Frontiers Digit. Humanit.最新文献_第4页

On Poetic Topic Modeling: Extracting Themes and Motifs From a Corpus of Spanish Poetry 论诗歌主题建模:从西班牙诗歌语料库中提取主题和母题

Frontiers Digit. Humanit. Pub Date : 2018-06-20 DOI: 10.3389/fdigh.2018.00015

Borja Navarro-Colorado

引用次数: 26

A Social Cognition Perspective on Human–Computer Trust: The Effect of Perceived Warmth and Competence on Trust in Decision-Making With Computers 人机信任的社会认知视角:感知温暖和能力对计算机决策信任的影响

Frontiers Digit. Humanit. Pub Date : 2018-06-15 DOI: 10.3389/fdigh.2018.00014

Philipp Kulms, S. Kopp

{"title":"A Social Cognition Perspective on Human–Computer Trust: The Effect of Perceived Warmth and Competence on Trust in Decision-Making With Computers","authors":"Philipp Kulms, S. Kopp","doi":"10.3389/fdigh.2018.00014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2018.00014","url":null,"abstract":"Trust is a crucial guide in interpersonal interactions, helping people to navigate through social decision-making problems and cooperate with others. In human--computer interaction (HCI), trustworthy computer agents foster appropriate trust by supporting a match between their perceived and actual characteristics. As computers are increasingly endowed with capabilities for cooperation and intelligent problem-solving, it is critical to ask under which conditions people discern and distinguish trustworthy from untrustworthy technology. We present an interactive cooperation game framework allowing us to capture human social attributions that indicate trust in continued and interdependent human--agent cooperation. Within this framework, we experimentally examine the impact of two key dimensions of social cognition, warmth and competence, as antecedents of behavioral trust and self-reported trustworthiness attributions of intelligent computers. Our findings suggest that, first, people infer warmth attributions from unselfish vs. selfish behavior and competence attributions from competent vs. incompetent problem-solving. Second, warmth statistically mediates the relation between unselfishness and behavioral trust as well as between unselfishness and perceived trustworthiness. We discuss the possible role of human social cognition for human--computer trust.","PeriodicalId":227954,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers Digit. Humanit.","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128553577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Big Data: Challenge and Opportunity for Translational and Industrial Research in Healthcare 大数据:医疗保健转化和产业研究的挑战与机遇

Frontiers Digit. Humanit. Pub Date : 2018-05-31 DOI: 10.3389/fdigh.2018.00013

R. Rossi, R. Grifantini

{"title":"Big Data: Challenge and Opportunity for Translational and Industrial Research in Healthcare","authors":"R. Rossi, R. Grifantini","doi":"10.3389/fdigh.2018.00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2018.00013","url":null,"abstract":"Research and innovation are constant imperatives for the healthcare sector: medicine, biology and biotechnology support it, and more recently computational and data-driven disciplines gained relevance to handle the massive amount of data this sector is and will be generating. To be effective in translational and healthcare industrial research, big data in the life science domain need to be organized, well annotated, catalogued, correlated and integrated: the biggest the data silos at hand, the stronger the need for organization and tidiness. The degree of such organization marks the transition from data to knowledge for strategic decision making. Thus the challenge for the use of big data in industrial research is the possibility to have effective and coherent data annotation, aimed at integration of heterogeneous domains such as different OMICs and non-OMICs (traditional) data sources. Holistic approaches enabling an acknowledged management of big data, often driven by machine learning methods, can thus trigger a change of industrial research accelerating the process from discovery to product delivery. For instance, the main pillars of industrial R&D processes for vaccines or drug development, include initial discovery, early - late pre clinics, pre-industrialization, clinical phases and finally registration - commercialization. The passage from one step to another is regulated by stringent pass/fail criteria. Bottlenecks of the R&D process are often represented by animal and human studies, which could be rationalized by surrogate in vitro assays as well as by predictive molecular and cellular signatures and models. The impact of big data in healthcare industrial research is to address such bottlenecks by providing actionable information and new knowledge so as to accelerate the development process in a cost effective way. Case studies will be discussed for the effective use of electronic health records, the leverage of network analysis methods for drug repurposing and the development of vaccines towards human pathologies.","PeriodicalId":227954,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers Digit. Humanit.","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125832445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Rhetorical Figure Detection: Chiasmus, Epanaphora, Epiphora 修辞格辨析:交错法、回指法、回指法

Frontiers Digit. Humanit. Pub Date : 2018-05-17 DOI: 10.3389/fdigh.2018.00010

Marie Dubremetz, Joakim Nivre

引用次数: 14

Post-editing Effort of a Novel With Statistical and Neural Machine Translation 基于统计和神经机器翻译的小说后期编辑

Frontiers Digit. Humanit. Pub Date : 2018-05-15 DOI: 10.3389/fdigh.2018.00009

Antonio Toral, M. Wieling, Andy Way

{"title":"Post-editing Effort of a Novel With Statistical and Neural Machine Translation","authors":"Antonio Toral, M. Wieling, Andy Way","doi":"10.3389/fdigh.2018.00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2018.00009","url":null,"abstract":"We conduct the first experiment in the literature in which a novel is translated automatically and then post-edited by professional literary translators. Our case study is Warbreaker, a popular fantasy novel originally written in English, which we translate into Catalan. We translated one chapter of the novel (over 3,700 words, 330 sentences) with two data-driven approaches to Machine Translation (MT): phrase-based statistical MT (PBMT) and neural MT (NMT). Both systems are tailored to novels; they are trained on over 100 million words of fiction. In the post-editing experiment, six professional translators with previous experience in literary translation translate subsets of this chapter under three alternating conditions: from scratch (the norm in the novel translation industry), post-editing PBMT, and post-editing NMT. We record all the keystrokes, the time taken to translate each sentence, as well as the number of pauses and their duration. Based on these measurements, and using mixed-effects models, we study post-editing effort across its three commonly studied dimensions: temporal, technical and cognitive. We observe that both MT approaches result in increases in translation productivity: PBMT by 18%, and NMT by 36%. Post-editing also leads to reductions in the number of keystrokes: by 9% with PBMT, and by 23% with NMT. Finally, regarding cognitive effort, post-editing results in fewer (29 and 42% less with PBMT and NMT, respectively) but longer pauses (14 and 25%).","PeriodicalId":227954,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers Digit. Humanit.","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121345246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 59

