 4.1%, P = 0.037). Participants in Group 1 were older, had higher mean SBP, DBP, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides than those in Group 2. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a significant association between BMI and microalbuminuria among all the study participants (r = 0.625, P ≤ 0.007), and the BMI explains 37.7% of the variability of urinary albumin excretion among participants (R2 = 0.377, P = 0.007). Conclusion: Participants with high-normal BP had a higher prevalence of microalbuminuria and risk factors for CVD than those with optimal BP. The results suggest that participants' BMI is linked to urinary albumin excretion, and if proven in larger studies, the findings might be useful in the early prevention of CVD among individuals with high-normal BP.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122337835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First successful atrial myxoma excision in Nigeria: A 21-year follow-up","authors":"Dabeluchi Ngwu, V. Okwulehie, M. Aghaji","doi":"10.4103/njc.njc_1_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njc.njc_1_18","url":null,"abstract":"A young man presented to our institution in New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III, following a referral from a peripheral hospital where he had been on asthma treatment for over 8 years until he developed digital clubbing, and further clinical evaluation suggested cardiac disease. The preoperative diagnosis of left atrial myxoma was confirmed with transthoracic echocardiography. He had successful excision of the tumor, made a quick recovery, and has remained in NYHA Class I, with no cardiac events.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115408756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondary prophylaxis to control rheumatic heart disease in developing countries: Put rheumatic heart disease into a cage if cannot be eradicated","authors":"R. Barik","doi":"10.4103/njc.njc_29_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njc.njc_29_17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122025473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case of bidirectional ventricular tachycardia due to aconite poisoning","authors":"B. Majumder, Praveen Shukla, K. Sudeep, P. Chatterjee, S. Chakraborty","doi":"10.4103/njc.njc_34_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njc.njc_34_17","url":null,"abstract":"A 45-year-old female patient presented with sweating and palpitation with wide spectrum of electrocardiography changes from polymorphic ventricular ectopics to bidirectional ventricular tachycardia (VT). She had a concealed history of aconite intake in large doses as part of homeopathic use. There are very few causes of bidirectional tachycardia such as digitalis toxicity, catecholaminergic polymorphic VT, and rarely aconite poisoning. Here, we report a rare case of aconite poisoning presenting with bidirectional VT.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"26 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120812747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical utility of transthoracic echocardiography in assessing frequency and pattern of atrial masses among patients with cardiac diseases","authors":"T. Shogade, I. Essien, I. Umoh, C. Utin, J. Andy","doi":"10.4103/njc.njc_3_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njc.njc_3_18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Echocardiography plays a fundamental role in the evaluation of patients with atrial masses. The ability to distinguish tissue characteristics such as location, attachment, shape, size, and mobility noninvasively, quickly, cheaply, and without the use of ionizing radiation makes echocardiography the ideal diagnostic modality. With careful attention to mass location and morphology and appropriate application of clinical information, echocardiography can usually distinguish between the three principal atrial masses as follows: tumor, thrombus, and vegetation. Although transesophageal echocardiography has better sensitivity and specificity for detecting atrial masses, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) can also detect atrial masses with specificity and sensitivity of about 58% and 98%, respectively. Objectives: The study is aimed at assessing the frequency and patterns of atrial masses in an urban teaching hospital using TTE. Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of our echocardiogram reports from July 2009 to June 2014 was done to identify the frequency of atrial masses, gender distribution, sizes, clinical presentations, and locations. Results: A total of 1027 echo examinations were done over this period, comprising 503 males (48.98%) and 524 females (51.02%). Nonvegetative atrial masses were found in six of these patients representing 0.58% of the study population. Myxoma was the most common mass noted, 3 out of 4 were found in female, and all were found in the left atrium. The two atrial thrombi were detected in the right atrium and both were found in males. Conclusion: Atrial masses are not rare and TTE is still valuable in the diagnosis and initial characterization of atrial masses.","PeriodicalId":228906,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Cardiology","volume":"6 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129669465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}