Big Data as a Driver for Clinical Decision Support Systems: A Learning Health Systems Perspective 大数据作为临床决策支持系统的驱动因素:学习健康系统的视角

Frontiers Digit. Humanit. Pub Date : 2018-05-01 DOI: 10.3389/fdigh.2018.00008

A. Dagliati, V. Tibollo, L. Sacchi, A. Malovini, I. Limongelli, Matteo Gabetta, C. Napolitano, A. Mazzanti, P. D. Cata, L. Chiovato, S. Priori, R. Bellazzi

引用次数: 27

Development and Testing of a Small-Size Olfactometer for the Perception of Food and Beverages in Humans 一种用于人类对食物和饮料感知的小型嗅觉计的开发和测试

Frontiers Digit. Humanit. Pub Date : 2018-04-24 DOI: 10.3389/fdigh.2018.00007

P. Risso, Mario Covarrubias Rodriguez, M. Bordegoni, A. Gallace

{"title":"Development and Testing of a Small-Size Olfactometer for the Perception of Food and Beverages in Humans","authors":"P. Risso, Mario Covarrubias Rodriguez, M. Bordegoni, A. Gallace","doi":"10.3389/fdigh.2018.00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2018.00007","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of olfactory perception and about the way humans interact with, and perceive food and beverages require appropriate olfactory devices. Moreover, small size, and portable interfaces are needed within the context of Human Computer Interaction (HCI), to enrich and complete the design of different mediated experiences. In this paper, the authors tested a new portable olfactory device for the orthonasal administration of smells. The aim was at verifying if the experience generated by the odors delivered through such device can affect people’s perception of taste. Once established that people could perceive odors using the olfactory device, a group of participants was asked to taste two different types of food (Experiment 1) and three types of beverages (Experiment 2) and to evaluate them on a number of perceptual-dimensions (such as pleasantness, freshness, sweetness, saltiness and bitterness). The participants could taste the food and the beverage without the presence of additional olfactory stimuli or under conditions where olfactory stimuli (smell of chocolate or citrus) were also presented by means of the device. The results showed that the participants’ evaluation of food and beverages were significantly modulated by the concurrently presented odors. The experimental results suggest that: 1) the device is effective in controlling the delivery of odours to human participants without the complexity of management that often affect larger odours delivery systems; 2) odors administered by means of such device can have an effects on food and beverage perception, without the need to change their chemical properties.","PeriodicalId":227954,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers Digit. Humanit.","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121691211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Data-Driven Continuous Assessment of Frailty in Older People 数据驱动的老年人衰弱持续评估

Frontiers Digit. Humanit. Pub Date : 2018-04-17 DOI: 10.3389/fdigh.2018.00006

Chiara Martini, A. Barla, F. Odone, A. Verri, A. Cella, G. Rollandi, A. Pilotto

引用次数: 12

Digital Scholarship: Identity, Interdisciplinarity, and Openness 数字学术:身份、跨学科性和开放性

Frontiers Digit. Humanit. Pub Date : 2018-04-11 DOI: 10.3389/fdigh.2018.00003

E. Scanlon

引用次数: 5

Attributing Authorship in the Noisy Digitized Correspondence of Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm 格林夫妇嘈杂的数字化通信中的作者归属

Frontiers Digit. Humanit. Pub Date : 2018-04-05 DOI: 10.3389/fdigh.2018.00004

G. Franzini, M. Kestemont, Gabriela Rotari, Melina Jander, Jeremi K. Ochab, E. Franzini, Joanna Byszuk, Jan Rybicki

{"title":"Attributing Authorship in the Noisy Digitized Correspondence of Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm","authors":"G. Franzini, M. Kestemont, Gabriela Rotari, Melina Jander, Jeremi K. Ochab, E. Franzini, Joanna Byszuk, Jan Rybicki","doi":"10.3389/fdigh.2018.00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fdigh.2018.00004","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of a multidisciplinary project aimed at better understanding the impact of different digitization strategies in computational text analysis. More specifically, it describes an effort to automatically discern the authorship of Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm in a body of uncorrected correspondence processed by HTR (Handwritten Text Recognition) and OCR (Optical Character Recognition), reporting on the effect this noise has on the analyses necessary to computationally identify the different writing style of the two brothers. In summary, our findings show that OCR digitization serves as a reliable proxy for the more painstaking process of manual digitization, at least when it comes to authorship attribution. Our results suggest that attribution is viable even when using training and test sets from different digitization pipelines. With regard to HTR, this research demonstrates that even though automated transcription significantly increases risk of text misclassification when compared to OCR, a cleanliness above ≈ 20% is already sufficient to achieve a higher-than-chance probability of correct binary attribution.","PeriodicalId":227954,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers Digit. Humanit.","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121442626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21